In matters of appearance, we focus, first of all, on our reflection in the mirror. However, it not only can not convey the whole truth, but can also be deceived.

To clarify the question of the truthfulness of the mirrors, you need to remember the lessons of history, physics and anatomy. The reflecting effect of modern mirrors is based on glass properties covered with a special metal layer. In antiquity, when the method of producing glass has not yet been open, the plates of precious metals used as a mirror, most often round shape.

To increase the reflective ability, metal discs were subjected to additional processing - grinding.
The glass mirrors appeared only in the XIII century, they were learned to make Romans, breaking the vessels with a frozen layer of tin inside. Sheet mirrors based on tin alloy and mercury began to produce for 300 years later.

The reflective part of the mirror Many in the old manner is called amalgam, although aluminum or silver is used in modern production (0.15-0.3 μm thick), covered with several protective layers.

How to choose a "truthful" mirror?

The reflecting properties of modern mirrors depend not only on the type of amalgam, but also from the level of surface and "purity" (transparency) of glass. The rays of light are sensitive even to such irregularities that are not visible to human eye.

Any glass defects arising in the process of its manufacture, and the structure of the reflective layer (waviness, porosity and other defects) affect the "truthfulness" of the future mirror.

The degree of permissible distortion displays the mirror marking, it is divided into 9 classes - from M0 to M8. The number of values \u200b\u200bof the mirror coating depends on the method of manufacturing the mirror.
The most accurate mirrors - class M0 and M1 produce the float method. The hot glass is poured into the surface of the hot metal, where it is evenly distributed and cooled. This method of casting allows you to get the most thin and smooth glass.

M2-M4 classes are made by less perfect technique - Fourco. The hot ribbon glass is pulled out of the furnace, passing between the rollers, and cooled. In this case, the final product has a surface with thickening, which cause the reflection distortion.
The perfect M0 mirror is rare, usually on sale the most "truthful" - M1. M4 Marking speaks of insignificant curvature, buy mirrors of subsequent classes, perhaps for the equipment of the room of laughter.

Experts consider the most accurate silver coating mirrors produced in Russia. Silver has a higher reflection coefficient, and domestic manufacturers do not use marking above M1. But in Chinese-made products, we buy mirrors M4, which cannot be accurate by definition. We must not forget about the light - the most realistic reflection provides bright uniform lighting of the object.

Reflection as a projection

Everything in childhood was visited by the so-called laughter room or looked a fairy tale about the kingdom of the curves of the mirrors, so no one needs to explain how the reflection on the convex or concave surface changes.

The effect of curvature is present in even, but very large mirrors (with a party ≥1 m). This is explained by the fact that their surface is deformed under its own weight, so large mirrors make a thickness of at least 8 mm thick.

But the perfect quality of the mirror is not the key to his "truthfulness" for a separate individual. The fact is that, even having an impeccably smooth mirror, which very accurately displays external objects, a person will be reflected with defects caused by its individual characteristics.

What we are accustomed to consider our reflection is in reality is not them - it is just a visual projection, which manifests itself in the cerebral cerebral, thanks to the work of a complex person's perception system.
In fact, perception largely depends on the function of the organs of view (the eye of a person, which looks in the mirror) and the work of the brain transforming the incoming signals into the image. How else can you explain the visual dependence of the distortion of reflection from the molding form?! After all, everyone knows that elongated (rectangular and oval) mirrors are slimming, and square and round visually fell. So the psychology of the perception of the human brain works, which analyzes the incoming information, tie it to familiar subjects and forms.

Mirror and photo - what is true?

Another strange fact is known: many people simplify the separation differences between their reflection in the mirror and their own image, which they see in the photo. Especially this concerns the representatives of the beautiful sex, who wanted to know only one in the old Russian tradition: "I am in the light of all beautiful?"

The phenomenon when a person does not recognize himself in the photo is quite common, because in his inner world he or she see himself otherwise - and largely due to the mirror. This paradox caused hundreds of scientific research. If all scholars are conclusing to a simple language, such differences are explained by the features of the optical device of two systems - the lens of the camera and organ of human vision.

1. The principle of action of the eyeball receptors is not at all like glass optics: the camera lens differs from the structure of the eye lens, and it can also be deformed due to the fatigue of the eye, age-related changes, etc.
2. The reality of the image affects the number of points of perception of the object and their location. In the camera, only one lens, so the image is flat. Vision organs in humans and brain shares, fixing the image, are paired, so we perceive the reflection in the volumetric mirror (three-dimensional).
3. The accuracy of the image fixation depends on the lighting. Photographers often use this feature, creating an interesting image in the photo, straightening from the real model. Considering itself in the mirror, people usually do not change the lighting as it makes a flash of the camera or sofa.
4. Another important aspect is the distance. People look at the mirror got used to the mirror close, then as is photographed more often from afar.
5. In addition, the time you need the camera for a snapshot is negligible, in the photo there is even a special term - excerpt. The photo lens snatches the fraction of a second, imprinting the expression of the face is sometimes impressive.

As you can see, each system has its own characteristics affecting the image distortion. Considering these nuances, it can be said that the photo more accurately fix our image, but only for a moment. The human brain perceives the image in a wider spectrum. And it's not only in volume, but also in non-verbal signals that people send constantly. Therefore, from the point of view of the perception of us with the surrounding people, the reflection in the mirror is more truthfully.

Mirrors are stored, and then returned.
Their "unclean forces" visits in the night.
Kohl at night watch for a very long time in him,
You will see your twins in it.
V. Antosh

"This is the first magic subject created by man. Aboriginal Africa, Australia and Oceania gave the colonizers for him all that had. Behind him stretches the plume superstition. For a long time, this item was a luxury, affordable only by royal individuals and very rich people. The most expensive of them in Louvre, belonged to the Queen of Maria Medici, decorated with Agatam onyks. In Russia, the production of this subject has been established at the Teling of Peter I. "
What kind of subject is it? (Mirror)

Mirrors ... Mysterious items, without which person's life is not imagined. Can you imagine life without a mirror? Wake up in the morning, and not see your reflection? It seems - nonsense, little things. But what spiritual discomfort! No wonder for fabulous characters as a punishment since ancient times, reflections were deprived.
But why does a man need a mirror? Why does each of such persistence peering at their reflection? Is it just a whim, or in the desire to see yourself in the magic glass there is something more?

At all times, people wanted to learn about themselves and their fate every possible and impossible. Especially what is hidden from them. Love and luck, wealth and glory, power and death - to all their magic keys are selected. They unlock the caches of information stored, as some believe in the planetary data bank. Magic of divination, chiromantia, numerology, astrology - all of them have many different rites, techniques, methods that allow you to look "for the curtain" in our arsenal. Not last place among them occupy magical manipulations with mirrors. With the help of mirrors, Magi antiquity acquired allies from other worlds, healers treated various diseases, and ordinary people tried to still try to look into their past and the future.

Philosophy of mirrors

His whole history is trying to know the world. But the knowledge of the world is, first of all, the knowledge of themselves. We are born, and our world is born with us, we are dying, and our world also dies at the time of our death. Of course, other people and other worlds remain, but our goes with us. How can I know this world without finding yourself?
The words "know" and "see" are considered synonyms. We say - "I saw my own eyes," considering it sufficient proof of the existence of a phenomenon. Language reflected this synonymity. So, in French "Reflet" - reflection, "Reflechir" - reflect; In English "Speculate" - thinking, "Speculum" - a mirror; In the German "Reflektieren" - to reflect, count, reflect, in Russian - contemplation, a grazor (mirror).

