Usually we dedicate the heading "10 unknowns", which comes out on the site site every Monday, forgotten and little-known works of art stored in the meetings of Moscow museums, or non-obvious masterpieces presented in the expositions of temporary exhibitions. But in some cases, we collect guides for you on the virtual museum of one artist or direction in art to tell about the brightest or unusual masterpieces of world culture in different ends of the world.
Diego Rivera. Self-portrait for Irena Rich. 1941.
On December 8, it turned 130 years since the birth of Diego River (1886-1957), the most famous Mexican artist, the husband of Frida Kalo and a convinced Communist. About the work of a brilliant master - in the new material heading "10 unknowns".
Diego Rivera. House over the bridge. 1909.
Diego Rivera - Mexican painter, monumentalist, schedule, husband Frida Calo (twice), lover of all Mexico, communist, revolutionary, cubist, symbolist, expressionist and one of the largest artists of the 20th century. In Russia, it is not so widely represented: everything that knows about him is most often reduced to the history of his relationship with Frieda.
The earliest works that Rivera wrote at the age of 18-25 became the continuation of the traditions of classical European painting. Landscapes in the spirit of Cezanne, still lifes, resembling Matisse, - all this spoke about the close acquaintance of the artist with the French painting of the modern period.
Diego Rivera. Breton girl. 1910.
Rivera was familiar with the works of old masters: a portrait of a Breton girl and a number of other portraits are close in their spirit to work, for example, Jan Vermeer. They are easy to imagine in one row with the famous "girl with pearl earring" or "thrush", despite the fact that these paintings shares almost 300 years. Rivera easily imitates traditions and enriches them with modern Impressionistic techniques. Please note how the face or clothing of the girl is squeezed and texture: Diego has mastered the achievements of Monet and Man.
Diego Rivera. Portrait of Adolf Best Mogar. 1913.
Just a few years will pass, and Rivera will rise in one row with Pablo Picasso, overlapping the history of impressionism. The period of passion from the Cubism in the work of the Mexican artist was short-lived - he lasted only two or three years. Rivera quickly mastered the manners of avant-garde masters, reached perfection in their interpretation and, realizing that it was exhausted for himself to the means of their artistic expressiveness, passed to the next style or direction. He always went eagerly to new, but Picasso became a real discovery for him.
Diego Rivera. Portrait of two women. 1914.
The first acquaintance with the Cubism, rather, pushed River from such painting: he liked composite techniques, but he did not accept the destruction of the subject. In earlier work, we see how holistic, voluminous and textured, it depicts visible forms, the cubists were divided into fragments. Rivera begins to intently study the works of Picasso and George Marriage, the founders of the direction, as well as the main manifests of cubist painting, and gradually understands that everything that seemed to him sometime chaos is a consistent logic. Not in vain and Diego and the cubes were repelled from the discoveries of Cezanna: Picasso took the next step in the analysis of the form, and the river had to obediently follow him.
Diego Rivera. Triumph revolution. 1926.
A huge part of the works of River is devoted to political topics. Rivera and Frida Calo were the Communists, actively advocated not demonstrations, met with Russian emigrants: it is known that Leo Trotsky lived in their home. In the work of River, this topic often crossed with national motifs and religious motifs and images, gossy into single complex plots. The characters of the "Triumph of Revolution" paintings distribute food, feed children and women. Rivera places the wheel right behind the head of the character, which is depicted on the left. Of course, this is not a nimble in the literal sense of the word, but no detail in the paintings of River is random.
Diego Rivera. Banquet Wall Street. 1928.
Like any communist, Rivera was criticized capitalism. He created a whole series of paintings, blameing flavors of society. Among them - "Night of the rich", "Night of the poor", "Death of capitalist" and "Banquet Wall Street". These works on the composition are built equally: a long vertical format, a narrow, close space of the picture and from above - the slogan written on the red ribbon framing the image inscribed in the arch. On the "banquet", all guests drink champagne, sitting under a huge bank safe. Through the entire table, the symbolic golden lived (by the way, the veins and blood vessels, connecting people, were one of the main motives in the works of Frida Calo), and right in front of the audience, in the center of the foreground, there is a table lamp in the form of a statue of freedom, symbolizing America.
Diego Rivera. Hands of Dr. Moura. 1940.
Dr. Moore from Los Angeles, friend River, presented him with this picture. This is not a traditional portrait: on canvas depicted hands of a doctor with a scalpel, cutting a tree. If you look, instead of a tree it is easy to see a female figure, and its roots resemble blood vessels. At the bottom of the paintings on the ribbon there is an inscription: "These are the hands of Dr. Clarence Mura from Los Angeles, from California. They cut a tree of life so that she is updated and not died. Drew Diego Rivera in 1940." Thanks to this signature, a deep symbolism of depicted is understood: the doctor cuts the umbilical umbilical at the birth of a new life. Such a canvas could well write Frida - it was quite in her spirit. It is also known that Rivera considered himself an inspirer and teacher Kaoll.
Diego Rivera. Portrait of Natasha Imphang-Gelman. 1943.
Frida was the main love of River. They married twice, and their brown southern temperatures led to such quarrels and scandals that all Mexico knew. Nevertheless, Rivera never wrote her portraits: he portrayed hundreds of simtors in his cancons, but she was never. Maybe it was a sign of special respect. In this portrait there is an interesting detail: Diego loved White Calla very much and often portrayed them in the paintings.
