Tapping into the city water supply network independently, without the participation and approval of city services, is prohibited: the main networks are pressure.

To ensure an authorized connection of drinking water from the city water supply network, it is necessary to perform a number of actions, following a certain procedure and the requirements of the law on water supply and sanitation.

First of all, you should obtain a situational plan of the site with all underground utilities marked. In this case, you need the latest version, which is available in the regional geodetic service - this is where all surveys are handed over after laying the next section of underground networks. If the owner of a private house has such a plan, then it is important to make sure that it is suitable, and at the same time made on a scale of 1:500.

In addition to the situational plan, you will need to prepare:

• certificate of ownership of the plot (or the right to use the land);
• application to the local water utility;
• technical specifications from the mountains. Vodokanal.

The application is drawn up in free form, with approximately the following text:

« To connect a private house located at such-and-such an address to the city water supply network, I ask you to provide technical assistance. conditions».

Often the water utility company issues ready-made application forms. You need to address your application to the head of the water utility, sign, date and list the attachments, these are copies of the situation plan and the title document for the land.

You will need to fill out a questionnaire - a standard document in which the user indicates how many residents permanently reside, what dignity. those. devices will be installed. This will help specialists determine the standard water intake for a given residential building. Vodokanal specialists will register the application and explain when to come for ready-made technical equipment. conditions.

What does the federal law on water supply and sanitation say?

Those. the conditions, in accordance with the federal law on water supply and sanitation, contain instructions:

• regarding the amount of permitted water withdrawal for a given water user;
• number of the well from which connection to the main line can be made;
• turnaround time.

Then you should send an application to the district SES with a request to issue a conclusion for connection to the city water supply network. Receiving a conclusion from SES specialists is a signal that the first stage has been completed.

Drawing up project documentation

Designing the water supply of a residential building is a serious matter, which people who are far from designing utility networks should not undertake themselves. It is necessary to order the project from a specialized company that has the proper degree of accreditation, and most logically, from the project group of the same water utility. To order, in addition to the situation, site plan and technical details. conditions, you also need drawings of a residential building, not only the plan of the first floor and basement, but also sections.

If you are far from designing utility networks, order the project from a specialized company, and most logically, from a water utility design group.

The project consists of the following components:

• graphic part with an explanatory note;
• custom specification;
• estimates with a statement of resources.

If the owner of the mansion has a construction education, and the route is small, then it is quite possible to create a water supply project for a country house yourself:

• plan;
• longitudinal profile with details of the nodes entering the building and adjoining the existing well.

Particular attention should be paid to the technology of excavation work, highlighting the nodes of intersections with existing underground utilities, providing for their protection from damage. It is also necessary to draw up a bill of quantities.

It is important to understand what the slope should be, what materials and what diameters are best for pipes, and what shut-off valves should be used. When designing water supply systems yourself, there will be no estimate. The design documentation is sent to the water utility for approval.

The finished project should also be registered with the SES, where the conclusion was previously issued. Now you can order a topographic survey, that is, a drawing of the area specifying the distances between buildings, trees, fences up to the existing water well from which water intake is permitted. The survey is carried out by surveyors on a scale of 1:500, with underground networks drawn. Using this survey and project, the axis of the future route can be fixed on the surface of the earth, and excavation work will be carried out along this line.

Installation and connection work

The next most important stage is carrying out excavation work, for which an application is received from the Municipal Services Department - a form in 2 copies. to obtain permission, and a warrant must be issued from the utility services whose networks pass through the site. Next, to carry out excavation work, you need to contact a specialized company that has not only all the permits for its activities, but also all the mechanisms that will be used. Such a company has experience in how to organize and carry out such work: it will be necessary to call on site representatives of those city services whose communications fall within the area where the water supply route is laid, and also to comply with the requirements of external water supply networks, labor protection and safety regulations.

If the length of the route is a dozen or two meters, and the area is densely dotted

• underground pipelines,
• electrical cables,
• communication wires,

then it is possible that the use of earth-moving equipment will be impossible. In this case, the work is carried out manually, in the presence of representatives of the relevant city services.

The finished trench must have the geometric parameters indicated in the project, and the walls of the house and well are exposed, cleared of soil and prepared for insertion. Only water utility workers have the right to insert into an existing water supply system:

• they turn off the water supply to that well;
• connect the new pipeline to the main one, according to the water supply scheme for a private house.

The company that installs the pipe installs all the design taps, plugs, valves, revisions, etc., shut-off valves, as well as metering devices.

Only water utility workers have the right to insert into an existing water supply system.

Now the network is almost ready, but specialists from the water utility operation service must accept the object, checking it for compliance with the requirements of Federal Law 416 on water supply and sanitation, as well as SNiP, only after signing the act will it be possible to backfill the trench. The owner can already call a representative from the customer service department to seal the meters.

Price issue

The cost of the entire complex for external water supply depends on many factors, including the following:

• route length;
• pipe material;
• depth of placement - the volume of excavation work depends on this;
• local rates, etc.

The order of the numbers is as follows:

• water supply project – 5 thousand rubles;
• receiving technical conditions – 4-5 thousand rubles;
• approvals - 12 thousand rubles;
• cost of pipes, water meter, components – 5-10 thousand rubles.
• box with the fee for connecting to the network - 15 - 50 thousand rubles;
• excavator work – 5-10 thousand rubles;
• network laying (in complex) – 1.7 – 2.6 thousand per 1 rm.