In philosophy, the mirror was perceived as the image of the world and God, truth, knowledge, but also deceptiveness, lightness. The main content of the image is the motive of reflection: God creates the world to see its reflection in it; The world is the reflection of the Divine, it is identical to him, but still his likeness, and. The mirror is associated with the complex water - the moon - a woman. Like water, it is a reflective surface (in which you can see the images of an unknown). Since it only reflects the appearance of other items, not possessing its own, the mirror is like a moon, which reflects the sunlight deprived of its own; His nature change - it is "inhabited", then deserted, which sends us to the lunar and female symbolism. In his ability to reflect a person and the surrounding reality, the mirror is steadily correlated with consciousness, thinking, protruding instruments of self-knowledge and reflection of the university; The concept of "reflexion" (Latin "reflection") brings the thought and mirror. Imagination, like the generation of the images of the world, also finds its personification in the mirror.

In the Indian tradition, the mirror is considered a symbol of truth. "Karma Mirror" is the attribute of the Dharmaraj's afterlife referee ("king of the law"), it reflects the deeds of the dead. In Japan, the mirrors were a symbol and way of deities and were placed in the draft churches; As it was believed, they act as intermediaries in communicating with the gods. Also, the mirror is one of the attributes of the sacred power of the emperor, symbolizing purity. In the Japanese Buddhist tradition, the custom put the bronze mirror near the head of the deceased, to protect his soul from the action of the evil forces (with a similar purpose of the copper mirror put under the head of the dead man in a pre-deninist Egypt). In ancient China, the mirror is associated with a number of 8 as marking divine perfection and is a symbol of knowledge, courage, mercy; Hand mirrors, in particular, are symbols of truth. In China, believed that the mirrors were inherent in the ability to assist in a marital happiness, as well as to protect against the influence of malicious forces. In addition, the mirrors were an affiliation of the afterlife, as well as the attributes of the Chinese Lightning Deity, which, reducing and spreading them, caused a zipper. The "energy" functions of the mirror found an application in the Chinese art of design and interior feng shui.

In medieval Europe, the mirror, on the one hand, was perceived sharply negatively as an object of luxury, the attribute of vanity, narrowing, as well as the image of madness; However, at the same time, it was considered as a symbol of contemplation, self-knowledge and truth, and in this meaning was likened to the eye. During this period, numerous "grazles" are created, a special kind of didactic compositions (for example, the "great grays and Vincent from Bow). Nature was interpreted as a mirror of the Divine Plan; The mirror also acts as a symbol of the Word of God. In the iconography, it was depicted in the hands of the Virgin Mary, which, thus, is shown as if reflective the divine light of Christ; In addition, it symbolized the purity and integrity of Our Lady.

In Sufism, the image of a mirror, which reflects various objects, but keeps its nature itself, was used to illustrate the idea of \u200b\u200bunity and the manifold of the union. Also two mirrors reflecting each other, peace and Allah were likened.
In Russian folklore mirrors - the invention of the devil, which has the strength of pulling the soul from the tel. Aztecs used similar to the surface mirrors to keep the sorcerers.

History of mirrors

Water surface has become the first mirror for a person. Seeing himself in her, he could no longer calm down and tried to create something like himself. So in the dwellings of the Ancient East, the pieces of obsidian slices appeared. The Egyptians were used polished golden plates, and bronze disks decorated at home in China.
Archaeologists inspecting Pompeii, wondered, seeing almost all local courtyards small shallow pools with marble parapet. They were not used for bathing, but were not easy to decorate the interior. It was a mirror, and sitting above the reflection in the fixed stroit of water, Pupyanki led their appearance in order just as they are in front of the mirror. The cruel rival, wanting to harm his victim, threw pebbles into her mirror pool.

The first glass mirrors appeared in Rome. They were tiny, it was impossible to look at them, so they were used as amulets and decorations. Real mirrors appeared later, in medieval Holland.

In the Middle Ages, the mirrors did not complain. The mirrors of the time - convex shape with a dark surface - caused superstitious fear and are not named otherwise as sorcerer mirrors. Each decent witch had in his arsenal not only a large cauldron for making drugs, but also a small mirror. He was supposed to fow the light of the full moon, and in the afternoon to hide from the sun. It was believed that with the help of this magical subject, the witch could damage the damage and evil eye, cause the devil and retain location and evil spirits. The inquisition looked at the mirrors with suspicion. So, in 1321, the maiden Beatris de Plazissol was accused of heresy and sentenced to life imprisonment only for the fact that the mirror was found among her things. The very fact of the possession of such a thing could bring a woman not only in prison, but also to the fire.

Enlightened Europe shared superstitious attitude towards the mirror - in many countries it was customary to insert mirrors in the window to reflect "bad" energy from a bad neighbor or close "harmful" buildings: industrial facilities, hospitals, prisons ...

The mirrors were disliked and in Russia - until the 17th century they did not exhibit them, and they wrapped her taffeta or hidden in the chests.
Another curious touch: Ivan the Terrible, deadly afraid of all sorts of sense and curses, told the mirrors for his wife Maria Nagya made blind masters. And what about! After all, in Russia, they were convinced that the mirror could "get infected" by damage and transfer it to anyone looking into it. For the same reason, women were forbidden to look into the mirrors in "unclean periods" - in days of menstruation, pregnancy and the first weeks after childbirth.

And during the Renaissance, glass-flowable manufactories arise in the Viencyian town of Murano. Glasses from these manufactories achieved unprecedented results: they created colored glass, gold threads were fitted into it, blown out the complex shape of the vessels and vases. The secrets of glass production were kept in the strictest mystery, there are still a mystery of some technological techniques of Muranian masters. There, for the first time, hot glass was rolled on a polished bronze plate - it turned out almost a modern mirror.

Mirrors are special items in our house. No object of our life, perhaps, did not hurt so much legends, loyal, beliefs like a mirror.

Legends of mirrors

Many mphs and legends are associated with mirrors. Ancient Greek myth it says that Narcissus, having seen his reflection in the pond, could not go away from him and turned into a flower. Gorgon's Medusa looked into his eyes, reflected in a brilliant shield, and petrified. Honor of the invention of this alloy allegedly belonged to Hephaesta, Greek God of fire and blacksmithing craft.

Legends suggest that in the old mirrors the souls of all who looked in them are concluded. It is believed that if the mirror keeps the reflection of an evil man, the dead man, the killer, or "saw" the scene of the murder, then it becomes "evil" itself. Such a mirror is always cold to the touch, church candles come to him, and it can bring trouble to a new owner, up to his death. This mirror needs to be broken, and only so you can get rid of the curse, which is concluded.

Jorge Louis Borhess mentions mirror creatures, in particular, the Myth of Fish: "In those days, in contrast to this time, the world of mirrors and the world of people were not disassembled. In addition, they were very different, did not coincide their inhabitants, nor their colors, nor their forms. Both kingdoms, mirror and human, lived peacefully, through the mirrors could be included and go out. One night, the mirror people flooded the earth. His forces were great, but after bloody battles, the victory won the chirns of the yellow emperor. He drove the invaders, captured their mirrors and ordered them to repeat, as if in some kind of dream, all the actions of people. He deprived them of strength and appearance and admired the last slave situation. But the time will come, and they will break from this witchcraft flying.