Diego Rivera. Sleepiness about Sunday Day in Alameda Park. 1948.
The picture "Sleep about Sunday Day in the Alamed Park" is dedicated to the traditional Mexican holiday - the Day of the Dead. The multifigure composition includes a huge number of portraits of contemporaries, representatives of the Mexican elite in the front dresses and poor languages, and in fact, all the layers of Mexican society. The main part of the work that reveals the whole essence of what is happening is the figure in a mask resembling a skull, - the so-called mask of Catherine. This character was invented by the Mexican artist José Guadalupe Posad in 1913 and became the central hero of folk festivities.
Diego Rivera. May demonstration in Moscow. 1956.
Diego died in 1957. He worked until the last day, resurrect and embody his long-standing plans. One of the last large works was the "May demonstration in Moscow". The artist came to the capital twice - in 1928 and 1956. In the first visit, he meets the Soviet photographers and artists, reads lectures in the Comacademia, participates in the planning of cities and the development of household items, signs manifests.
On May 2, 1928, he hastily leaves the USSR, leaving notepads with sketches and sketches. The true reasons for the emergence of the artist remained unknown, but in 1929 he came out of the Mexican Communist Party and took a tough antistali position, while remaining categorical anti-capitalist. The painting "May demonstration" of Diego Rivera is accurate and recognizable depicts the angle of the Kremlin and the historical museum, the Cathedral of Vasily of the Blessed and Mausoleum of Lenin. At the same time, the demonstration itself is rather the impression of the seen: millions of people merge into a single stream flowing to the Red Square.
Diego Rivera and his twin brother Carlos was born in good secured family in northwest Mexico in a small town of Guanajuato December 8, 1886. Carlos died at the age of 2, Diego was the only child in the family. Father is contradictory. At the age of 3 years, Diego began to draw, but displeased work in albums, he moved to the walls. Instead of punish it, parents made the board and gave chalk, subsequent and canvas in the use of a young artist.
Mother Diego, Maria Bargroundos, which Diego called "diminutively, almost in childish, with big innocent eyes", Mountains in connection with deathson to overcome depression, began to actively learn obstetrics, forgetting about the little Diego. During this time, the state of the health of Diego suffered greatly, he fell ill rickets, which led to the deformation of the skeleton.
Diego's relatives were sent to live in the mountains with his nanny Anthony, Indian. " Visually for the artist She was ideal indian womanand I drew it many times in memory in my long red bathrobe and blue scarf ". Diego called her Skarharka, she used Herbs and rituals to heal it and allowed him to wander through the forest. It was because of her Diego created many paintings with the image of indigenous peoples.With ten years, he began to study painting, surprising teachers with a non-degree attitude towards creativity and undoubted talent. At the beginning of the twentieth century, receiving scholarship from the Academy of Arts in Mexico City, Diego went to continue education in Europe. In 1896, he entered the Academy San Carlos, where he received 30 pesos a month from the governor.
In 1904. mexican artist returned from mine trips in Europe. Europe began the beginning of the last century it was difficult to surprise talents, but Rivera burst into art rapidly and violently, plunging into painting as in the next love romance. But this novel was exceptional for him, as she lasted all his life. In Europe, he compiled not only wisdom of painting, but also the art of female clips. Friends, and among them were artists Picasso, Reyes, Modigliani, Writer Ehrenburg, Terrorist Savinkov, gave a nickname "cannibal", hinting at his ability to literally absorb women, and not frivolous appeals, and the secular dives held in life and creating themselves The name is your own talents. This is an original artist Maria Vorobyeva-St Balskaya, and the star of Maria Felix, and many others. At the same time, he managed to marry at least famous women in parallel.
The outstanding Mexican artist of Diego Rivera became famous not only for his paintings, but also with stormy love novels. He loved his life in all its manifestations, and also - he passionately loved women who used the continued success. He literally enveloped women by charm, which always expressed rapidly and emotionally. And at the same time, to call him the handsome would not have risked the most passioned lets.
Diego loved to compare women with snow-white calves - slender, fragrant, breathable freshness of sunny morning. The adoration of this flower he splashed into his canvas. Has the huge bouquets of White Call, he emphasized the darkness of temperamental mexican and the exquisite beauty of languid secular beauty. 
On his canvases, other flowers rarely appeared, but Calla are always abundant, women literally immerse in their huge white buds.But the first official wife was an artist Angelina Belov.
Angelina Petrovna Belova (1890-1969) - Russian artist. From 1909, he lived in Paris, where he became close to the artistic boom. In 1911 he married Diego Rivera. Their marriage lasted until 1918. In the 20s, Belova works in the genre of book graphics, illustrates the "fairy tales" of Charles Perp, "French feces with the app of the flowerfish of St. Francis "F. Ramma," Russian girl Arina "K. Anhe, draws for MOND magazine. Her book graphics was exhibited at the exhibition "Luxury Book" in 1923-1927 at the Museum of the Book in Brussels. The last years of life spent in Mexico. Both were with the son who dies from the influenza in the fall of 1918. "She gave me everything that a woman can give a man. In turn, he received all the suffering from me who man can causing a woman. "
Angelina Belova loved Diego all his life, she wrote to him letters.In every letter - a huge love for Diego, memories of life together, about their dead sons, about their thoughts, feelings and creativity.
