Today, aerated concrete is a very popular building material, and aerated concrete foam blocks are used not only for houses, but also for the construction of walls.

Aerated concrete is the most popular building material today, and not only walls are built from it, but also interfloor ceilings are erected.

Aerated concrete slabs are made of lightweight material, reinforced with reinforcing mesh, and for ease of installation they have a tongue-and-groove system.

Many manufacturers position aerated concrete floors as a universal building material, that is, suitable for the construction of private residential buildings, as well as administrative and industrial buildings. But most often, aerated concrete foam blocks are used specifically for residential buildings, both for construction and for flat and gable roofs. As a rule, when using aerated concrete floors, houses are built no higher than three floors.

Types of aerated concrete slabs

Based on the type of production, aerated concrete foam blocks are divided into two types: autoclave and non-autoclave. How are they different from each other?

Non-autoclaved aerated concrete is much preferable to autoclave in terms of price and quality.

1. During operation, floors made of autoclaved cellular aerated concrete begin to “age” immediately after installation, and “raw” ones only harden over time (this process can occur within 10 years). But this difference is smoothed out, because almost always there is plastering and finishing of both the interior and exterior walls of the house.
2. There is a significant difference in production technology: when producing an autoclave, the binder component is lime, and the material hardens under the influence of pressure and temperature. In simple terms, this process is most similar to ripening yeast dough. A concrete-sand mixture is poured into the prepared form, additional chemical reagents are introduced and the container is closed. Under the influence of temperature, the process of “raising” the concrete pad and hardening occurs. In non-autoclaved cellular aerated concrete, cement is the binding element, and the hardening process occurs naturally. Chemical substances whipped into foam are introduced into the mixture, due to which gas bubbles are formed.
3. Another difference is in the structure of these materials. An autoclaved aerated concrete foam block has a very uniform distribution of gas bubbles, while in non-autoclaved aerated concrete the number of bubbles increases closer to the top surface of the slab, since the gas tends upward during the curing process.

Benefits of use

The advantages of using aerated concrete blocks are that they have precise dimensions, which allows you to lay a perfectly flat ceiling.

1. The aerated concrete foam block has very precise dimensions, down to centimeters. This allows you to lay the ceiling as smooth as possible and significantly save on finishing work. The only caveat: the walls under the ceiling should also be driven out as evenly as possible. If there is still unevenness in the walls of the house under the ceiling, the aerated concrete can be easily “saved” using coarse sandpaper.
2. Installation of ceilings is easy and quick. Lightness lies in ease of installation thanks to the tongue-and-groove system. You also don't need a lot of heavy construction equipment. You will need a crane and a team of three installers: one slinger at the bottom and two people for installation at the top. Slinging is done with soft slings, and laying and tying is done with a clamp. After a few hours, the first one is ready, on which you can walk and where you can place materials for installing the next floor of the house.
3. Aerated concrete flooring for a private house has excellent technical indicators: strength (meaning uniformly distributed load) from 600 kg/sq.m (this indicator depends on the brand of cement); high fire resistance class; excellent heat and sound insulation. Aerated concrete blocks and floors can withstand internal room humidity from 60%, and with additional moisture insulation of external walls - up to 75%. This material is environmentally friendly, that is, it does not emit harmful substances or fumes and is odorless.
4. Another advantage is the lightness of this material, which will reduce the load on the load-bearing walls of the house.
5. Aerated concrete floors can be extended beyond the outer dimensions of the external walls of the house, that is, it is easy to construct balcony bases without thermal bridges. The width of such balconies can reach up to 150 cm.

Disadvantages of installation and operation

1. Foam block is quite expensive compared to other building materials, and only you can decide whether it’s worth it. But, on the other hand, you can easily calculate the savings on finishing work and installation costs.
2. Remember that cellular aerated concrete floors are a porous material, which means high vapor and moisture permeability. Without proper waterproofing, the foam block will absorb moisture from the environment like a sponge. So when choosing plaster, choose one that has good vapor and moisture protection properties.

Secrets of saving

Transportation of gas blocks occurs in the reverse order, so that the first slab is on top.

Discuss with the supplier the sequence of slab assembly. Loading should be done in the reverse order, so that the first slab is on top. Then you won’t have to re-arrange anything before installation - this will save time.

Synchronize the order of a construction crane with the delivery from the foam block manufacturer. Then you will have the opportunity to install heating boilers or other equipment in the basement of your house in one day and immediately begin installing ceilings. This way you can complete two major construction operations with one crane call.

Subtleties of choice

Don’t be lazy to ask the manufacturer for all the necessary certificates for aerated concrete blocks.