The first fish will be wrapped ... then one after another will break on and other forms. Gradually, they will become different from us, will cease to imitate us. They will break the glass and metal barriers, and this time they will not be able to win. Together with mirror creatures will fight water "(Jorge Louis Borges" Encyclopedia of fictional beings ").

Legends associated with mirrors - almost an infinite topic. Moreover, everyone, for sure, has its own personal story about the mirror. Sometimes I think everyone who looked into the mirror immediately begins to compose a strange story. This is not such an absurd thought, as it may seem at first glance. Remember only the child is surprised, after seeing herself in the mirror. Somehow I watched how the kitten was confused, seeing his reflection. He touched the smooth surface with his paw, meoweal and poked her forehead in the glass and struggled to tie a good relationship with the kitten who saw on the other side of the mirror. The kitten did not understand that it was himself, only reflected. The child also does not immediately begin to perceive the reflection, like himself, his copy. Rather, he believes that this is another child. And in consciousness, the thought is postponed that there, behind the mirror glass, someone lives. And the child comes to the concept of "twin".

Magic Mirrors

Millenniums considered people their reflection in a bucket with water, in polished stone, and later metal plates and no purpose, except for pure utilitarian, were not associated with this.

But here have appeared in the Romans in the century. e. Glass mirrors with a metal lining immediately became mystical objects and therefore influencing people who influence the fate of people. And there is nothing surprising. After all, looking into the mirror, we seem to be separated, we see actually not, and very similar to us. Only he has the opposite: what is right, he has left. And this in ancient times scarecrow people, forced them to think of their twin, expect everything from him anything, including hostile actions.

It is said that through the mirror you can "impose damage." If any person looks into your mirror with the wishes of evil, then these wishes can be fulfilled. That is, the mirror will become a kind of drive and emitter of negative energy.

There are also many methods for divination using mirrors.
One of the oldest forms of fortune telling is crystallantia, or fortune telling on the mirrors, which is carried out with the help of a magic mirror. It was believed that the magicians of Persia were used to use such mirrors, as well as the ancient Greeks and Romans. In the ancient Greece, the witches of Teszal wrote their predictions with human blood on the mirrors. The Tessenian witches allegedly taught Pythagora, how to guess on the magic mirror, if you keep it by sending it to the moon. The Romans who were able to read on the mirrors were called "speculatory".

Even the royal personnel believed in magic mirrors and used them. Ekaterina Medici, who passionately believed in the occult arts, owned the mirror, which opened her the future of France. Heinrich IV also relied on the magic mirror to reveal political conspiracies against themselves. Medieval alchemist Albert Great recorded a magic mirror making formula: "Buy an ordinary mirror and write" S.SOLAM S.TATTLER S. ECHOGORDNER GEMATUR "on it. Skip it at a crossroads in an odd hour. On the third day, go to the same place at the same time. Time and dig, however, you can not be the first to look into this mirror. " Albert claimed that he would first look at the cat or dog mirror.
In the English folk tradition, the day before Saint Agnessea (January 21) was considered a ritual afternoon when the girls in the mirror could see the narrowed.

In Russia, for example, the most correct way to find out your fate of the time impact of centuries was considered a soda fortune telling.
Before fortunate, it was necessary to drill the icons, remove the cross from the neck and put it under the heel - that is, actually renounce from protecting the holy forces! Maybe it was since then a belief that Satan himself presented a mirror to man in order not to be missed alone and could have anything eternal conversation with himself. Prince of Darkness reasoned correctly: loneliness enlightens the soul, and the internal dialogue, a kind of split, on the contrary, makes trouble into the spiritual world ...

The girl was blocked in an empty room alone, put two appliances, a mirror, candles on the table, and began to call the narrowed: "Durable, rich, come to me dinner." Five minutes before his arrival, the mirror began to fill up. The girl peered into a mirror surface, trying to consider the groom. Discarding, it was necessary to "hang" the narrowed. Otherwise, the devil who took his image could get out of the mirror and sit next to the table. One of the most terrible considered fortune telling at midnight with two mirrors. Two identical mirrors were installed opposite each other and illuminated by two candles so that the reflections formed an endless mirror corridor. The gadgetting sat between the mirrors and began to peer into this corridor, at the end of which it was necessary to seem to appear.

The cherished narrowed can be seen, looking in the mirror at night at the crossroads (silence around himself a circle and sentencing: "The narrowed, rude, come to me along the road, and on the white snow"). Seeing frightening symbols or having heard funeral singing, hurry to read ours "Father". In the mirror look at night so as to see in it the reflection of the month. After some time, several months will appear - such and there will be the number of households in the house of the future husband. On the night under the bed there are a mirror, and around it fir branches. On the mirror is written the name of a loved one or a secret desire. If the inscription in the morning will disappear - the desire will turn if they remain - alas: the dream will not come true.

Saty fortune telling on the bridegroom is known for a long time. And now you are guessing in such a way as a joke, and who and seriously. And even what begins as a joke, becomes something serious and real when an endless mirror corridor unfolds in the dark in the dark.

Even cases of "penetration" in the past and the future with the help of mirrors are registered. Someone assures that he saw in the mirror when you fortunate your future husband, someone - wife; The story is recorded about how two girls watched in the mirror meeting of the emperors Alexander I and Napoleon in 1807; They tell how rustic signs with the help of a mirror find a thief ...

Clara Ryts, a 23-year-old resident of Munich, returned from the walk, as usual, sat down in front of the mirror to bring themselves in order. Suddenly she saw that some vaguely familiar man looks from the mirror on her. Clara turned sharply - there was no one in the room. Yes, and in general she was in the house alone. In the evening, she began to talk about this mother and suddenly remembered whose face she saw in the mirror: it was her uncle Henry, who a few years ago went to the United States. And the next day the telegram came, in which it was notified of his sudden death. It was worth it to clarify that uncle died at the moment when Clara saw him in the mirror.

In general, these stories are almost endless and are just as diverse, but everyone is reduced to one - mirrors are subjects capable of showing something unknown, reveal new knowledge if they correctly apply to them.

In primitive societies, believed and still believe that the mirrors reflect the soul and need to be protected, otherwise the soul would die. These fears switched to superstitious customs. And still commemorates associated with mirrors, make many change their actions, which is called on the go.

"She was disturbed by signs ..."

The Spaniards believe that hanging the mirror on the shoulders to small children, they will get rid of them from evil looks.

Europeans believe that the failure suits the bride, if she sees himself to the wedding in the mirror in a complete wedding dress. This misfortune can be avoided, trying on a wedding outfit without a single glove. In addition, returning from the church, the young certainly had to stand next to the mirror - it should bring them good luck.

In many nations - Indians, Tajiks, Persians and others - there was a wedding rite when the bride and the bride had to look at one mirror, as if the connection of mirror twins should strengthen and bless the earthly marriage. Moreover, in some peoples of the bride and the bride saw each other for the first time precisely reflected in the mirror, and not directly. That is, acquaintance occurred through mirror twins. It was believed that it was this that should bring good luck and happiness to the family. It seems to me that almost everyone in life was like this - when you look at my reflection next to the expensive person and say: "Look, cute (-" How we look good together! " And it "well together look" filled with additional confidence in their own power. But this is the echo of faith in the independent existence of a twin, and his smiling face gives joy, at some point becoming a face of an extraneous happy man. Regardless of age, we subconsciously believe in the autonomy of the mirror reflection.

Different peoples are different signs, but there are also those that repeat almost everywhere.