In letters, she often said that it was omehicanized that now Diego is her God, Mexico is her homeland, and Spanish is her native language. Many years live in Paris, she dreamed of going to Mexico. And she did it. She came to Mexico when she was 45 and lived there until the end of his life, up to 89 years old .... and that when they with Diego accidentally met somewhere in Mexico City, he pretended to not recognize her ...
While Rivera was married to Belova, he met with another Russian artist by name Marerevna (Maria Vorobyova-St Balskaya ). A year after the death of the son , Marenen has a girl from him named Marika (which later became film actress and dancer). In the same year he met the artist David Alfaro Sicairosa And he studied with him frescoes in Italy. Diego went to Mexico in June In 1921, promising Marerevna, that will send money to the child, he sent alimony sometimes, but never admitted his daughter ....
Maria Vorobyeva-Stebalskaya was the daughter of the Jewish actress Roganovich, who was married to some kind of Vorobyov. She was born in Cheboksary, in Chuvashia, in 1892. At the age of two years, it almost adopted the Polish aristocrat Bronislav St Balsky, an engineer who came to work under the contract. Perhaps he was her a real father, nor a mother, nor Vorobyov she remembered. Stebalsky takes the child and translates into the Caucasus, where Mary's childhood passed. Obtaining a certificate about the end of the school turned out for her a real tragedy. She returned home in tears: why is it written in the certificate that she is Vorobyeva when she is stable? Father with sadness told her the girl "biography", noting that it was not officially able to adopt her, because he is Catholic. For eighteen years, Maria leaves one to Moscow, visits the school of decorative arts, meets artists. Then her path lies through Rome and Capri Island to ParisThe squeezing name of Marenen nineteen-year-old Maria Sparrow-St Balskaya came up with Maxim Gorky. The girl traveled in Italy and was on Capri. "No one will never be such a name, be proud and justify it. But you should not go to Paris, there you will be angry, "the proletarian writer rushes a young artist.
Portrait of Marevna Work Modigliani.
At Capri Marerevna lived as many as six stormy months, and it was the beginning of her long life in emigration. Behind the shoulders were Cheboksary, where she was born, Tiflis, which graduated from art school, then a year of study at the Stroganovsky school in Moscow. But the real art life began with her only with the arrival in Paris, when she settled on Montparnasse. Maria Vorobyova-St Balnaya for a long time was almost unknown in Russia. Only after the exhibition in the Tretyakovka in 2004 and the publication of the memoirs, her name was heard, and the paintings began to be successfully sold at auctions, although they were not expressed to those million dollars in which her friends were assessed. Later, a significant part of her works was bought at the artist of the Museum of Contemporary Art "Pallee" in Geneva.
One of the most attractive habitats of the French bohemian of the beginning of the twentieth century was "hive", the famous squat of Paris artists. These were the workshops, which in 1902 made a sculptor Alfred Bush on Montparnasse. Basically, there lived people from Eastern Europe, made to artists. Among those who became then famous can be called Soutine, Stegal, Paskina, Tsadkina ... Everything was here - from Picasso to Hemingway and Eisenstein. Mark Chagall subsequently recalled: "A variety of artistic bohemians lived here. In the workshops, the Russians were sobbed by the offended simulator, the Italians sang under the guitar, the Jews were rooted, and I sat alone, in front of the kerosene lamp. The circle of paintings, canvas - actually not canvas, and my tablecloths, sheets and night shirts, cut into pieces and stretched on the subframes ... You could either die in the "ulle" or to die from there with the famous. "
Once in Paris, Marenen with his head plunged into a decorated life. In the afternoon, she went to classes to the Russian Academy of Maria Vasilyeva, as well as at the Academy of Zuloagi and Kolyasarsi, and the evening spent surrounded by their friends-artists, as well as writers Maximilian Voloshin and Boris Savinkov. Paris of that time is full of legends and stories that were created literally in front of her eyes. It could not not be awesome a young person. Her friends were Him Sutin and Amadeo Modigliani.
Modigliani smoked hashish, undressing doggings in front of pale Englishwomen, showing his naked body: "Look at a magnificent sample of rebirth," they were yelling and drove.
In his memoirs in the 50s, she released three books in a row - Marerevna described how after the next night orgy, one of the girls undressing doggings and climbs under the icy stream of the fountain. Everyone is delighted with this picture, shout "Hurray!" And the girl is explained in love. "In the golden light of the ascending Sun, the pink-redhead, with long-lying hair, the immortal Venus was born in jets of water." "Then I learned," Marevna wrote, "as a result of this anticipation, the girl grabbed the inflammation of the lungs and a few days later died in the hospital." There were poverty and illness by the back of bohemian life. On January 24, 1920, Modigliani died from tuberculous meningitis, his beloved, distraught from grief, in the ninth month of pregnancy jumped out of the window of the fourth floor. On the eve of the venice, he he himself in the workshop always doubting in his talent Jules Paskin ...