Tariffs for water supply vary greatly by region, and in addition to the cost of the connection itself, they also charge the tariff rate for the length of the water supply network. Depending on the climate zone, it will be necessary to provide additional thermal insulation measures, and this applies to both the entry into the house and the exit from the well, and the pipeline itself with water supply equipment. Backfilling of trenches is usually done with sand (partially or completely), and this is another plus to the total amount.

The asking price can range from 80 to 120 thousand rubles.

Samples and cost of documents

In order for a local water supply network to be accepted into operation, it is necessary to prepare technical as-built documentation in accordance with water supply standards (external networks and structures). Such papers are prepared by engineering staff of the companies that performed the work. Acts for hidden work are a special type of primary executive documents, certifying each operation, each layer, which, when performing the next technological construction work, will cease to be visible, that is, they will become hidden.

For acts of hidden work, there is a special form where you need to enter the necessary information. The act of hidden work on the trench excavation must include information about how the excavation was carried out - mechanized or manual, and what kind of soil the earth is made of. It is necessary to indicate the parameters of the trench; if there are intersections, describe exactly which communications there was an intersection with, what measures were taken to protect them.

The act of hidden work on adding sand gives an idea of ​​the thickness of the bedding layer, which is important: sand is the bed for the pipeline. It is also important to require the following acts for hidden work on joint venture water supply:

• pipeline laying;
• hydraulic testing of the pipeline;
• filling the pipe with sand;
• backfilling of trenches.

In addition to these documents, contractors are required to provide the customer with:

• as-built survey of the water supply system - water supply and sanitation scheme;
• certificate for installation of a water meter.

But that’s not all: the SES service must flush the system and disinfect it, and then check the quality of the water by taking samples. Having issued a special act, the SES gives a signal to supply water to a private house. The presence of an act from the SES on washing and disinfection is a necessary attribute in the package of documents for supplying water to a private house.

The presence of an act from the SES on washing and disinfection is a necessary attribute in the package of documents for supplying water to a private house.

Upon completion of the work, all these papers must be submitted to the city water supply accounting service for technical examination to ensure compliance with the project and all standards. After this procedure, a certificate of compliance will be issued. conditions. To be able to supply water, it is necessary that the user’s relationship with the water utility for the operation of the water supply system of a private home is formalized. In the office of the municipal water company there are standard contracts; the owner of the house with a passport and a full package of papers comes there and signs the prepared contract for those. supervision in 2 copies.

Conducting water into a private house by cutting into the central water supply is not a particularly complicated procedure, but it does involve the preparation of a large number of all sorts of documents. In order for everything to be done quickly and in compliance with the requirements of the Federal Law on water supply and sanitation, specialized companies with considerable experience and all permits should be involved in the work.

The video describes the main points about connecting to water supply and sewerage:

With a centralized water supply to a populated area, the problem with drinking water for residents is solved by connecting it to the main line. Not only technical issues are important, but also issues related to obtaining documents. It is necessary to know the subtleties and nuances of how to bring water into the house so that the procedure goes quickly and without misunderstandings.

Rules for connecting a house to the central water supply

The procedure for connecting a house to the central water supply is regulated by federal legislation and government regulations. The right to insert into the main line arises after the signing of a standard agreement between the water supply company and the owner of private housing. In the territorial authority, the future subscriber will learn about the service that is responsible for the water supply at the address of the private house.

The customer turns to her with a request to issue technical conditions for the use of the central highway and presents the necessary documents. 3 working days are allotted for checking papers and technical connection capabilities. If there are not enough documents or errors are found, the customer is notified about this. Within 20 days he must provide the missing information.

When the documentation is not brought into proper condition within the allotted time, the application is canceled, which is notified to the customer within 3 days. If all requirements are met, the contractor sends the client technical conditions, a connection agreement and calculations for payment of services within 20 days.

The legislation provides that the water supply system does not have the right to refuse the applicant when there are no objective obstacles to the connection. If technical reasons do not allow this, it is possible to draw up an individual project that provides for other methods of performing the work.

What documents need to be collected and prepared?

First, the owner of the house contacts the geodetic service of the area to make a topographic plan of the site, on which all underground communications and external objects are marked. Specialists will request documents confirming land ownership and will complete the work within 2 weeks.

The applicant may have a plan, but there are important points to consider. The document must reflect the situation when no more than a year has passed since its production and no work has been carried out on the site. The required plan scale is 1:500.

The next step is to obtain technical conditions for connecting to the central water supply. The company that will supply water is provided with a package of documents:

• photocopies of passport or identity certificate;
• papers on property rights to a house, land;
• situational plan – 7 copies;
• building permit – 2 copies;
• conclusion of the SES on the possibility of connecting to the central water supply.

The subscriber writes an application for the issuance of technical conditions, where he indicates his data and information about the connected object. You are required to fill out a questionnaire. It indicates the number of permanent residents and what plumbing equipment will be installed. Based on these data, experts will calculate water consumption standards.

We draw up project documentation

The project is ordered from a water supply service or an accredited company. The customer will be required to:

• technical specifications;
• situational plan;
• housing drawings - all floors, basement, sectional images;
• list of used plumbing fixtures.

The design organization must develop and provide the customer with a document containing:

• site plan with water supply diagram;
• internal wiring in the house;
• specification of pipes and shut-off and control valves;
• the need for metering devices and a pump to increase pressure.

The finished project will have to be agreed upon with the gas service and electricity supplier, whose communications run through the site. It is registered with the SES, which issued permission to use the centralized water supply. The document is finally approved by the architectural committee.

Main points of the contract and necessary acts

A document is drawn up stating that the water utility carries out preparatory work and connecting the house, and the customer pays for it. The contract contains information about the procedure for providing services by the organization, these are:

• volume and quality of water, pressure, consumption accounting, their control;
• filing hours and short-term suspension conditions;
• procedure for payment for water supply;
• rights and obligations of the parties, liability for violations and dispute resolution.