Broken mirror - unfortunately
Do not store broken mirrors,
It will be reflected in it all broken
This parable is true and now
Only a pity that she forgotten.
V. Antosh

Surely some of us remembers an unpleasant and alarming feeling, cushed into a soul, if a mirror suddenly crashed. And the fear of this is from pagan beliefs: the surface of the mirror resembles the surface of the water in which an ancient man looked, when there was no mirror. The reflection in the mirror is the reflection of the human soul. A broken mirror distorts the appearance of a person and, it seems that it can harm him.

Why a broken or cracked mirror brings misfortune? But in this case, additional defects are made to the structure of the mirror, which naturally affect the properties of the reflected wave. It turns out that in this case again the so-called evil eye is happening for looking into such a mirror. This is our double, and if you wipe him, he wures you. To avoid this, fragments (those more than more) need to paint black, or immerse in flow water.

Obviously, subconsciously each person feels connected with his twin in the mirror. Something it reminds the generally accepted idea of \u200b\u200bthe relationship between the twins. So it is believed that if one of the twins die, it dies both the second, or at least he feels the death of the first. The same with a mirror - a broken (dead) mirror bears misfortune and death to its owner. That is, "death" of a mirror twiest means the death of the original. And in general, the plug-in is a special magic world, a world in which you can find out the past and the future, so it had to turn with it gently.

Why in the house of the dead closed the mirrors?
The mirrors were closed dense, preferably black canvas. It is believed that this is done so that the lives have not seen in it the reflection of the coffin with the deceased (so as not to remember and not be afraid of him later, the option is that the dead man was then a vampire, he did not take with him).

Who knows which energy processes accompany the death of a person ... It is very possible that the mirror absorbs such an energy in such a quantity that the change in the properties of the reflective surface becomes irreversible. To "free the soul", you should break the mirror. That is, from the point of view of physics, destroy the crystal lattice of the reflective medium, which will lead to the scattering of energy accumulated in it.

The sources of superstition can be explained both from a practical and magical point of view. On the one hand, in the house of the deceased everything was arranged so as not to distract from the sorrow. On the other hand, it was believed that the mirror was on the border between the world with the local and alternate and, therefore, clinging to him, we close the way into that world. The reflection in the water or in the mirror was thought of a man's soul, which he can kidnap the spirit of the deceased.

This also applies to the custom from the sick mirror out of the room, because during the soul illness is more vulnerable. According to another superstition, if someone looks at the mirror at night, he can see the devil.

There is still belief that, returning home from halfdraw, you need to look at the mirror. This is done in order to restore the protection of the house from foreign influences, the protection that the mirror provides, reflecting all negative impacts.

There are even the rules for placing mirrors in the apartment.

For example, any mirror should be hung so that it does not "cut" the head of the highest family member.
And why? Allegedly unsuccessful mirror can bring misfortunes and diseases. On the one hand, of course, I want to laugh. In fact, how a piece of glass covered with metal can affect the situation in the family, health or good luck and failure at work? But if we accept the fact that the various parts of the human body emit different energies, then such an impact seems possible. The "cut" head will in this case mean the inaccessible energy of a certain type, and, as a result, the reflected wave will also have other properties than with the "right" arrangement of the mirror. That is, it turns out that the owner of the mirror smoothed himself. And the person who feels bad is not confident in itself, naturally becomes the source itself of all his trouble.

Mirrors should be in the grooves, so as not to injure your energy and physical health.

Do not hang the mirror too low or too high: if it reflects us in full growth, then our energy decreases.

Do not bring the baby to the mirror, otherwise it will hardly have a teeth or it will start talking late.

Do not eat, sitting in front of the mirror, otherwise there is a chance to "eat" your beauty.

For the same reason, do not look into the mirror in a huge room or with candles.

With no pretext, do not take a gift on a gift, a box, cosmetic bag - any thing decorated with a mirror.

Do not put the mirror "face" to bed: nightmares, headaches, chronic nonpropions will be provided with you. Move the furniture or at least close the mirror with something overnight.

Never scold yourself (and do not swear with others) in front of the mirror. Look at it in the "critical days" when sick or overwritten.

In connection with the foregoing, the mirrors in the house must be kept clean. It is necessary to wipe them every week, and if necessary - more often.

Remember that some mirrors have a strong negative energy, especially if the Negative scenes of the quarry, violence, and even more so killings took place on "their eyes".

It is also a pretty thought before you take the mirror in the house, which remained after the deceased. And even more so, you need to be vigilant, acquiring the mirror, whose history is unknown to you. But if you still "lucky" and in front of your mirror you fell candles, take it away from home and scatter.

If you suspect that someone is stimps against you, try to bring this person to the mirror. Take a look at your joint reflection. If your suspicions are justified, on the face of your enemy for a moment, his true feelings come.

You can approach the mirror every morning (it is better for the fact that in the hallway, living room) and, spending a hand over it (the distance between hand and mirror should be 0.5 cm - no more), ask: "Mirror, reflect everything bad that This house will come. Carry all our family (list names). "

Phenomenon of mirrors

Surprisingly, the majority of today's researchers, facing the phenomenon of the mirror, do not consider the bias of the calculations of their predecessors. Our contemporaries are convinced: a mirror, like every thing, is surrounded by a certain invisible field. Around the rough items, this field is loose and absorbs energy falling on it, the objects are smooth and shiny create a dense field around themselves, and it almost completely reflects thin radiation. The fact that the mirror has exactly such a dense field, you can make sure at home.

Try to control the TV from the remote control, but not as usual - directly, and sending the console in the mirror. And you will see: programs will be perfectly switching. But if the mirror reflects the invisible rays, it means that it can reflect and more subtle energies, for example, the energy of human feelings and emotions! That is why scientists and psychics choir advise not to experiment with the mirror: do not guess, not burn. After all, the "mirror strike" can damage (or even destroy) our fragile energy.

One of the first explanations to the mirror phenomenon gave Paracels. He believed that the mirrors serve as a tunnel between the two worlds: thin and physical. And that through this tunnel otherworked information penetrates us. Obviously, it is this energy that effectively affects the psyche of a person, having fallen with hallucinations and vision on him.

So, let's go back to what they started: we started: we are cheerful or grieved - every time, approaching the mirror, we inscribe in its depths of the cast from our energy. And looking in the mirror again, subconsciously read the "barcode", which was left for the last time. That is, the principle of boomeranga is triggered. Output? It is necessary to be white and fluffy, beautiful and happy! And only to see themselves in the mirror! And he does not rust ...

Healer mirrors

There is a belief that through the mirror you can "damage". If any person looks into your mirror with the wishes of evil, then these wishes can be fulfilled. That is, the mirror will become a kind of drive and emitter of negative energy.

True, not all stories about mirrors are so gloomy. With the help of mirrors, you can not only "damage the damage", but also get rid of it. For example, if you hang the mirror in the room where guests are going, it will take all evil. Then the mirror should be cleaned until it is only a drive, not the emitter. Cleaning is recommended to produce cold water.

It is also believed that if you look in the mirror, wanting yourself the best, to do in front of him something like autotraining, assures his reflection that it is the smartest, most beautiful, most wonderful, then the twin living in the mirror will ensure These dreams.