One of the closest friends of the Marevna became Haim Sutin. He admired her with his unconditional genius, crazy brilliance in his eyes. Sometimes he had no pieces of bread, he knocked to the neighbors and then stuck in the workshop again, with love and passion drawing his paintings. Maximilian Voloshin cared for her almost as a father, there was a lot of touching and gentle. "Voloshin was low, dense and wide ... - wrote Marerene. - His head looked lionana, while Ehrenburg's head reminded me of a big monkey ... When they marched together down the street of De La Gaet ..., someone, looking at them, said: "Hey, look at these two big Monkeys! " And if there was another Diego River with them and I myself, it was possible to hear from street boys: "Hey, guys! Yes, here the circus appeared! Two monkeys, a thick elephant and a maiden from the "Three Musketeers"! "
Diego Riverur Marevna first saw in a cafe on Montparnasse. His glory as an artist was still far ahead, but as long as he was famous for his temperament and love for the female floor, for which Boris Savinkov gave him a nickname "cannibal", hinting for the ability to "absorb" the female sex. Ilya Ehrenburg wrote: "In 1917, Rivera unexpectedly became interested in the marine, with which he had long been familiar. The characters they had similar - hot-tempered, childish, sensitive. Two years later, the Marenen was born daughter Marik ... "Marevna lived with Diego for six years while he did not go to Mexico and did not marry there on Artist Freeda Kalo. Rivera was a convinced communist. In 1927, he even came to the USSR, where he met Stalin and later turned out to be drawn into an adventure with the murder of Trotsky. It was he and Frida Calo called Trotsky in Mexico and provided him to life his parents in the suburbs of the capital Koyoacan. In the house of River and there was the first attempt on Trotsky, organized by another Diego River, also by the artist monumentalist David Sicairos. Rivera himself was then in the United States. "He was never constant in his actions, inhabit the lust and passion for women," says Marevna, "even from the communist party, he twice came out, returning there with repentant letters."
Mary's daughter.
Marika was born in Paris on November 13, 1919.Dee never publicly recognized the daughter also because Picasso forced him to jealous, stroking the stomach of the marine during pregnancy and speaking to him:
"It's not yours, it's mine."
Left alone, Marerene was in a very difficult position. Pictures bought infrequently. And then Marerevna decided to try himself in a weaving decorative belts and shale. She collaborated with the fashion house of IPE, created by the princess Yusupova, made sketches for the Pouare field and even showed them at exhibitions. In 1925, at the exhibition of decorative and applied arts in Paris, she put them in the Soviet pavilion. "The Russian Shawl Marlevines unite their wildness, primitiveness and tremble ... In the creations of the marine, there is something spring, spontaneous, free and frank, which pleases ...", wrote in 1927 the Paris fashion magazine L'Ar Vivant.
She returned to painting, and in 1936, the Moodigaliani opener Leopold Zborovski organized one of the first large exhibitions for her. In 1948, she together with her daughter moved to England. Another interest in it was caused by her memoirs in which she described in detail the life of Paris Bohemia. Many of her stories have become cult, and her paintings, not even as masterpieces, got into the collection of the world's largest museums.
In the later canvases, she returned to draw portraits of his friends of youth, and they are perceived in many ways exactly as a tribute to love this period of artistic history.
Portrait of the wife of the artist Frida Kalo.
He was not so close to any of the favorite women ...
But the main thing in the life of the artist was not a woman, but creativity. He managed to work in different styles, in his youth even "indulged" by the Cubism.
At the beginning of the 20s of the last century, it was included in the state program to decorate the frescoes of public buildings in Mexico, creating its own style of monumental painting. During this period, he entered the Communist Party, considering that his art directly appeals to the people. By and large, it was so, in his frescoes he portrayed a national life, a difficult work of ordinary people, the struggle of Mexicans for independence.
In the center of the composition, of course, Frida Kalo
By the beginning of the 30s, the artist already had international recognition, and soon he was invited to paint public buildings in the United States. In 1931, his major personal exhibition took place in the New York Museum of Contemporary Art. Especially popular among Americans used landscapes, portraits and pictures dedicated to the life of the Indians. From this time, the exhibition Raver began to pass often, invariably causing great interest to the public. It so happened that a significant number of works by the Communist artist was in museums and private collections in the United States. The rich fans of painting were little interested in the ideological preferences of River, they saw only a talented painter in it.
The performance of the artist was amazing. He found time for everything - and creativity, and public work, and pedagogical activities. Rivera seriously engaged in the preparation of national artists, being a dean of the Mexican Painting School. It is said that in relation to the student, he behaved completely defilmed.
The artist Diego Rives died on November 25, 1957 in Mexico City, three years after the death of his wife Frida Kalo. The creative legacy of an outstanding masters is enormous, these are picturesque canvas, drawings and large-scale frescoes, decorating buildings in several countries. Interest in his work does not fade, in museums before his paintings are always crowded. Among other works of painter, the constant interest of the audience is caused by the canvas with unnaturally large snow-white calves, which always adoredartist.
The outstanding Mexican artist of Diego Rivera was famous not only by his brilliant talent of the Muralist, political views, but also with stormy love adventures, which still go legends. Enveloping women with their extraordinary charm, Diego literally absorbed them with her stormy passion. Many of his "victims" were talented secular divas that have achieved success with their talents, and had enough well-known names.
Diego Rivera.
The Diego Rivera itself was clumsy, huge and crowd, with scattered eyes and eyebreaker. His handsome could not be called. But women always idolized. He won them with internal magnetism and wild passion, which simply boiled in it and destroyed female hearts.