When the contractor installs the water supply system, an acceptance certificate is drawn up by the customer, who signs it. This is the main document. In addition to this, they often fill out a form about hidden work. The Sanitary and Epidemiological Service flushes pipes and checks water quality. An act on this is also drawn up.

How to connect to a water supply and cut in a pipe

A high-quality central water supply system has special reinforced concrete wells, the nearest of which is provided for by the design documentation. It may be missing or located too far away. If the main highway runs through an individual site, it is more practical to build your own structure.

To connect additional users, bends are provided on the steel pipes. It may turn out that they are missing. Then the insertion is carried out using clamps, or threaded adapters are welded.

Installation is carried out in such a way that there is room for inspection and maintenance by specialists from the organization operating the water supply system. To insert into a plastic main, you will need a special clamp, a shut-off valve and pipes.

Connection diagram to the central water supply line

In any water supply scheme there is an external part that connects the city network with consumers in the house. This is a pipeline in which the pressure is maintained by the technical characteristics of the central line. No additional devices other than a tap in the well are required.

The internal system includes elements, the number and list of which is determined by conditions. Are used:

• pipes and hoses of various diameters;
• counter;
• water heating devices;
• shut-off and control valves, mixers;
• plumbing equipment.

Draw up a diagram of the external and internal structure of the water supply system. It helps to choose the best option for pipe routing, connecting devices, and material consumption.

Connecting a private house to the central water supply: sequence of work

According to the rules, cutting into the central pipe, which is located outside the site, is carried out by organizations with the appropriate license. Their privileged position allows them to set high prices for services. Many private owners break the rules and connect themselves - the fine is less than the cost of the work performed by the organization. The main thing is to adhere to the technical conditions and the project, not to damage any communications.

Determined by the method of connection to the water supply. A simple DIY option is to use overhead clamps, which are used for steel and plastic pipes. Insertion into an existing water supply system under pressure is carried out with special devices. An electric drill is not suitable - it will be flooded with water.

To insert, perform several simple steps:

• install the clamp;
• a pipe is drilled through a hole in it;
• screw on the open valve, then close it.

It is preferable to first install the ball valve on the clamp, then you can drill through the hole in it.

A hole is made in the foundation, which is 15 cm larger than the diameter. This will prevent its destruction if the house settles. Many people prefer to make an entrance under the foundation.

If there is no well at the insertion point, dig up the main line and install it yourself. A cheap and accessible option is to use red brick and make a hatch with a cover. It must withstand the weight of the vehicle if it is on the roadway. A hole is dug near the house where the pipe enters. Now it needs to be connected to the well on the central highway. They dig a pit at a depth below the freezing point of the soil.

All sharp objects that could damage the pipe are removed from the trench. The bottom is covered with crushed stone and sand, which form a shock-absorbing cushion. Soil water is also drained through it, and the highway is not subject to icing. Now you need to connect a pipe to the tap in the well and lead the other end into the house.

Sometimes it is impossible to dig a trench of the required depth. Then use various options for protecting the water main from freezing:

• heating with a special electric cable;
• winding with heat-insulating materials;
• filling with expanded clay.

Particular attention is paid to the place of entry into the house if the hole is in the foundation. Then the pipe is located above the freezing depth - careful insulation will be required.

The trench is not immediately filled up: first, internal installation is done, then it is checked for leaks.

Rules for laying pipes in a home

There are 2 main methods used for wiring in the house - serial and parallel. The first has advantages in saving materials. Each plumbing fixture is connected to the main pipe using tees. The disadvantage of this method is the pressure drop at each subsequent consumer. This is most noticeable when several devices that consume a lot of water are turned on at the same time.

The parallel method does not have this drawback, but the pipe consumption is greater and the circuit is more complex. A distribution unit is used - a collector. A separate branch is laid from it to each device. The use of a mixed method balances the disadvantages and advantages of the main methods of wiring in its pure form. Several nearby consumers are connected in series to one branch of the collector line.

There are rules that must be followed for any type of internal wiring:

• strictly horizontal or vertical arrangement of pipes without intersections;
• accessibility to shut-off valves and fittings;
• a tap is installed at the beginning of each branch;
• It is mandatory to have a coarse filter at the entrance to the housing main;
• For branches from the main line, pipes of a smaller cross-section are used - pressure is maintained.

Which pipe and fittings to choose

Modern material is low-density polyethylene (HDPE). The pipes are designed for cold water and can withstand pressure up to 25 atm depending on the diameter. Advantages of HDPE:

• easy installation using compression fittings made of the same material;
• delivery in coils, which allows you to choose the required length and greatly reduce the number of connections;
• serve for 50 years;
• do not corrode, almost no plaque forms inside;
• When frozen, they rarely break; in most cases they stretch, remaining intact.

Polypropylene pipes are similar in characteristics, but for connection you will need a special apparatus. Metal-plastic products are easy to install and bend at any angle. They are connected to the fittings with special combined fittings with metal inserts. Plastic water supply can be easily disassembled and upgraded if necessary.

The main disadvantage of traditional steel materials is their susceptibility to corrosion. Copper and stainless steel suffer from this to a lesser extent, but the cost is high.

Another point when choosing products is the diameter of the pipes:

• if the line is longer than 30 m, then 32 mm;
• less than 10 m – 20 mm;
• the average value is a section of 25 mm.

Connecting to a central water supply is not easy - you need to collect permits and pay for services. You can save money on installation if you do some of the work yourself and choose modern, inexpensive materials.