You can also explain why good thoughts in front of the mirror bring good luck. This is a concentration of positive energy, and its strengthening through the mirror. The mirror in this case acts as piggy banks. Remember, there were such funny pigs, where did you need to throw coins? Once a coin, two coins, three coins ... and then it was enough for ice cream. And the most stubborn - and not one ice cream. So the mirror. The energy that man emits depends on the mood. The fact that the person's pulse frequency, blood pressure and other physiological parameters are changed depending on the mood, is also known and indisputable fact. And here all these changes affect the radiated energy. It can be said that the mirror accumulates all your good thoughts for future use. Or, if it is necessary to formulate it closer to physics, the reflective layer of the mirror changes in accordance with the energy obtained from the incident wave, these changes are accumulated to some threshold level, and then radiation occurs. That is, if you constantly looked in a mirror with good emotions, then as a result you will get your ice cream when the piggy bank is filled. But it will be a big seal or small dairy ice cream - depends only on your ability to accumulate.

By the way, it was on the belief that the reflection in the mirror is a twin is not quite us, one of the methods of psychotherapy is based. The sculptor doctor creates a sculptural portrait of a patient in full size, in realistic style. As the patient recognizes himself in this sculptural portrait, and the portrait approaches the illness, the disease passes. This portrait of this disorderly carrying a seal of the disease, and the original is healed. The sculptural portrait is the "double", whom he sees the patient every day in the mirror. Created by the doctor "Double" becomes a "bad" member of a pair of a man-reflection, and the patient is "good".

Today, the mirrors find the most diverse use. To get rid of internal experiences and depression, psychologists advise more often to look into the mirror. Scientists accurately established that suicides who decided to take a look in the mirror before death, broke away from their reflection in it with love for life. And vice versa. In one of the New York institutions, the influence of the mirror on the human body has long studied. As a result, it turned out that healthy and self-confident people who loved to treat themselves in the mirror for a long time, began to experience chronic fatigue and worsening memory.

By the way, based on the theory of Paracels, the doctors of the past used mirrors for hypnosis and various sodes of suggestions. Paracels with their help treated people. And today, many fortune-tales and goas are successfully used mirrors for the healing of patients. They recommend putting a mirror for a couple of hours in the sun, then approach it and whisper: "Mirror, mirror, take my diseases, give me a ray of the sun." It is 5-10 for 5-10 minutes, then wipe the magic object with holy water and close with an opaque cloth.

Surprisingly, scientists managed to prove that such rites have a scientific explanation. It turned out that mirrors with a coating of warm shades (bronze, brass, gold, copper) absorb cold, depressing energy streams and reflect warm, solar. Metals cold shades work on the contrary. So the conspiracy in front of the mirror with a spray from brass if it does not cure to the end, it will bring significant relief.

To give the eyes to rest after long-term classes on a computer or watching TV, the oculists are proposed to use a lit candle, behind which a mirror is placed at a distance of 5-10 centimeters. For 10 minutes, it is necessary to alternately on the light of the candle, then on the mirror. Such an exercise acts as gymnastics for retina and brain. As a result, the eye muscles are unloaded, the pressure inside the eyeball normalizes and the vision is dramatically improved.

Conclusion

With explanations from the point of view of physics, or without it, the mirrors still remain objects mysterious and, to some extent, dangerous. We hang on the wall subject, from ancient times used in magical practices with a variety of goals - for cure, evil eye, the vision of the future and the past, and we absolutely do not think about it. We calmly look at the mirror in the morning, correcting the hairstyle or rehearsing the smile, which we are going to demonstrate to someone. And we forget that the mirror is not as simple as it seems at first glance. And the fact that it is naturally in a daily use, does not mean that it should be treated carelessly, without thinking about the consequences. In fact, the owner of the bull terrier never forgets what kind of dogs are fighting qualities. Why don't we think in a similar way about mirrors? Strength habit? Or simply "obedience" reflection fascinates us, closing the dangerous properties of a mirror surface? Indeed, what can be dangerous in his own image? It would seem - nothing. But numerous evidence shows that the mirrors need to be treated with the same revelation as to the same bultherer. And even with great, because the bull terrier is clear and understandable, and the mirror is a mysterious subject that helps us know the world and yourself. The mirror is a tool that should be used with caution, since not all of its properties are clear and explained. So let's learn yourself and surrounding carefully and with respect.

Literature

1. Valentine A. Do not stand under the mirror / a. Valentines // Russian newspaper. - 2005. - July 1. - P. 30.
2. Dmitruk M. Mirror for oligarch / M. Dmitruk // Light. Nature and man. - 2002. - № 3. - P. 8 - 10.
3. Konshrin Y. Mirror Worlds of the Universe / Y. Konshin // Ural Worker. - 20007. - October 4. - P. 18.
4. True V. Unexpected Mirrors / V. Pravdivsev // Science and Religion. - 2002. - № 8. - p.37-40.

Literary quiz

Guess which literary works are taken these passages:

"... here in the Svetlice table covered
White pellena;
And on that table is worth
Mirror with candle;
Two appliances on the table.
"Sveta Svetlana;
In pure mirror glass
At midnight without cheating
You will know your lot:
Knocks on your door cute
Easy hand; ... "(V. Zhukovsky" Svetlana ")

2. "My light, the mirror! tell me
Yes, all the truth reports: ... "(A. Pushkin" Tale of the dead princess and seven heroes ")

3. "Sovereign you are my father's birthday! Do not take me golden and silver brocade, nor black furies of a Siberian sick, nor the pearl necklace of Burmitsky, nor Zlata is a semi-color crown, and you bring me a mirror from crystal eastern, solid, beability to, looking at him, I saw the whole of the beauty inseptive and So, looking into it, I did not get old and my maiden was added. " (S. Aksakov "Scarlet Flower")

4. "Ah, Kitty, how would I like to get into the castorgal! There must be so many wonders! Let's play, as if we can go there! Suddenly the glass will become thin, like a web, and we step through it! Look, it, it, really, melts as a fog. Now it is not difficult to pass through it ... "(L. Carroll" Alice in the Looking Game ")

5. "-Oh, if you could look at yourself from the side.
- Grandma often says that I would like you to see ourselves from the side ... - But is it possible? - Olya was surprised.
-Well, of course, perhaps. Only for this you need to visit the side of the mirror. " (V. Gubarev "Kingdom of Curves Mirrors")

6. "I got up on tiptoe approached the mirror. I did not see my reflection. In the muddy mirror reflected the curtain, the angle of the furnace and in general a lot of things. But I was not in it.
- What's the matter? - asked voice. - Have questions?
- Who is speaking? - I asked, looking behind the mirror. There were a lot of dust and dead spiders behind the mirror. " (A. and B. Strugatsky "Monday begins on Saturday")

7. "He lived on the light of a wicked troll, a real devil. He was always happy to cause someone trouble. Once he was in a particularly good arms of the Spirit: he managed to make such a mirror in which everything is kind and beautifully decreased to the fact that it was impossible to see it, and all the unfit and ugly, on the contrary, and got into the eyes and became even worse. " .
And this is the curve mirror crashed, and the fragments scattered throughout the white light .... (H.- K. Andersen "Snow Queen")

8. "It was a beautiful mirror, a height to the ceiling, in a gold frame, decorated with an ornament. The mirror stood on stands similar to two legs with a long claws absorbed into the floor. The inscription was engraved on the top of the frame: "Einelling of Hychyar Ogoma Sache Avon Ocil Chaseva Avise Spex."
"Harry looked back in the mirror again. The woman standing on the right of his reflection, smiled at him and waved his hand. Harry turned away again and pulled his hand. If the woman really stood behind him, he would have touched her, because their reflections were quite near, but his hand fastened only the air. " J. Rowling "Harry Potter and Philosopher's Stone")