And Diego often depicted himself in the form of a thick frog with someone's heart in hand. And somehow admitted: "The stronger I love women, the stronger I want to make them suffer." What was nosted by the temperamental mexican "Butaders" with his Paris-friendly paintings by Picasso, Reyes, Modigliani, writer Ereenburg. 
Self-portrait.
In his own work, Diego leaned over beautiful women, comparing them with white calons - "Slender, fragrant, breathable freshness of a sunny morning". The trunk attitude towards this flower he splashed on his picturesque creations. Huge bouquets of snow-white feces, he emphasized the dark skin of temperamental mexican women and the exquisite beauty of secular liones. On his canvas, they as if drowned in huge buds of charming colors. 
Callas
Angelina Belova - The first wife River
The first marriage of the young Mexican of Diego River was concluded on passionate love with the Russian artist Angelina Belana in 1911. "She gave me everything that a woman can give a man. In turn, he received all the suffering that man could cause a woman." Their relationships were filled with passion, wild jealousy, despair and even fights. They had a son who died of influenza in 1918. As a result, the spouses broke up, but Angelina continued to love Diego all his life. 
Angelina Belova.
Living in Paris, she dreamed of going to Mexico. Such a strong influence had Rivera on her. In letters, she often wrote a former husband that now Diego is her God, Mexico is her homeland, and Spanish is her native language. And at the 45th age, Angelina still moved to Mexico, and lived there until the end of his days. And one day, when they accidentally met in Mexico City, Diego did the sight - as if she did not recognize her ...
Maria Vorobyeva-stabelskaya on nicknamed "Marerevna"
Maria Sparrow-Stebalskaya (Marerevna). Self-portrait. (1929)
Because married in Angelina, a hot mexican fascinated another Russian artist on nicknamed Marevna, which 19-year-old Beauty came up with Maxim Gorky when meeting at Capri in honor of the fabulous sea princess. "No one will never be such a name, be proud and justify it. But you should not go to Paris, there you will be angry, "the young writer said the young artist then.
But Paris at the time was mysterious, complete legends and amazing stories that were created by contemporaries. And it all could not get into the young girl. She plunged into the bohemian life of the French capital with his head.
Having fallen in love with the young Marins, River literally struck his "sacrifice" pressure and passion. And when the artist realized that for mad Diego there were no moral prohibitions, she surrendered. And in his memoirs later wrote: "I felt a strange craving for this unusual person, in which the power of the genius and the weakness of the child was connected." 
Marika Rivera is Diego.
And one year after the death of the son of Diego, the Marenen had a daughter named Marik, who later became the famous film actress and dancer. But the father in humans never recognized the girl her daughter. The reason for this was a mad jealousy: Picasso, loved to undernger a friend, and a smooth rounded belly of Mary sentenced: "This is not yours - it is mine." What firmly swear by Mexican.
Soon, Diego throws his mistress with a child and leaves for her homeland, where he decides to start a new life. In memory of himself, he leaves the "fantastic bouquet of passions", in which everything was: crazy love, insults, wild jealousy. She is her scar on her neck from a knife.
"He was never constant in his actions, thicken lust and passion for women," he would write later Marrevna, "even from the Communist Party, he went twice, returning there with repentant letters."
Guadalupe Marin - the second wife River 
Guadalupe Marin. (1938).
Returning to Mexico, Rivera, inspired by the changes in the country after the revolution, enters the Mexican Communist Party. And begins work on his monumental works, which were subsequently called Murali.
And in 1922, he officially married the second time in Guadalupe Marin, a famous model and writer. Diego wrapped with passionate love for the conquer beauty of Mexican magnifier, the two daughters became the mother of his daughters. But in 1928 and this marriage collapsed. With this Guadalupe, I could not accept a long time, and for many years I reminded myself a Diego and his next wife.
Diego and Frida Calo: marriage elephant and dove 
Frida Calo and Diego Rivera.
By 1929, 43-year-old Diego met the main woman of his life - 22-year-old Mexican artist Frido Carlo. With one of his favorite women, Rivera was so close spiritually as with her. 
Frida Calo. Self-portrait.
His dove was not similar to "not one of the women whom he knew still. Neither Angelina with her pale, illuminated by the inner face of Slavs, nor on impulsive marinen, nor a sensual, unbridled magnifier Marin. This is a girlfriend from a space race Vasawonselos, and something she looks like Diego himself: in it, the carefree fun of the Indians and the sadness of methives are buggy, and the Jewish anxiety and the sensuality, which she inherited from the Father, is mixed. All these advantages of Young Frida and attracted Diego to it as a magnet. 
Portrait of Christina. (1928).
In 1939, a divorce happened, due to the intimate relationship of Diego with the sister Frida - Christina. After treason, she decided that he was also the right to love hobbies. And one of these hobbies was Lion Trotsky, settled in Mexico and his wife in 1937.
But already in 1940, Diego with Frieda again combined with marriage. Diego himself begged his wife to return home, agreeing on any conditions. And she put forward the requirement to conclude a marriage contract, where a complete refusal of intimate relations between spouses was provided. 
Diego and Frida.
This married couple had no children, the two pregnancies Frida ended with miscarriages. Together with Diego, they lived twenty-five years old.