Installing plumbing in a private home is a complex and responsible job, but doable. By choosing the right materials and wiring diagram, you can carry out all the plumbing work yourself, without involving hired workers. But for beginners who do not have relevant experience, it is advisable to enlist the help of a professional.

Where to start installing a water supply system?

The installation of any water supply system is based on the selected wiring diagram. Only after it has been compiled can you begin selecting materials and proceed directly to installation. Also at the planning stage it is decided how many water points (or users) there will be in the house. This will determine which system to prefer - manifold or tee.

Which circuit is better - collector or tee?

The tee layout of water pipes implies their serial connection to a common riser. So, one pipe is connected to the cold and hot water pipes. With the help of tees, additional pipes are diverted to individual users, and the pipe itself ends with the connection of the last water collection point.

The advantages of this solution:

• ease of installation - no special knowledge is required when connecting additional elements;
• low cost - half as many pipes are used;
• compactness - tees are connected directly near water points.

But there are also disadvantages - when all users turn on at the same time, the pressure in the system drops significantly, and connecting a new point is quite problematic (you will have to install another tee).

The collector water supply system is characterized by a parallel connection of users, when a special splitter - a collector - is connected to the pipes for discharging cold and hot water from the riser. And each water supply point is connected to this collector.

Advantages of the collector system:

• convenience - all connection points are collected in one place;
• reliability – one pipe goes to each user, which minimizes the risk of leaks;
• pressure stability - the same pressure is supplied to each point in the manifold, so even turning on all the taps at the same time will not lead to a loss of pressure.

The disadvantages include high cost due to increased consumption of materials and the need to allocate space for connecting collectors.

The right scheme is the key to success

To avoid having to redo half of the water supply system because several key elements were forgotten during installation, it is very important to draw up the wiring diagram correctly. It must include all water points, passages and valves. The diagram shows the diameters of the pipes, the location of the water heater and pump (if the water comes from a well or borehole).

By resolving all controversial issues at the planning stage, you can avoid annoying mistakes in the future. This will also allow you to calculate in advance the required length of pipes and the number of all fittings and tees.

Moreover, it works effectively even when connected to a centralized water supply. For example, if the water is turned off, there will still be 200 liters of water left in the storage tank, which is enough for domestic needs. And even if there is a power outage, the tank located 4 m above the water consumers will provide a pressure of 0.4 atm, which is quite enough for water to flow from the mixers by gravity.

The scheme is quite simple:

1. A storage tank is connected to the main water pipe. If water comes from central water supply pipes with variable pressure, an additional pump will have to be installed at the inlet, which will provide constant water pressure.
2. To protect the pump from burnout in the absence of water, a dry running sensor is installed that turns off the power.
3. If water comes from a well, only a pumping station is installed after the tank to ensure constant pressure at the water collection points. It is advisable to choose stations with already installed burnout protection. Otherwise, it is also necessary to install a dry running sensor - to turn off the station when the water in the tank runs out.
4. It is important to provide protection against overfilling in the storage tank - for example, a float switch.
5. The routing of pipes from the tank is often tee, since this option is chosen for houses with a maximum of 5 users (shower, washbasin, toilet, washing machine and kitchen sink).

Selection of pipes - their size and material

For water supply pipes are used from:

• copper is an ideal choice, but quite expensive;
• reinforced polypropylene (PP) – installation requires a special welding machine (it can even be rented daily);
• steel - corrosion and the need for threading make such pipes unpopular;
• metal-plastic - has an excellent price-quality ratio, but can withstand temperatures only up to 95 degrees (this must be taken into account when choosing a water heater and what output temperature it gives).

Copper pipes will “outlast” even the foundation of a house, but if the budget is limited, you can choose PP or metal-plastic. At the same time, only reinforced polypropylene is used for hot water - the central reinforcing layer is visible on the cut.

This is much more reliable than compression fittings, which will have to be tightened every year, and still they will soon begin to leak.

For laying street water supply, you can use both PP pipes and HDPE. The former are used if underground connection of pipe parts is necessary, while the latter are laid in a continuous piece.

The pipe itself must have a marking (size, GOST) - pipes without markings indicate their low quality.

• incoming water pipe – 32 mm;
• riser pipe – 25 mm;
• branch pipes from the riser – 20 mm;
• branch pipes to devices – 16 mm.

But at the same time, you need to take into account the diameter of the connection of the devices. So, often boilers have an inch pipe outlet (25 mm), this must be taken into account at the stage of purchasing the boiler and components. In addition, instantaneous water heaters are sensitive to pressure in the system, so it is advisable to connect 20 mm pipes to them.

Pump or pumping station?

If there is no central water supply and water has to be taken from a well or well, each owner faces the question of choosing a pump. The pumping station can lift water to a height of no more than 9 m (the horizontal length of the pipes does not matter). Therefore, it is suitable for most wells or shallow wells. Its advantages are the presence of a hydraulic accumulator and a protective mechanism against burnout.

If the depth of the aquifer is below 9 meters, there is only one way out - a submersible pump. It provides stable and strong water pressure, but you will have to independently install an automatic system that protects against burnout and a storage tank. The latter is optional, but increases the life of the pump.

Installation of water supply

The installation of the water supply system itself is not particularly difficult:

1. Markings are made for laying the future water supply system - on the walls, in the screed or under the ceiling.
2. Holes are made in the walls or pipes are laid in the floor screed. In the latter case, the pipes should be no further than 15 cm from the wall and no closer than 20 cm from the future furniture.



3. It is much easier to carry out external wiring, where the pipes are attached to the wall with special clips. It is important to remember that polypropylene pipes cannot be fixed rigidly - they must be provided with the ability to expand during temperature changes.