Be sure to request certificates for aerated concrete floors from manufacturers: this will protect you from low-quality products, especially since recently more and more artisanal workshops have appeared for the production of this type of building materials. After all, foam block is a very tasty piece due to its high cost and popularity. Don’t skimp on yourself and don’t be lazy to request documentation from the supplier.

The standard package of documents includes a quality certificate and a hygienic certificate (for environmental safety). According to current legislation, a fire safety certificate for aerated concrete materials is not required today, but a bona fide manufacturer may have one. Acts and conclusions of laboratory studies of strength and performance characteristics may be attached to the certification documentation.

Pay special attention to ensure that the reinforcement structure embedded in the foam block is treated with a special anti-corrosion coating, this especially applies to. This is due to the fact that free lime added to the concrete mixture for cellular aerated concrete greatly contributes to metal corrosion.

Floors in a house made of aerated concrete are usually made using an armored belt. Despite all the unique advantages of aerated concrete, the strength of the blocks is too low to build houses from aerated concrete higher than two or three floors. The ceiling on aerated concrete walls is mounted on a designed reinforced concrete belt running along the entire contour of the enclosing walls at the plinth level, under each interfloor ceiling and under the roof. Armored belts are necessary for an aerated concrete house not only as supports for beam systems. The floors of the house carry and redistribute the loads on the load-bearing structures of the walls, and aerated concrete has the disadvantage of fragility. Supporting beams on light porous blocks can lead to local punching, therefore, regardless of the type of ceiling, reinforced belts are performed, including in order to enhance the spatial rigidity of the structure.

Requirements for floors of houses made of aerated concrete take into account the insufficient compressive strength of aerated concrete (due to the cellular structure of the blocks). The overlap should provide:

• Optimal strength and rigidity (no deflection);
• The safety factor is plus the calculated load, including forces from people, furniture and all equipment on the floor, plus the own weight of the ceiling and the walls above;
• Fire safety of the home;
• Comfortable level of sound insulation.

Types of floors for aerated concrete houses:

• Slab;
• Monolithic;
• Prefabricated monolithic;
• Beam - on wooden or metal beams.

Various types of ceilings of modern cottages, modern and expressive - hipped, coffered, arched, brick vaults and others - are too structurally complex and uneconomical for aerated block houses.

The difference between an aerated concrete house is the need for reinforced belts for any terrain, even if seismic phenomena in the construction area are completely excluded. The beam floor, regardless of the material of the beams, is always equipped with an armored belt. The first stage of installing an armored belt is to verify the exact horizontality of the upper cut of the load-bearing walls, which is unrealistic in practice. All defects are eliminated by erasing the aerated concrete material until completely leveled, then the overlap is carried out according to technology.

Interfloor ceilings in a house made of aerated concrete

Any type of overlap is possible, subject to load calculations. The optimal floor for an aerated concrete house is considered to be a similar floor made from factory-made autoclaved aerated concrete slabs. But classic wooden beam floors are still more popular.

Floor slabs in aerated concrete house

The difference in the mass of traditional hollow and ribbed reinforced concrete slabs with aerated concrete slabs also determines the choice. For quick construction of a house, a prefabricated floor is optimal if the following conditions exist:

• You can drive up to the construction site, drive up special equipment, there is an area for storing slabs;
• The house's plan is simple - without curved walls, which are possible for aerated concrete block masonry, and the spans are up to 6.0 m.

The slabs are mounted along the reinforced belt (options for brick cushions under the slab floor are possible if calculations are available). The slabs are sealed with cement-sand mortar, the ends of the ceiling are thermally insulated.

Monolithic ceiling in a house made of aerated concrete

A complex and labor-intensive monolithic floor is justified for unique buildings made of aerated concrete, complex in plan and/or with curved walls. Concrete is made using lightweight aggregates (polystyrene, vermiculite), reinforced frame, usually at least two meshes - lower and upper. High-quality formwork for the ceiling is also required, preferably inventory formwork. Homemade formwork from boards and panels requires control of deflection and careful insulation, and is usually used locally, in small, difficult areas. The total thickness of the floor is 150-200 mm, depending on the span, and each cm of thickening will greatly affect the overall load on the aerated concrete walls.

Professional calculations for monolithic floors are a prerequisite. In addition, in order to reduce and redistribute loads, the design is changed: not a flat floor, but a ribbed one - with beams and thin layers of concrete pouring. But this option is closer to a monolithic beam floor, since the forces are absorbed by the ribs-beams. The formwork is permanent and includes reinforcing metal profile sheets. Concrete pouring must be continuous, cold joints are excluded. As for the labor intensity of manufacturing such a ribbed monolithic floor, it is considerable, as is the cost, but for long-span cottages (9.0 m or more) this expensive type of non-standard floor is quite justified.