Diego River and Maria Felix- legend Mexico 
Maria Felix.
Maria Felix - a famous actress Mexico called the "devourer of men's hearts". Men, being near her, lost their heads. Diego Rivera was passionately in love with the actress, and wrote a lot of her portraits. They rumored that they were lovers. And Frida sama asked Maria to marry Diego after her death. 
Maria Felix.
Maria Felix.
Emma Urtado - Last Wife River
Diego Rivera Y Emma Hurtado. | Photo: Mirfaces.com.
After the death of Frida Diego soon married again. His chosen was the mistress of the Emma Urtado art salon.
All his life of Rivera remained irrepressed Macho and Lovelace, changing all his wives with mistresses who gave birth to him of extramarital children.
Diego died at the age of 70, just for three years he already survived his dove - Frido. After a famous mexican left a huge heritage in art, culture and politics. He was not only a passionate lover of women, and the "fiery crusader of the brush."
This is a story about the grand scandal due to the similarity of one of the characters of the Great Fresco with Lenin's face. Even portrait similarity was enough for the fresco that people did not see. Fear of this face and the name makes the capitalists wake up in a cold sweat ... And you about the laid bomb under the building, called Russia ...
On the eighth of December 1886, the famous Mexican Monumental Artist Diego River was born. At the age of 3 years, Diego began to draw, but dissatisfied with the work in the albums, he moved to the walls. Instead of punishing him, the parents made the board and gave chalk. With ten years, he began to study painting, surprising teachers with a non-degree attitude towards creativity and undoubted talent. He passed a good school, studied at Mexico City at the Academy of San Carlos. Among his teachers there was a wonderful master of the landscape, one of the creators of national art, José Maria Velasco. A young artist continued to education in Europe. Until 1921, he lived mostly in Paris, but also in England, Italy, Spain, returned to the war-covered Mexico and again went to France.
Portrait of Diego River - Frida Calo
In Mexico in 1910, a revolutionary struggle began. Armed peasants opposed the dictatorship of the rich and priests, landowners who captured fertile land, against the dominance of foreign capitalists. The war was unusually stubborn and cruel. The reactionary military was talked, the American troops invaded the territory of Mexico twice. The bourgeoisie has changed the weapons against the peasant detachments, which were led by Francisco Francisco People's leaders and Emiliano Sapata. The rebels showed heroism and defeated wonderful victories. In February 1917, the Constitution was adopted. Part of the landlord land was handed over to peasants.
Rivera in 1921 returned to his homeland, and what is happening there is completely capturing it. The newly adopted progressive constitution, talented, initiative people in the leadership, fascinating undertakings in the field of culture and public education inspire creative youth. Schools and libraries are opening in Mexico, enthusiasts to teach children, artists also strive to enlighten the people. Art, understandable and close to ordinary people, is created, which carries the ideas of social liberation and the necessary knowledge, the walls of public buildings were presented. The interlacing of Renaissance and Mexican damns has become a feature of monumental painting. 
Triumph revolution. 1926.
In 1922, on the initiative of Sicairos in Mexico, an artistic association arises, which called himself "Revolutionary Syndicate (that is, by the trade union) of technicians and arts." In the same year, his leaders of River, Orosko and Sicaire were invited together with other artists to paint the old building of the National Preparatory School in Mexico City.
In the main work of the twentieth anniversary of the Ministry of Education in Mexico City - the artist resolutely moved to the technique of frescoes, powerful, generalized realistic images. In the first two years, he painted the courtyard of the Ministry, where a number of majestic labor scenes are represented in open gallery.
The painting of the Ministry of Education was completed when the Mexican reaction began an offensive for the democratic conquest of the revolution. Founding in 1924, the President of Calche set the task of destroying the created frescoes and prevent the emergence of new ones. Artists associated with the Communist Party and Revolutionary Syndicate were persecuted. Part of the paintings of Barbarian destroyed the gang of reactive youth, the Syndicate was dissolved. A period of long struggle began to preserve the traditions of revolutionary monumental painting. 
Capitalist's death 1928. Fragment of the Ministry of Education in Mexico City.
In 1927-1928, Diego Rivera arrived in the USSR. Here he found like-minded people and allies, became one of the founders of the "October" unification, where he collaborated with the artists of Dainekoy, Moor, architects of the brothers in spring, film director Eisenstein. Contact with the Soviet culture gave River new creative impulses.
Returning to Mexico, he took up his biggest work - the painting of the National Palace in Mexico City, begun in 1929 and ended in the 1950s. years. Frescoes that represent the centuries-old history of Mexico were performed. It is like a grand epic, a multi-way oratorio, in which the fates of the fate of the people who have long disappeared and now living peoples are intertwined. Reality and fantasy, archaeological and ethnographic details, folk fairy tales, people and deities are wangling into a single whole. 
Diego Rivera. Operation of Mexico by Spanish conquistadors. Fragment of the frescoes of the National Palace in Mexico City. 1929-1935
In the 1930s, Mexicans begin to leave in the United States, exhibitions are organized, such masters, such as José Clemente Orosko, Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Sicairos, receive orders for the creation of monumental paintings in San Francisco, Los Angeles, Detroit, New York and others cities. The representation of Mexican artists in America in those years was so wide that the informal name "Mexican invasion" was obtained.