4. The clips are placed at a distance of 1-2 m from each other. If you need to fix a pipe of large diameter or weight, clamps are used for reliability.
5. When laying externally, pipes through walls and ceilings must pass in sleeves - covers made of non-flammable material, filled with a sealant (for example, mineral wool). This is done to reduce noise when water passes through. The sleeve can be cut to the level of the walls and ceiling, but it must protrude 3 cm above the finished floor.



6. Special strips (sockets) for mixers are attached to the wall. Without extensive construction experience, it will not be possible to “sink” them into the wall so that the outlet pipes are flush with the wall. Therefore, they can be left protruding - the decorative caps of the mixer will cover them.





7. The assembly of the pipeline can take place both “in weight” and on the table, when the assembled parts are simply placed into the holes made. As practice shows, the latter is only possible with a very well-designed wiring diagram. Otherwise, you will still have to adjust the parts “in place”.
8. Cutting pipes must be carried out with a special pipe cutter - you cannot saw them, the connection will be unreliable. In this case, polypropylene and metal-plastic pipes are cut with different tools.







9. If you need to lay a curved “route”, metal-plastic pipes can only be bent with a radius that is at least 5 outer diameters of the pipe. Otherwise, the service life of the pipe cannot be predicted. Fittings are used for corner connections.

The principle of working with polypropylene pipes, their soldering and installation are shown in detail in the video:

Owners of private houses have to solve the problem of water supply for their households on their own. The construction of an autonomous source in the form of a well or well is associated with labor, time and finances. It’s good if there is a central water supply line nearby, it is most convenient to extend the pipeline network from it.

In this case, the comfort of living even in an old house is significantly increased, since the normal functioning of the sewage system, heating and other utilities will be ensured. You can supply water to a private house with your own hands, you just need to collect the necessary documents.

You can connect to the central water supply in winter

Advantages of central water supply

Connecting to a central water supply has a number of advantages compared to installing an autonomous water supply system. There is no need to purchase expensive pumping equipment; there is no need to drill, pump and maintain a well. In addition, centralized water supply is a certified type of activity, so the consumer receives:

• drinking water that meets sanitary and hygienic standards;
• normalized pressure in the pipeline network;
• water supply almost without interruption.

You can install the water supply and connect it to the central line yourself, or you can invite specialists. They will help to lay the system underground and connect it to the house. Of course, in this case you will have to pay for their work.

Without documents it will not be possible to supply water to a private house

To connect a private house to a centralized water supply, you will have to contact several authorities and obtain permits.

Without them, you won’t be able to use water, and for unauthorized connection there are huge fines and dismantling of the equipment at the expense of the owner.

It will be necessary to carry out various studies, draw up technical documentation and approve it in the relevant structures. All stages of documentation must be completed sequentially, otherwise everything will have to start all over again.

First we contact the geodetic service

You should first contact your local surveyor's office. Its workers will carry out a topographic survey of the area and draw up a situational plan of the site. All objects located on the ground are plotted on it, indicating the distance between them and the nearest utilities.

This is what geodetic survey and technical conditions look like

Surveyors will complete their work within ten days and issue an invoice for services rendered. If you have a situational plan, more than a year has passed since its preparation, you will have to order a new explication; this is another name for this document. When contacting the geodetic service, you will have to present title documents for the use of the land plot.

We obtain technical conditions for connecting to the water supply system

To obtain specifications for water connection, the owner of a private house can contact the authority that issued permission to construct the facility. There they will determine which company will provide centralized water supply services to the new user. This is where you should submit documents, of which you will have to collect an impressive list. You will need the following:

• confirmation of ownership or use of the house and land;
• owner's identification card;
• seven copies of the explication;
• two copies of the building permit;
• water consumption balance prepared by designers;
• two copies of the application.

The technical conditions, which are provided to the user 14 days after submitting a package of documents without charging a fee, indicate the dates of connection to the central water supply line and the permissible load on the central water supply of the user in question. The authority that provided the technical conditions undertakes to connect a private house to the central water supply.

Now you can order a water supply project

The technical specifications have finally been received, and now the water supply project can be ordered. Without it, you cannot sign an agreement with a company providing centralized water supply services. Based on the developed technical conditions, the water supply project can be carried out by any competent organization, but in any case it must be approved by the local water supply and sewerage company.

The connection must be made in accordance with the design

The document will also need to be coordinated with electricity and gas suppliers and even with the telephone exchange due to the fact that their utilities are also connected to the house, and the water supply network should not interfere with their functioning. The project is finally approved by the architectural committee.

Should I lay the pipe myself or contact a licensed organization?

When connecting a private house to a centralized water supply, you must understand that all excavation work outside the site, according to the rules, must be carried out by an organization that has a license for this. Unfortunately, the latter take advantage of their position and charge high prices for their services. The fine for violation is noticeably less, so many people do this work themselves.

An excavator is clearly more effective than a shovel

The costs of installing a water supply system consist of payment for installers, the purchase of materials and various fees. The cheapest way to get water is to do all the work yourself and install the water supply network from pipes made of polyethylene or polypropylene.

We contact the water utility to conclude an agreement

Now you should contact the water utility to conclude an agreement on connecting the water supply. Its essence lies in the fact that the organization carries out all the necessary actions to prepare and connect the infrastructure of a private house to the central water supply, and the user pays for these services.

Contracts for work and water supply

The price is set by the local water utility department, and it consists of the fee for running the pipeline system from the house to the point of connection into the main network and the connected load of the system. The cost of materials and labor of the installation team is included in this price.