Advantages of monolithic floors:

• In terms of bearing capacity, it is more than sufficient;
• You can cover any span, configuration, even fancy buildings;
• For a span of more than 6.0 m, when additional columns or racks are not planned, a monolith is the only solution.

The disadvantages of monolithic concrete floors include:

• The long process of concrete hardening and strength gain is at least 28 days. We are no longer talking about quick construction.
• Load calculations are an indispensable condition, and qualified and accurate.
• You can’t do without special equipment and custom-made ready-mixed concrete of high quality. Automixers, concrete pump, equipment for vibrating concrete - a significant increase in construction costs.
• Constant monitoring of the process of concrete strength gain, care and creation of heat and humidity conditions. Whether in cold weather or in the summer heat, a thin monolithic ceiling in a private construction environment is extremely costly both in terms of finances and labor. The optimal time for construction in the middle zone is late summer, early autumn.
• The resulting high cost of overlapping.

Beam floors

A house made of aerated blocks, which has a standard configuration and distances between load-bearing walls of up to 6.0 m, is traditionally covered with beams with flooring - metal or wood. Rolled metal for beams is quite an expensive material and requires careful anti-corrosion treatment, and the installation of heavy profiles requires special equipment. Therefore, a wooden beam floor for a house made of aerated concrete is still the leader among private builders. An important advantage of wooden floors is the possibility of independent work.

Aerated concrete is a modern building material that allows you to quickly build a house. Its main features are good heat retention and ease of processing. Calculations of the maximum loads of the material show that using aerated concrete it is possible to build houses with a maximum height of three floors - this is the maximum weight of walls and ceilings that the material can be guaranteed to withstand without changing its physical characteristics. Interfloor floors in aerated concrete houses are made from various materials and certain requirements are put forward for each of them.

Wooden floors are most often used in house construction Source m-stone.ru

Requirements for floors

Any house under construction must be reliable, comfortable and resistant to various climatic and temperature conditions. It is important to understand that the ceiling is the main structure connecting the house, which is subject to the following requirements:

, which are both temporary and permanent;

Rigidity– there may be “deflections”, but no more than the norms allow;

Soundproofing– external and internal noises should not distract owners;

Thermal insulation– we are talking about structures that separate rooms with different temperatures (damp attic and living room).

Floors for houses made of aerated concrete

The ceiling is a horizontal structural element in a building, with the help of which the floors are separated. The floors will have to withstand loads from floors, furniture and partitions.

Currently the following types are distinguished:

Monolithic ceiling in a house made of aerated concrete;

Slab: aerated concrete or reinforced concrete slabs;

Beam: wooden or metal beams.

Wooden beam floor between the first floor and the attic Source domdelaem.ru

When choosing the type of floor, you should take into account the number of floors of the building, the size of the span, the seismicity of the region and the vertical load.

Wooden floors in a house made of aerated concrete are a popular method that has the following positive qualities:

Price. Wood belongs to the category of affordable building materials. Even if first-class, carefully processed wood is used, this flooring option will be many times more affordable compared to using reinforced concrete floors;

Light weight. In the field of construction, there are certain conditions that regulate the weight of the material used. For example, it is not allowed for the structure to be too light - this indicates insufficient strength. As a rule, wood does not weigh down the structure too much, but if you take into account the fact that the house is built from aerated concrete - a material that is subject to less high loads, then this method could not be more relevant. This will not make the building less durable, and the developer will only benefit - the material is easily and simply maintained;

Aerated concrete walls require lightweight materials, and wood is the best option Source strangely.ru

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of aerated concrete houses from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses “Low-Rise Country”.

Undemanding. Compared to concrete floors, wooden structures are much easier to prepare and process. First of all, it is worth noting the fact that there are no “wet” operations. Secondly, installation is easy even in cold weather.

You also need to take into account some of the disadvantages of wooden floors:

Operating restrictions. Aerated concrete blocks, although they have a small mass, in certain places should be secured with reinforced concrete elements. The ceiling is not a power support element, but they are still used as a connecting link, so they must be strong. Wooden floors do not always meet this requirement. For example, if a two-story house is being built on a site where seismicity is more than 8 points, then wooden floors will not cope with their task;

Fragility. This applies to any structures made of wood. The physical and operational properties of the material are lost after a certain time. Of course, wooden structural elements are treated with special means: impregnations, fire retardants and others, but their service life depends more on external conditions - changes in humidity and others.