At the personal invitation of Edsel Ford, the son of Henry Ford Diego Rivera goes to Detroit. In the Industrial Center of America, the artist receives an order for the fresco in the central courtyard of the Institute of Arts on the topic "Industry of Detroit", for the work on which Rivera is taken with pleasure and extreme interest: it studies technology at local plants, a device of modern conveyors, machines and giant machine-building equipment. It is curious that Henry Ford by the beginning of the 1930s had a reputation as an uncompromising anti-communist. In the period from 1929 to 1930, thousands of workers were dismissed from the Ford plant. Rivera arrived in Detroit a week after another major scandal with strikers. And despite this, the artist who brightly declares his position of the fighter for the rights of the proletariat takes an order and money from industrial magnate. The project in Detroit turned out to be not easy: a fragment of the frescoes with the plot of "vaccination" caused allusions to the traditional iconography of the Nativity of Christ, which provoked the real storm of protest - in the press and in churches - against Mural. Despite all the attacks, on the first day, the finished fresco came to see about 10 thousand people. Wide public resonance became part of the work itself and brought the city of Glory. Events in Detroit can be considered a rehearsal of the general battle. The real battle for the preservation of its work and the right to freedom of saying River was still to be survived. The next major project of the artist in the United States was the design of the main lobby of the central building of the Rockefeller Complex in New York. 
Diego Rivera. "Vaccination". Fragment of the frescoes "Detroit Industry"
Creating a monumental picturesque composition in the lobby of the main building of the complex - Radio Corporation of America (RCA, or 30 ROCK) was decided to entrust the Diego River, although other candidates were considered - Henri Matisse and Pablo Picasso. In response to the given theme "New Borders", the Mexican Murals offered a complex multi-digurized composition called "Man at a crossroads, looking at the hope of choosing a new and better future." The fresco was supposed to consist of three parts: Central Mural 5.85x12.5 m and two side - 5,10x3.25 m. The semantic and composite center was, according to the artist's idea, the figure of a worker controlling the element. As a result, Mural turned into a rich image of the world order, where two poles are the world capitalist and socialist - separated by ellipses filled with images representing macro and micromir. The revolutionary triad is a special place in the right-hand side of the central mural: the figures of the soldier, the peasant and the worker. Near the image of a festive demonstration on Red Square, figure of athletes, an abundance of red flags. In contrast to the invigorating scenes demonstrating the prosperous socialist reality, in the left side of the central composition - another picture. The world of capitalism in River is full of disasters: wars, chemical weapons, debauchery, illness, hunger and unemployment. The side parts of the peculiar triptych are devoted to the topics "Elimination of superstitions in the field of science" and "Death of Tirani". 
Diego Rivera. Sketch for the painting of the Rockefeller Center in New York. About 1932. Paper, temperatures, coal.
The solemn opening of the building and frescoes was planned on May 1, 1933. Shortly before the completion, Mural was a platform where the artist worked with his assistants, visits the reporterNew York World-Telegram Joseph Lilly. On April 24, 1933, his article with the calling heading "Rivera draws communist scenes, and John Rockefeller Jr. is paid by the score." According to evidence of the Assistants, River, in response to the publication, the artist for the sake of strengthening the controversy converts one of the central characters - a worker from a revolutionary triad is endowed with the devils of V.I. Lenin. The image of the leader of the Russian revolution in the center of the capitalist world and the symbol of his invisibility, in the RCA building, formally was the cause of the protracted conflict between Rockefellers and River. A few days after the newspaper hype, Nelson Rockefeller turned into a letter to the creator of conflicting Mural with a request to replace the image of Lenin to the generalized image of the working leader. To which Rivera put forward a counter offer - to leave Lenin and add Lincoln to the composition. This version of Rockefellers did not suit. After the accusations of the propaganda of communism and public unrest, the Rockefeller Center managers did not find anything better than to remove the Riverter from the work, and the unfinished fresco closes the protective screen from foreign eyes. On May 9, 1933, it became a peak of conflict, there was no access to the RCA building, the artist with assistants was bred from the site. Lucien Bloch, one of the river assistants, managed to take a photo of Murali in that condition, in which it was left in May 1933: this is the only reproduction of the work, on which today we can appreciate the composition, plot and content. 
Diego Rivera. Painting in the Hall of the Rockefeller Center
Rockefeller ordered to pay the Diego River part of the fee in the amount of 14 thousand dollars (later this money Murals will spend on creating a fresco "Portrait of America" \u200b\u200bin the New Worker "S School). An hour later, a spontaneous demonstration was gathered in support of the Mexican artist. Among the slogans sounded: "We want River!", "Save the Art of River!" The culprit of the dispute itself took an active part in the rallies, regularly appeared in the radio, the name of the artist filled all news posts for some time. New Yorktimes called Muralist's "Fire Crusader's Brushes". Along with the supporters of the artist, ideological antagonists express their position.
Against the background of the public discussion, which turned in the press and on the streets of the city, Abby and Nelson Rockefeller viewed the conservation of the frescoes of River outside the RCA BUILDING walls. The transfer of the wall with a colorful layer in fragments for constant storage in MOMA funds was technically impracticable. In February 1934, the fresco was destroyed. Izvestia soon reached Mexico City, where the author of work was at that time. "Cultural vandalism" - so characterized the actions of the Governor of Rivera, comparing what is happening with the burning of books by the Nazis. 