Do-it-yourself plumbing

It is possible to save significantly on installing a water supply system if you do all the installation work yourself. First of all, it is necessary to draw up a diagram indicating the location of pipes and water intake points. When developing it, there is no need to strive for the heights of engineering; the most important thing is that the diagram is easy to navigate, and that it allows you to correct errors made during installation, if any.

The diagram indicates the terrain features, the presence of rocky or sandy soil on the site, and provides for the area required for pipeline interchanges. It must be taken into account that all installation work must be carried out on a pre-leveled surface, otherwise unpleasant surprises cannot be avoided.

We build a well at the connection point

A well must be installed at the point of connection to the main water main. It is needed when it is necessary to quickly shut off the water supply for repair work, so shut-off valves are installed in it. The well can be made of red brick or constructed of concrete rings.

Well options for connecting water supply

The top of the well is covered with a lid. The latter can be made of plastic, but it must withstand the load of traffic that may pass over its surface. Of course, these worries can be avoided if a well already exists at the connection point.

The connection is made by inserting into the central highway using welding equipment. It is also possible to connect to the central pipe using a special clamp without welding. In this way, you can connect to both a steel and a plastic pipe, without turning off the water supply in the central line.

Connection methods to the central pipe

In this case, the clamp is first securely mounted on the supply pipe, and then it is drilled through the hole in the clamp. An electric drill will not work as it will flood with water! Then the tap is screwed onto the thread of the clamp in the open state, after which the valve is closed. When using a ball-type valve, you can drill after it has been installed. Of course, in this case you cannot do without a forced shower, so you need to choose the right weather and clothes.

We dig a trench of the required depth

The most labor-intensive process when connecting a private house to a central water supply is the process of digging a trench. Depending on the distance from the main highway, you can use manual labor or special equipment in the form of an excavator or other earth-moving machine. Of course, you need to understand well at what depth to install the pipe.

Map of standard freezing depths

The trench should be dug to such a depth that it is below the freezing point of the soil in the area of ​​work. Otherwise, the water frozen in the pipes will burst them, and in the spring everything will have to start all over again. On the contrary, in regions with a mild climate it is possible to lay a highway without digging a trench.

If the soil does not contain significant inclusions of stones and clay, the work is easier. You can dig several holes along the route, and destroy the earthen bridges between them using a water jet supplied from a high-pressure hose. This technique significantly reduces the cost and facilitates excavation work.

It is more convenient to dig a trench to the house with shovels

Sometimes, because the soil is too heavy, it is difficult to dig a trench of the required depth. Modern insulation materials, which are used to insulate the pipeline system, can help here. In any case, it is still necessary to go deeper into the ground, at least a hundred centimeters.

A cushion is installed at the bottom of the dug trench before laying the pipes. It is a filling of sand and crushed stone that creates a shock-absorbing pad. In addition, it allows soil water to be drained away from the pipeline, thereby preventing its icing. Now you need to decide how best to lay the pipe underground and run it under the foundation.

We pass the foundation and enter the house

Pipeline entry into a house is often carried out under the foundation. In this case, the issue of the depth of the pipe and the need for its insulation is resolved in the same way as for the entire water supply line laid outside the house.

Options for introducing pipes into the house

The pipeline can also be introduced into the house through the foundation, which will require making a hole. This element of the pipeline network should be given special attention if there is a section located shallow in the ground and, as a result, subject to a high risk of freezing. It is imperative to provide high-quality thermal insulation for this section of pipe.

The diameter of the inlet hole should be made larger than the cross-section of the water pipe by approximately fifteen centimeters. This is necessary in order to prevent destruction of the pipeline network if over time the walls of the house begin to sag.

Choosing the best pipe and laying the line to the house

The most significant element of a water supply system is the pipes. There are several options and you need to decide which pipes are best for installing the water supply and bringing it to the house. In principle, galvanized steel pipes are suitable. Products made from this material tolerate mechanical overloads well, but are susceptible to corrosion processes.

Pipe for water supply and corresponding insulation

Copper pipes can function for decades, but they are very expensive and difficult to install, so they are used quite rarely. The most widely used are inexpensive pipes made of polymer materials, easy to install and resistant to aggressive chemical environments.

After connecting the pipeline network to the house, there is no need to immediately fill up the trench. First, you should make a test run and carefully examine all butt joints. Detected faults will have to be corrected.

Some features of using water

The pressure in the line is also not always maintained at the required level. Installing a pressure pump can help here. Everyone knows that water supply shutdowns often occur for various reasons. In this case, installing a storage tank helps.

Useful equipment for owners of water from the central water supply

The last tip is to think about leak protection.

According to the law of philosophy, quantity develops into quality, that is, a large number of pipes, connections, taps, appliances and, in particular, flexible hoses in a modern home leads to a noticeable increase in the possibility of water leakage.

In the event that this happens in your absence, the costs not only for repairs, but for the water itself will not seem small to anyone! The cardinal solution is to simply turn off the central tap before leaving the house. Of course, there are other flexible and technological solutions to this issue.

Water supply to a private home is the basis of all internal improvements. Laying a water supply network in a private house is a rather complex and responsible procedure. If installed incorrectly, the system will either not work at all or not work at full capacity. But, despite the great responsibility and relative complexity, you can install a water supply system yourself.

Selection of water supply source

Before you start building a water supply system in a private house with your own hands, you should carry out all the preliminary design and calculation work. Thus, it is necessary to resolve the issue of the source of water supply for housing. It must comply with the requirements of SNiP and SanPiN for water supply to residential premises.

The standards established by SNiP for one resident of a comfortable apartment regulate the average water consumption of 200 liters.