It is better to apply all protective compounds before the final installation of wooden beams Source otvetprost.ru

However, if the beam is rotten, it can be relatively easily replaced with a new one. And if it is necessary to reconstruct or update a reinforced concrete floor, then this will take much more time and effort.

Monolithic interfloor slabs

An equally popular method of arranging floors when constructing houses from foam and gas blocks. Its main advantages:

use of fireproof parts;

durability;

variety of materials for construction work;

relative ease of installation work.

The highest load-bearing capacity is achieved if monolithic slabs are used, which also increases the functionality of the structure. The span can have any size, dimensions and geometric shape. According to the technology, the overlap is done directly on site. To complete the task, you will need concrete (purchased or made on site), which is used to fill the formwork on the 1st floor. The mixture is poured in such a way that the slab is 100 to 200 mm thick (depending on the project).

Formwork and reinforcement for pouring first floor floors Source beton-house.com

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of internal redevelopment of houses. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

When choosing this method, you should take into account the following factors:

Before filling the formwork you need preparatory work;

If you plan to produce concrete on site, you will need special equipment(concrete mixer and special pump);

The supporting structures will need to completely harden, which requires time;

To obtain the required grade strength of concrete, you need competent specialist who understands proportions;

Monolithic ceiling – not the most affordable, but reliable option.

Iron beam ceilings

Modern houses made of aerated concrete are covered with metal beams. The method is popular due to the fact that it allows you to make a strong and reliable floor with a large length between load-bearing walls. But it is important to understand that despite any treatment, the metal deteriorates over time, or at least becomes covered with rust, losing its performance characteristics.

Beams damaged by corrosion quickly lose their performance properties Source dc-region.ru

How wooden floors are attached

For proper fastening of wooden blocks, special open or closed nests are formed in aerated concrete walls. You also need to be sure that the wood can “breathe”, for which the end of each beam is cut at an angle of 60-75 degrees. The cut is carefully treated with antiseptic agents.

The end of the beam that was treated with an antiseptic (with the exception of the cut edge) should subsequently be wrapped with roofing felt or other waterproofing material. In addition to protecting the wood, this is also done so that the beam “sits” tightly in the socket.

From the point of view of thermal insulation, nests are the weakest points of the second floor in a house made of aerated concrete. Therefore, they are additionally insulated, for which mineral wool or polystyrene foam plates are suitable.

Methods for embedding beams in walls; processing of the ends of the beam protects against condensation and rotting of materials Source sdelaipotolok.com

Having completely processed, wrapped and installed the beam, it is necessary to additionally inspect the nests - they may have cracks that need to be covered with special solutions and sealants to prevent moist and warm air from entering the nests. In any case, additional protection of the nests will not be superfluous and will extend the service life of the beams.

Fastening a monolithic floor

Before constructing the floor, an armored belt is made, since aerated concrete blocks are a fragile material that can easily burst under load. Under the armored belt, wooden formwork should be built that follows the contour of the walls. It is important that it be solid, that is, not interrupted. After this, the armored belt is filled with concrete solution.

Preparing armored belt for floors Source banya-ili-sauna.ru

Before you begin constructing the formwork, it will require the installation of supports. Typically, steel supports are used at this stage. It is important to install the supports evenly, without errors, as the consequences can cause great difficulties. To level the stands it is convenient to use a building level. One rack can withstand a load of 300-500 kg.

Using a building level will help lay beams without distortions Source lestorg32.ru

Afterwards, the transverse beams are laid (you can start either from the top or from the bottom, sewing them to the supports). At the next stage, the reinforcing mesh is installed. The cables are laid first, since if the concrete is poured first, laying them will be problematic. At the same stage, pipes for ventilation are installed and an unfilled area is left where there will be a staircase between floors. Wire is suitable for tying the reinforcement, after which the structure is filled with concrete.

Based on the volume of the concrete mixer, concrete is made according to the following proportion:

Cement – ​​7 liters;

Sand – 15 liters;

Crushed stone and water – 30 liters.

An area is prepared in advance, where the finished mixture is subsequently poured. The monolithic floor itself should have a thickness of 150 to 300 mm. For the mixture to completely harden, it is enough to wait a few days. If the floor was divided into sections, then the beams used to separate it must be removed.

Video description

How to install wooden floor beams on aerated concrete walls, see the video:

Conclusion

At the moment, there are several options for arranging a floor for a house made of aerated concrete. A smart choice should be based on calculated loads and financial capabilities. The durability of a house is influenced by many factors, such as temperature, humidity, loads, and so on. Floor slabs made of aerated concrete are not uncommon, but monolithic types, prefabricated monolithic and reinforced concrete slabs are more popular.