Diego Rivera. Fresco "Man managing the universe. Man in time machine. Man at a crossroads. " Palace of Fine Arts. Mexico City
In the same 1934, Diego River signed a contract with the Government of Mexico to create a fresco in the Palace of Fine Arts in Mexico City. In the new circumstances, the artist repeated with some changes to New York work (added to the composition of Marx, Engels, Trotsky, Loveston, Wolfe and others to the composition of Marx, Engels, Trotsky, Lovestone.
Parts of the frescoes of Diego Rivera. "Man managing the universe. Man in time machine. Man at a crossroads. " Palace of Fine Arts. Mexico City
Diego Rivera - Artist-painter and Mural, who wrote a lot of beautiful paintings and frescoes. He was engaged in politics and repeatedly visited the USSR, his friend with Lenin and Trotsky.
Biography
Diego Rivera Born on December 8, 1886 in the north-western part of Mexico. His family was known and provided. At the age of 10, the boy began to receive drawing skills at the Academy of Arts. Art immediately interested Diego, thanks to this he did progress. For excellent studies, the boy received a scholarship that allowed him to move to Spain. For a long timeDiego Rivera Traveled in Europe, receiving knowledge and gaining experience. Here the young man meets the famous artists, such as Picasso and Reyes.
Artist Diego Rivera Formed his style under the influence of various currents: modernism, classical European artistic art, cubism, Mexican artistic art.
Political activity
In 1922, Rivera begins to be interested in politics and enters into the Communist Party in Mexico, it even decides to go to the USSR. Here he takes an active part in the activities of the Association "October" and supports the Communists.
A few years later, the artist changes his views in favor of Trotskyism, but the murder of the founder of the flow makes him join the main course of Stalin.
Frida Kalo
Frida Kalo - so called the bride and the future wife of the famous artist. She was born in a simple Mexican family. Despite the serious illness (poliomyelitis), which Frida suffered in childhood, a fun temper and progress was its distinctive features. At 18, the girl enters the car accident and damages the ribs and the clavicle. A huge number of operations and a long period of recovery took many years and left a large imprint on her health. The girl was constantly forced to wear corset, as well as doctors said she could not have children. The sad event closer to her with the main passion of her life - painting. This passion and introduced a girl with a famous artist.
Personal life of a famous artist
The first spouse artist was Maryn's magnifier. Their marriage did not work out, and soon they divorced. At the time of dating with the future second wifeDiego Riveralready was an adult man and the artist. Moreover, he heard a big slave, despite the unattractive appearance. It was sufficiently heavy (more than 100 kg) and ugly. It was even compared with an elephant and toas. External disadvantages did not interfere with the river to enjoy great success in women. His sociability and charm bribed anyone.
Dating a couple occurred in the school yard, where the artist helped draw the walls. The girl decided to show him his works, as a result of their communication turned first into friendship, and soon Rivera asked the hands of a young girl. He was not embarrassed by her illness and the fact that she could not walk.
Family life
The newlywed character was hot, and disagreements often ended with quarrels. The young bride was never afraid to tell the spouse on the shortcomings in his works, which strongly offended her husband. He left, but always returned with gifts. Frida loved the decorations. It doesn't matter what it is: stones, glassor real diagrants.
Despite the Diagnosis delivered by Fride, the pair always dreamed of children. Three times Frida Kalo was pregnant, and she had miscarriages three times. The family did not despair, and soonDiego Rivera Decides to take away his wife in the US in order to undergo treatment there.
Life in America Frida did not like. The United States was surprised at its magnificence and indifference to others. Frida, who seen the wrongness of life, could not understand this. Here the woman transfers a severe disease that only reduces chances to get pregnant.
During this period, Diego Rivera drew a famous fresco for the Rockefeller Center, which depicted among other characters of Lenin. He joined the hands of the worker. Despite the requirement to replace the face of the Russian politician on the face of Stranger Rivera refused to change something. For his work, he did not receive a cue, and in 1934 the fresco was destroyed. The painter will later recreate his famous work in the Palace of Arts in Mexico.
Friendship with Trotsky and Family Destruction
In 1936, political situationin the USSR, forces Trotsky to run from persecution in Mexico. Here he finds a refuge in the house of an old familiar artist.Rivertsky and Trotsky very closely became true friends.
The family disorder occurred when Diego Rivera found out about his wife's novel and his close friend. Trotsky was fascinated by his friend's wife, but Frieda did not experience such strong feelings. She wanted to take revenge on his wrong husband. The political figure had to leave a friendly house, and the relationship of the pair began to worsen. Despite his constant treason, her husband could not forgive Frida deception.
Soon decide to part. During this period, Frida's health has only deteriorated. Several heavy operations transferredFrida. Diego Rivera I could not forget my spouse. Time and other relations could not kill feelings, and in 1940 they again marry. The disease was tormented by Fritis to the last days, and in 1954 she did not.
For his life, Frida wrotemany famous paintings, one of which was even placed in the Louvre.
Diego Rivera, paintings Which is known all over the world, without his beloved wife lived only three years. He died in Mexico, and buried him on the territory of the rotunda of famous creators.