However, when choosing a source of water supply, it should be taken into account that in reality this figure can be significantly exceeded. The table below gives approximate water consumption per day for various needs for the inhabitants of a comfortable home.

Table of water consumption for household needs:

As a result we get maximum consumption of 300, or even 400 liters per person in a day. Of course, not every day all family members take a bath - it is often replaced with a more economical shower. But on weekends, when the whole family is gathered, the cost of the plumbing system can increase significantly compared to weekdays.

The old standards also do not take into account the water consumption of new household appliances that are installed in comfortable homes. We are talking about dishwashers, bidets, Jacuzzis, massage showers.

Water connection diagram from a centralized system

A less energy-intensive option is to connect the house’s water supply to the main network.

Of course, not all suburban villages have a centralized water supply. But where it is available, it will be much easier to make an insertion into the main pipeline than to try to arrange your own autonomous water supply in the form of an artesian well.

To connect to the water supply, the homeowner will be required to send a corresponding application to the operating organization.

Employees of the resource supply company, after considering the application, either issue permission to connect or refuse it.

In case of refusal to insert, this decision must be supported by specific arguments. The owner of the property, in turn, has the right to appeal such a decision to higher authorities or to the courts.

If the operating company allows the connection, then its technical workers draw up a pipeline installation plan with recommendations for the connection procedure.

All work is carried out at the expense of the homeowner, either by employees of the resource supply company itself, or by a third-party organization licensed to carry out such work.

Decentralized method of supplying water to the house

Decentralized water supply involves supplying water to the house from some autonomous source that is not connected to the central water supply.

Such an autonomous source can be:

• Well.
• Well.
• Natural sources - river, spring or pond.
• A container filled with imported water.

Among the above options, the most preferable is drawing water from a well.

When installing a well, you should take into account the expected daily water consumption for household needs. An artesian well drilled to a sufficient depth can provide sufficient productivity.

Superficial, so-called sand wells, and wells are recommended for temporary use - for example, in summer cottages.

They are unlikely to be able to ensure an uninterrupted supply of water to a house with year-round residence due to the large seasonal fluctuations of water and slow filling.

Containers with imported water can provide water to a comfortable home only if it is delivered regularly. A similar option, taking into account the average daily consumption for a family of three people is 900 - 1,000 l, can be very, very expensive. The optimal place for drilling is as close to home as possible. This way you can save on the costs of laying the pipeline.

SanPiN also requires that a minimum distance of 20 m be maintained between the well (well) and the sewer storage tank.

How to create a project yourself

Installing a water supply system in a private house involves the preliminary creation of a design and drawing document, which will mark the passage of the pipeline route both outside and inside the house.

Some people consider drawing up a diagram a waste of time and effort, relying on their experience and intuition. In fact, refusal to draw up a project results in delays in work, frequent errors and rework.

When drawing up a design diagram, it indicates the main technical data of the future pipeline:

• Type of internal wiring.
• The route of pipes in each room.
• Number and location of collectors, pumps, water heaters and filters.
• Locations of water taps.
• Types of water pipes for each water supply branch, indicating diameters.

The diagram must be carried out on a single scale, indicating the main distances. Based on the drawn up plan, it will be possible to begin purchasing all the necessary plumbing equipment, pipes and additional fittings.

Construction of a typical plumbing system

Any water supply system at home consists of 2 main parts:

1. External.
2. Internal.

The external part is intended to connect the source to the indoor plumbing system. The simplest design has a system connecting the house to a centralized highway.

This is a regular pipeline equipped with water shut-off valves to shut off the water supply, if necessary. When supplying a house with water from its own source, a supply pump, automated control relays, filters, etc. are included in the water supply system.

The in-house part of the system consists, in addition to the pipeline itself, of:

• Regulating and shut-off valves.
• Water heating boilers.
• Water equipment - drain taps and mixers.
• Distribution network.

Today there are two main types of domestic water supply systems:

• Gravity flow.
• Water pump.

In the first option, water is not supplied directly to the network, but to a tank installed in a high place - the top floor of the building, or in the attic. From there, water flows down under the influence of gravity, filling the internal pipeline system.

In the version with a pressure system, the internal network is filled using a supply pump, or additionally a pumping station equipped with a hydraulic accumulator.

House plumbing wiring diagrams

The water supply diagram provides for two methods of pipe routing:

• Consistent.
• Parallel.

The choice of one or another option depends on the operational features of the intra-house network - the number of residents, water collection points, intensity of water consumption, etc.

Serial, tee connection

A sequential water supply scheme in a private house involves dividing one common water supply branch into several “sleeves” using tees.

Therefore, such a scheme is also called a tee. Each pipeline branch goes to its own point of consumption - kitchen, bathroom, toilet.

Among the advantages of this option, we can note a lower cost due to lower pipe consumption. The disadvantage of the tee connection is the unequal pressure in each of the pipeline sleeves.

With a large number of branches, the water pressure in them decreases. The sequential scheme is recommended for use in houses with a small number of water points.

Parallel, collector connection

A distinctive feature of the parallel water supply scheme is the installed collector. This is a special water distribution unit, from which separate branches are led to each point of consumption.

The advantage of a collector connection is the ability to provide uniform pressure at each point of water consumption. The disadvantage of parallel connection is the increased consumption of materials compared to the serial version.

Pipe laying methods: hidden and open

When arranging a water supply in a house with your own hands, installing pipes is possible using two methods:

1. Closed.
2. Open.

A closed installation is more aesthetically pleasing, since the pipes are not visible and do not spoil the interior of the room. They are laid inside the walls, in grooves, or disguised with decorative boxes. The open method involves laying pipes outside, on top of walls and floors.