9. "We stopped at the edge of the glade. She frightened low silky grass, and at the edges of her, as if unusual flowers grew by someone, they grew. Short, wide, metal petals surrounded the size of a flower size with a large plate. The middle of the middle was mirror, the mirrors were slightly convex, and the whole glade reflected in every flower ...
Alice came out to the middle of the clearing, looked around, went closer to the flower. The flower slightly turned the mirror as if Alice looked at him.
-Time them with them, "Alice said.
"Okay," I replied. " (K. Bulychev "Alice Adventures")

The possibility of the existence of parallel worlds people thought for a long time. The Italian thinker Jordan Bruno, who talked about other inhabited worlds, even fell victim to the Holy Inquisition - so his ideas were contrary to the picture of the world. Today is not a century, and scientists are not burned on fires. But now the reasoning that our reality may be far from the only thing, often cause if not a mockery, then distrust for sure. Speech, we emphasize, is not about the existence of alien living matter, which allow many, but on the hypothetical presence of an alternative reality around us. If parallel worlds exist, what can they be and what to wait for them from them?
There is a point of view that the mystery of alternative being is associated with a certain "fifth dimension". Allegedly besides three spatial measurements and the "fourth dimension" - there is one more time. Opening it, people allegedly be able to travel between parallel worlds. However, the sector of the interdisciplinary problems of the scientific and technical development of the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences Dr. Philosophical Sciences Vladimir Arshinov is confident that today we can talk about much more measurements: "The models of our world, which contain 11, 26 and even 267 measurements. They are not Observed, and rolled in a special way. Nevertheless, they are present around us. "
In a multidimensional space, according to the scientist, things that seem incredible are possible. Vladimir Arshinov believes that other worlds can be anyhow: "Options are infinite set. For example, one of them can be a castler, as in a fairy tale about Alice. That is, what is truth in our world, there is a lie. But that's, Perhaps the easiest option. "

Natural and artificial mirrors, what do they keep in their depths? What can tell a person? Signs and beliefs associated with mirrors. Why feared the mirrors and how to handle them correctly and carefully.

The mirror is a smooth surface designed to reflect light (or other radiation). The most famous example is a flat mirror.

Archaeologists discovered the first small tin mirrors, gold or platinum belonging to the bronze era.

Modern mirror history is counted from the XIII century, or rather - from 1240, when in Europe they learned to blow the vessels from the glass. The invention of the present glass mirror should be attributed to 1279, when the Italian monk-Franciscan John Pekam described the way to cover the glass with a thin layer of tin.

The production of the mirror looked like this. In the vessel through the tube, the master poured the molten tin, which was growing with a smooth layer on the surface of the glass, and when the ball was cooled, it was broken into pieces. The first mirror was imperfect: concave fragments slightly distorted the image, but it became bright and clean.

Country Russia.
Genre: Documentary films.
Duration: 44:00
Year of release: 2016

Description: The world of the casting card is frightened and at the same time attracts. There is an opinion that on the other side of the mirror there are parallel worlds and other universes. And the mirror itself is the door, opening which you can start an endless flight in space and time. Novosibirsk scientists argue that they could create a real mirror teleport, but is it worth the game of the candle? Among us there are people for whom this ordinary subject of interior has become a real curse, to remove which is hard even the most powerful psychics ..

The world of the castorcall scares and at the same time attracts. There is an opinion that on the other side of the mirror there are parallel worlds and other universes. And the mirror itself is the door, opening which you can start an endless flight in space and time.
So what is a mirror: entrance to a tunnel for traveling or conductor into the world of darkness?

Country Russia
Director: Olga Land
Genre: Documentary
Duration: 00:38:56.
Year of release: 2007
In the Middle Ages, people with fear approached the mirrors. After seeing his reflection for the first time, they were awesome standing for a long time, nor how much doubt that the source of the magical forces and the attribute of the Divine power. A modern person perceives the mirror as the most common subject of the interior, which is used every day. But here is the question: can modern science explain to us why today, as many centuries ago, something keeps us in front of the mirror, fascinates and does not let go. Why, the longer you stand in front of him, the more unfamiliar you seem like your own reflection? Unbelievable, but it is a fact! The deeper the properties of the mirrors are being studied, the more unique surprises presents this science, at first glance, familiar to all the subject. Having invented a mirror once, a person did not suspect that he created one of the most mysterious things in the world ... The film was attended by the Ph.D., head of the Standardization and Metrology Department "Institute of Glass" Alexander Chesnokov, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Cybernetek Vitaly PDUVERS, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Physicist George Tructic Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor Yuri Simakov, Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Psychotherapist Elena Spirkin, Biophysicik David Mkhaidze, Actress Olga Budina.

This is the most unusual program on Russian television. The authors of the project are trying to find the origins of the most incredible, the most fantastic phenomena of nature and human abilities. And the more the person is trying to understand nature, the more riddles it puts in front of him.
This cycle is addressed to those who are interested in life every minute in all its manifestations, who are trying to explain - inexplicable, move the face of the obvious, look into the future. Each program is a discovery.
Thanks to this project, you will learn about the results of research on domestic and foreign scientists, about the most incredible and dear plants of the brave, who decided to throw a challenge by paranormal phenomena.
2003 - 2007

Mirrors reflect the world that surrounds us - thanks to them it becomes more understandable. But what is hiding in their mysterious mirror abnormal? Without a person, this is an ordinary piece of glass or metal. And only we will be waiting for it, we put this subject with amazing properties ...

The oldest found mirrors made by a person belongs to about 7 millennia BC. Ancient people knew about the special energy properties of reflections. Now experts say that the mirrors not only reflect, but also absorb the surrounding energy. What superstitions are related to reflections, and why do we still observe them? Can a mirror convey the message of the dead?

What is the mystery of the curves of mirrors? It has long been a certain mystic about the mirrors. In this video - mysticism real stories from life. Mirrors from ancient times were attributed to mystical characteristics. Almost any religion, with any witchcraft, mirrors are used. Ancient mirrors are especially dangerous who are purchased at auctions. It is not known that this mirror sees. Because it can bring both benefits and serious harm. Once with the help of the mirror, damage was shot and health corrected. Someone believes that the mirror is a kind of portal between the world of living and the world of the dead. It is believed that the soul of the deceased can be stuck in the plug-in, so if someone died, then always in the houses were the dark bedspreads mirrors.

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Olympic tasks on literature (answers)
Grade 5.

1. Name two works A.S. Pushkin, in which a squad of 33 people acts?

Explain why the poet, portraying the army, uses this particular number? As a symbolism of the number is associated with the plot of these works.
(4 points; 2 points, if only works are named, but the symbolism of the number is not explained) the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila", "Tale of Tsar Saltan" appeal to the tradition of folklore fairy tales, where the motive of tripling is used (3 brothers, 3 Snake C 3, 6 and 9 heads, etc.)
2. Restore the beginning of a well-known literary fairy tale on the specified letters:
«_ _ С_А_А_ _ _ _В_Е_ С_А_У_O_ С С_М_ _o _ _ _ _or_"
(2 points) « He lived an old man with his old woman at the very blue sea »
3. In which national myths are animals deified? Give 2-3 examples.
(6 points; 2 points for each example) Ancient Egyptian myths (Bull Bath, Jackal Anubis), ancient Greek myths (Cow IO, Bull Minotavr), Myths of India (Bird Garuda)
4. Which of the literary or fabulous heroes belongs to the listed items? Name the hero, work and author.