The open method is used as a basic one in almost all comfortable apartment buildings of a standard design.

If you decide to lay pipes in closed grooves, special attention should be paid to the quality of both the pipes themselves and their joining. Because, in the event of an accident, you will have to carry out labor-intensive work to find leaks and dismantle the pipeline.

Stages of plumbing installation

Installation of a water supply system is a rather responsible and complex undertaking. Therefore, this work should be carried out in accordance with a certain order and a pre-designed water supply scheme for a private home. Conventionally, the whole process can be divided into several stages.

Preparing for work

Work on installing the pipeline should begin from the point of water consumption, and not from the supply source. Initially, we attach the pipe to the plumbing fixture - faucet, toilet - using a coupling.

A shut-off valve should be installed on the pipe in this place to ensure, if necessary, that plumbing fixtures can be changed without a general shutdown of water in the house.

When installing a pipeline in an open way, special clips are used that are attached to the wall. The distance between them is selected depending on the material of the pipe.

Metal pipes have more mass than plastic ones, so the number of clips should be increased.

When pipes pass through a wall, they must be placed in a protective cup. The recommended distance between the pipe and the wall should be about 2 cm, in internal corners - 4 cm, in external corners - 1.5 cm. This will simplify the work of repairing the pipeline if necessary.

It is also necessary to install a tap on each element of the water supply system, at the point where the branch branches off from the collector, so that it can be quickly turned off in an emergency.

Pipe selection

When purchasing pipes, you should pay special attention to their operational and technical characteristics. , are very durable, but vulnerable to corrosion.

Therefore, if you decide to use metal for laying water pipes, then it is advisable to purchase pipes made of galvanized steel or copper. This option, of course, is not cheap, but it will create a strong and, most importantly, durable pipeline.

A more profitable option is to purchase plastic pipes(). Although they are inferior to metal pipes in terms of strength, they are not subject to corrosion, are easy to install, and are several times cheaper. It is not for nothing that polymer pipes are almost universally replacing their metal counterparts when arranging in-house water supply systems.

When purchasing polymer pipes, you should pay attention to what purposes you are going to use them for. For hot water supply, you should purchase special reinforced options that can withstand high temperatures without deformation.

Along with the purchase of pipes, you should purchase elements: connecting fittings, tees for wiring, shut-off valves, angles. All these elements must be calculated in advance, at the stage of drawing up a diagram of the future water supply system.

Attention should also be paid to the diameter of the pipes (). The longer the branch, and the more branches from it, the larger the diameter should be. For internal pipelines, pipes d from 20 to 40 mm are usually used.

Connecting the pumping station

The pumping station is designed to supply water to the intra-house network and to maintain the required pressure in it. Pumping stations are afraid of low temperatures due to the possibility of water freezing.

Therefore, they should be installed in rooms with positive temperatures - basements, plinths, special rooms. In rare cases, in regions with a mild climate, it is possible to place stations in insulated chambers directly above an artesian well.

The process of connecting a pumping station to the pipeline looks like this:

• A pipe is connected from the well to the equipment, onto which an adapter is attached.
• A tee with a drain valve is attached to the fitting for emergency shutdown of the water supply and drainage.
• A valve is installed on the tee to prevent water from escaping into the well when the pump is turned off.
• Then a coarse water filter is installed on the pipe leading from the well to the pumping station. It prevents the equipment from clogging with sand and other mechanical debris.

Only after this the station itself is connected to the network. Installation involves installing a pressure gauge, a dry-running relay and a storage tank on it. A relay connected to the pressure gauge will automatically start the pump when the pressure in the system drops.

The storage tank (damper) contains a certain amount of water necessary for the pump to operate. A “dry” sensor will prevent the pump from turning on when there is no water in the system. This will protect the equipment from failure. Exact instructions for assembling the pumping station can be found in the technical documentation - it varies depending on the model.

Installing a hydraulic accumulator

The use of a hydraulic accumulator in the water supply network is not considered a prerequisite for its functioning(). It allows you to automatically maintain the required pressure in the network even when the pump is turned off.

It is installed only with the pressure version of the system, and with a gravity-flow system, using a hydraulic accumulator makes no sense.

The structure of this device is as follows:

• An external metal tank filled with air, having inlet and outlet openings.
• A rubber membrane is installed inside the metal tank, covering both holes. When the tank is filled with water, it stretches, creating a certain pressure.
• A pressure switch connected to the pump on/off equipment. When the pressure inside the accumulator reaches a certain value, the relay stops the flow of water into the tank. After consumers consume water and the pressure in the network drops to a lower level, the relay turns on the pump again, filling the tank.

Installation of water purification equipment

The quality of water supplied to the home water supply often leaves much to be desired. Therefore, it is recommended to install special equipment in the water supply system for its cleaning.

A coarse filter installed in front of the pumping station protects only from large mechanical impurities. Only thin filters can protect against small elements dissolved in water.

To select the required fine filter, you need to know the composition of the water supplied to the system. This is done through laboratory analysis, after which you should purchase the necessary filter: for example, for iron removal. Thin filters are installed directly after the hydraulic accumulator, if there is one in the system.

The water supply system of a private house is quite complex, and must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiPs and sanitary standards. Therefore, before you begin installing an indoor water supply system with your own hands, you should carefully read all the recommendations and draw up a detailed plan diagram. If you are not confident in your own knowledge, then it makes sense to seek advice from specialists.

In general, it is quite possible to create a water supply system for a private home with your own hands. This way it is possible to save significant financial resources that would otherwise have to be paid to specialist plumbers.