a) boat with Alami sails Assol (A.Grin "Scarlet Sails")

b) Oksana Cherevichki (N.V. Gogol "Night Before Christmas") will also be the answer of the vacuum

c) Silk Santher Shamakhanskaya Tsarina (A.S. Pushkin "Tale of the Golden Cockerel")

d) porcelain staircase pipeline (G.H. Andersen "Cinema and Pedochil")

e) mirror distorting the world of the Snow Queen (G.kh. Andersen "Snow Queen")
(5 points, one for each correct answer)
5. Name the work, the author, the hero and those whom the hero addresses the words below. Explain why the hero chose such an appeal.
"Well, children, forgive, I go where God will lead."
(8 points; if the answer will only be called the story, author and hero, but the explanation is not given, then 5 points) the story "Dubrovsky" A.S. Pushkin. Vladimir Dubrovsky refers to his fortress. His appeal is a deceic character, because, being a landowner, he felt responsible for his peasants, whom he in essence throws.
6. Read the poem of the Russian poet of the XX century Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva and

answer the following questions.
a) Explain why children consider themselves "kings" at twilight?

b) How does the room space change during twilight and why is the room filled with fears?

c) What's the "last battle" can we talk in the poem?

e) Find the word in the text of the poem that is used today in another grammatical form.
In the hall
Over the world of evening visions

We, children today, kings.

Long shadow descend,

Burn outside the window lights,
Darkens the high hall

Mirrors leave ...

Not Medilim! Minute came!

Someone goes out of the corner.
We are two over the dark piano

Bowed and stealing horror.

Wrapped my mother's shawl

Pale, do not dare to sigh.
Let's see what is going on

Under the canopy enemy darkness?

Darker than before, their faces -

Again the winners we!
We are the chains of mysterious links,

We do not fall the Spirit in the fight,

Last close battle,

And the dark will end in power.
We are older for that despise

What are boring and simple their days.

We know, we know a lot

What they don't know!
1908-1910

(25 points; from 0 to 5 points for the answer to each of the questions)
7. Below are rhymes taken from the poem of the Russian poet M. Yu. Lermontov. Try to compose your own poem using the predetermined rhymes.
hardening - Dremucky

birth - Doubt

wrap - silent

crazy - universe
(from 0 to 10 points)

6th grade

1. Name writers who created autobiographical works with the word "childhood" in the title (at least 5 authors)
(5 points; 1 point for each named work with an indication of the author) "Childhood" N.G. Garina-Mikhailovsky, "Childhood" L.N. Tolstoy, "Childhood" M. Gorky, "Childhood Nikita" A.N. Tolstoy, "Early Childhood" V.G. Korolenko and others.
2. Name the writer in question in the above description.
He disappointed his parents and did not become the builder of lighthouses, but the sea forever became the main place of its novels; painful since childhood, he did not attend school, but learned to dream and fantasy; Having loved the woman, he traveled to America, almost dying on the road; He wrote his most famous novel thanks to the game with a child for whom a certain map drew; In addition to adventures, he attracted fiction and mystic; It is buried on Samoa Island in the Pacific, and his poem is knocked out on the gravestone.
(2 points) R.L. Stevenson
3. What an episode of Russian history A.S. Pushkin in the story "The blizzard" calls "Time is unforgettable, the time of glory and delight"? Explain why.
(5 points; 2 points, if the historical event is simply called) the events of the Patriotic War of 1812, since Russia's victory over Napoleonic France has awaited national self-consciousness; The opposition to the French united representatives of all classes: nobility, merchants, simple people, united the efforts of the regular army and partisan movement; In an environment of Russian officers, special heroic ethics was formed, which led to the emergence of the Decembrist movement.
4. O KOM A.S. Pushkin wrote in his poems like this:
but) "My first friend, my friend is invaluable"

b) "He took Paris, he founded a lyceum"

in) "My dove is mine"
(3 points; on the score for each correct answer)
a) Pushchin (poem "My first friend, my friend is invaluable ...")

c) Nanny Arina Rodionovna ("Nyan")
5. Name the author and work, whose heroes swam on these ships:
a) "Nautilus"

b) "Secret"

(4 points; 2 for each correct answer)

a) Captain Nemo (Roman J. Verne "Twenty Thousand Lea under water")

b) Gray (tale A. Green "Scarlet Sails")
6. Bring one line from poems in which the word is used Moscow(at least 3 examples)
(6 points; 2 points for each example) "Moscow, as much in this sound ...", "No, I didn't go Moscow for him with a guy ...", "Napoleon was waiting for the last happiness of Mosquito Kneopreclained ..." (and . With. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"), "Tell me, uncle, because not a gift Moscow, a breakdown by fire, the Frenchman is given?" (M.Yu. Lermontov "Borodino"), "Moscow, Moscow! .. I love you as a son ..." (M.Yu. Lermontov), \u200b\u200betc.
7. Read the poem of the Russian poet of the XIX century A.A. Feta and answer the following questions.
A.A. Fet
On the ship
Fly! Foggy lard

Earth from my eyes runs.

Under the unusual stop

Boiling white geroid

Element alien tremble.
Trembling and heart, chest snapped;

In vain sea distance light,

The soul in that circle has already entered,

When invisible power

Her unilles fell.
It seems to be fading in

That day when without a ship

Meutive in the ocean

And will disappear in the fog

For me the birthplace.
1856 or 1857.

a) What is the image of the sea appears in poem?

b) What feelings is experiencing a lyrical hero? What is worried about?

c) what means is the image of the road, the rapid path?

d) the symbol of what is the image of the "ocean"?

e) How is the mood of the poem?

8. Soch the poem using the following rhymes:
sea - fat

kasaneye - Rostin

sailors - Albatrosse

loss - Winged
(10 points)

7th grade

1. About the work of which Russian writer there is a speech in the given passage from the book of Yuri Ayhenwald? Justify your answer, explaining that it was helped you to guess the name of the writer.
"The terrible fairy tales of life told us ... because the life itself is terrible, as a terrible appeared ..." The illuminated church at night, with a dead body and without the soul of people, "the church, the house is unnecessary, the area of \u200b\u200bemptiness. And perhaps, scarets everything empty, which is not afraid of nature, and is it really terribly in the world, that funny people, the ghosts have a soul, not filled out, the soul is dead? From funny to scary - one step. "
(5 points; 2 points, if the name of the writer) N.V. will be called. Gogol. The student must indicate allocations to the works of N.V. Gogol in the given quotation, call these works.
2. Final of which work A.S. Pushkin begins with a line: "Passed a hundred years"? What has changed during this time in the space described?
(5 points; 2 points, if the work is simply called) A.S. Pushkin "Poltava"
"It took a hundred years - and that remains

From strong, proud of these husbands,

So full of passion will? "
The answer should include reasoning about the power of the time, not sparing the heroes of the story, but the preserved memory of the acts of Peter the Great
3. Name the time and historical events described in the following works: "Taras Bulba" N.V. Gogol, "Dog's Heart" MA Bulgakova, "Three Musketeer" by A. Duma, "Tuchka Golden", A.I. Popular.
(8 points; 2 points for each answer)

Taras Bulba - Kon. XVI - beginning XVII century National struggle of Ukraine against Polish dominion.

"Dog's heart" - 20 g. XX. The first years of Soviet power

"Three Musketeer" - the beginning of the XVII century. The time of the reign of Louis XIII and Cardinal Richelieu, the completion of religious wars, the capture of the Guenota fortress of La Rochelle.

"Tuchka Golden overwhelmed" - Stalinist relocation of peoples 30-40 years of the XX century, the beginning of the Second World War

4. What kind of writer and what book are we talking about in the described description?
Born in the poor family, he could not break out of poverty; Having reconciled into the soldiers, he took part in the famous battle with the Turks and was injured, paralyzed by hand; Capped to Algerian pirates, was redeemed only after 5 years; becoming a tax collector, was accused of an embezzlement of saline money and was thrown into prison, where he wrote his most famous work; Having learned that some Anonymous wrote the continuation of his novel, he wrote the second part; To date, this work is the most translated book after the Bible; There are still no disputes, whether it is a piece of a parody of a knight romance or not.
(2 points) M. Cervantes
5. What is korera? Give examples (at least 3).
(5 points; 2 For the wording of the term and one for each example), the definition of Khora is in any dictionary of literary terms.
6. Make a literary analysis of the poem of the Russian poet of the XX century A.A. Akhmatova, which is part of the poetic cycle "Secrets of Crafts". When analyzing, answer the following questions.
a) How does the poet understand?

b) What emotions are associated for an artist with inspiration?

c) why the lack of inspiration is worse than death?

e) Explain how you understand the meaning of the name of the poem.
Last poem
One, as if by someone alarmed thunder,

With the breath of life breaks into the house,

Laughs, throat trembles,

And spin, and applies.
Other, in the midnight known silence,

I do not know where to steal me

From the mirror looks empty

And something murms sternly.
And there are such: the intention of the white day,

As if almost seeing me,

Flowing on white paper

As a pure source in the ravine.
And here: the secret wanders around -

Not sound and not color, not color and not sound, -

Bope, changing, goes,

And in the hands of alive is not given.
But it's! .. Blood drank on the drip,

As in his youth, the evil girl is love.

And, I do not like a word,

Silence was happening again.
And I did not knew the tough trouble -

Gone and traces stretched out

To some extreme edge,

And I without him ... dying.
December 1, 1959.
(25 points; 5 points for the answer to each of the questions)
7. Write a poem using the following rhymes:
mystery - by chance

anxiety - threshold

gate - torture

urban - Lyuda
(10 points)

8th grade

Composition	Genre	Author
Golden Pot
"Undertaker"
Tartuf
"White Nights"
"Oliver Twist"
"Demon"
"Tuchka Golden Opened"
"Lord of the Flies"
"The Divine Comedy"

Genre:1. Philosophical poem in three parts. 2. Roman with anti-nightopia elements. 3. Military Tale. 4. Romantic poem. 5. Roman education. 6. Sentimental novel 7. Classic comedy 8. The tale from the back cycle. 9. Romantic fabulous story.
1. U. Golding 2. M. Yu. Lermontov 3. Dante Aligiere 4. A.S. Pushkin 5. J. B. Moliere 6. E.T.A. Hoffman 7. Ch. Dickens 8. F.M. Dostoevsky 9. A.I. Pom
(18 points; on the score for each correct answer)

Composition	Genre	Author
Golden Pot	9	6
"Undertaker"	8	4
Tartuf	7	5
"White Nights"	6	8
"Oliver Twist"	5	7
"Demon"	4	2
"Tuchka Golden Opened"	3	9
"Lord of the Flies"	2	1
"The Divine Comedy"	1	3

It is no secret that far from every mirror reflects on a 100% appropriate feature picture. I do not mean mirrors curves that can distort the reality beyond recognition. Probably, each of us noticed that reflected in some mirrors, we look almost perfect. In most cases, the mirror remains impartial and demonstrates us the usual reflection. But there are such mirrors, to watch in which is one frustration. It is worth saying that even experts recommend when choosing a mirror to pay attention to the fact, do you like yourself in reflection. Otherwise, it is recommended to choose another option. What does our reflection depend on? From where we hang the mirror, from its quality or room lighting? Perhaps there are some other factors that make mirrors so different? The mystical side of this issue will not be considered, we will be confronted by the usual everyday problem, how to choose a mirror, so that the reflection pleased or, at least, did not grieve the owner?

First of all, we will understand what kind of mirror products today exist. In general, the mirrors are divided into two main types with aluminum coating and silver coated. The latter are characterized by a high reflection coefficient and differ intensity. In the room with high humidity it is recommended to acquire just such mirrors. In addition, they are more durable and, as a result, are much more expensive. Also, the mirrors differ in the scenery. They are matte, color and colorless. Colorless (silver) mirrors Provide perfect reflection without refractions and distortion. Color, in turn can be gold, bronze, gray, green and blue. A certain color of the mirror is attached to the manufacturing process, for this, the necessary "dyes" are added to the cloth. Such mirrors serve as a decorative element, since when the color is reflected in them will be distorted. Matte mirrors (Satinat) There are colorless and tinted. They are very comfortable in care, since the fingerprints remain on their surface. Such mirrors are in demand when making doors wardrobes.

Why is the reflection of Shalit?

One of the common causes of the distortion of the mirror reflection is an uneven mirror layer. If this condition is not observed in the manufacture of the mirror, then looking into it at different angles, we will receive a distorted image. Therefore, when choosing a mirror on the uniformity of the mirror layer, pay attention first.

Proper placement of the mirror also affects the quality of reflection. If you do not adhere to verticality, the reflection will be somehow distorted. In addition, lighting is of great importance. There is the following rule: both artificial and natural color, falling on the mirror surface, should be dissolved evenly. Probably, many noticed how the "pale kind" we have if the lighting falls on the mirror on the side or straight.

Different with noticeable distortions also reflect colored mirrors. Many centuries ago, Venetian masters found a secret that allowed their mirrors to become the most sought-after and expensive at that time in the world. By adding gold and bronze into reflecting formulations, they received mirrors, reflected in which items and people looked more beautiful than in reality. Such mirrors were in the literal sense by weight of gold. Their cost was equated with the value of a small maritime vessel or even estate. Modern mirror production has its secrets, but takes into account the experience of predecessors. To date, the Venetian mirror is a term that implies several manufacturing technologies using sheets of gravity. Used mainly in the interior decor. The ability of gold and bronze mirrors to make the room more sunny and "warm", and people reflected in them, more beautiful, tanned and well-groomed, is widely used today. Such mirrors are often installed in beauty salons, solariums, etc. Blue mirrors are used in the interiors of the pools, where they successfully create the appropriate mood atmosphere.

News Course News or Downion!

Mirror production technology does not stand still, but in addition to this, completely unique inventions appear. So, ten years ago, a very unusual mirror was invented by the Japanese engineer Kandji. The uniqueness of the invention is that it demonstrates not a mirror, but a direct display of the object. Everyone is well known that the reflection in the usual mirror changes: right with the left, and vice versa. There is even a term "mirror reflection" indicating this property of the mirror. Here we see reflection without this habitual distortion for all of us. In a new mirror, a person sees himself in the same way as others see him. For this Kitamura assembled a kind of aquarium with a triangular cross section and filled it with water. The two walls of this device are ordinary mirrors, which are connected at a right angle reflective surfaces inside, and the third wall is made of transparent glass. This glass is the front of the mirror of the Kitamura, which gives the "non-sensitive" reflection of people and items located in front of him. The essence of this invention is a consistent double reflection of objects. Watching such a mirror is more than unusual, since the established habit of responding is disturbed. According to Knezi Kitamura, such a mirror will be useful, for example, for athletes or actors. To be honest, the wrong "wrong" mirror is quite difficult to imagine. The very habit of mirror reflection in us was rooted.