Houses made of aerated concrete blocks are built no more than three floors high. Floors in houses made of aerated concrete are made taking into account the material of the walls, just as aerated blocks are selected with such characteristics that they can withstand the floors.

Types of floors for aerated concrete

• monolithic;
• reinforced concrete slabs;
• aerated concrete slabs;
• wooden or metal beams.

Slab floors

Floor slabs can be reinforced concrete or aerated concrete. Aerated concrete floors are lighter than reinforced concrete; aerated concrete slabs are assembled into a monolithic sheet thanks to a tongue-and-groove system. If slabs without grooves and ridges are used, then reinforcement is placed in the gap between the slabs and sand-cement mortar is poured. Aerated concrete floor slabs are reinforced with mesh; they can withstand a load of 600 kg per 1 square meter, which is quite enough for an individual residential building.

Diagram of aerated concrete slab floor installation

Aerated concrete slabs for floors can be of different sizes. The slab floor should be 20 centimeters longer than the span, so that it extends 10 centimeters onto the wall on each side.

Reinforced concrete slabs are similar to aerated concrete slabs, but they are much heavier, so when using them it is necessary to accurately calculate the load.

The advantages of slab floors include:

• quick installation;
• good noise and heat insulation;
• high load-bearing capacity;
• affordable price.

Monolithic floors

For a monolithic floor, a reinforcement frame is made, which is filled with concrete. The thickness of the monolithic floor can reach 300 mm. A monolithic floor can be of any shape - this is the main difference from a slab floor, which can only be rectangular. Monolithic flooring has a high load-bearing capacity - up to 800 kg per square meter, but it is quite time-consuming and expensive to make.

Monolithic ceiling device

Floors on beams

For this option, metal or wooden beams are used, on which plywood or boards are laid, and the space between the beams is filled with expanded clay, mineral wool, polystyrene foam or other insulation materials. This is a proven and inexpensive way to make interfloor slabs.

An example of a wooden floor in a house made of aerated blocks

Which floors are better for aerated concrete houses?

Foreman's advice:
In houses made of aerated blocks, any floors can be made, provided that the load on the walls is accurately calculated. The easiest way is to make floors made of wood or aerated concrete slabs, because the load on the walls from them is lower than from other materials and, moreover, these options are the cheapest.

It is usually believed that internal partitions are not load-bearing, so they are made slightly lower than the load-bearing walls so that the floors do not rest on them. Partitions made of aerated concrete are usually made 2 centimeters below the ceilings so that the ceiling does not put pressure on them, because such a load can cause cracks to appear on the partitions.

Window and door lintels made of aerated concrete can be considered a type of ceiling - they are used with the design load for the project. If the wall thickness exceeds 500 mm, prefabricated lintels can be used. The length of the lintel should be 100 mm greater than the width of the opening in each direction.

Video: laying wooden floors in a house made of aerated concrete

When building walls from aerated concrete, there comes a time when it is necessary to take care of the construction of interfloor floors; they can be made of wooden beams or concrete slabs. If we compare with buildings built of brick, then when installing interfloor ceilings on walls made of foam and gas blocks, a reinforcing belt should be placed that will distribute the loads.

Installation of monolithic slab floors

A monolithic floor in a house made of aerated concrete can be made using a reinforced concrete slab. This technology is used today in the field of construction by private craftsmen and professional teams. In this case, the foundations are strong and reliable, but they have an impressive weight, which should be taken into account when constructing walls from building blocks. In order for the slabs to be able to evenly distribute their weight and not violate the integrity of the system, when installing floor slabs, an additional structure should be made, which looks like a concrete or brick belt. In the first case, the slab rests on a concrete strip measuring 150x250 mm. It is placed along the perimeter of the wall. The tape is strengthened with reinforcement, the diameter of which is 10 mm. At the next stage, concrete grade M-200 is poured.

When installing a monolithic floor in a house made of aerated concrete, a 2-cm temperature gap should be left, which should be located between the end of the reinforced concrete slab and the wall. To eliminate this, the reinforcing belt and the slab are additionally thermally insulated, and extruded polystyrene foam slabs can be used. It is best to choose those that have a thickness of 50 mm. The second option, which involves the use of a brick belt, involves laying red burnt brick. It is laid in three rows. This option is the most common when installing a distribution belt.

Brick belt

In this case, there is no need to equip the formwork; it is enough to form a reinforcement frame from rods. However, before laying bricks, the wall blocks should also be strengthened with reinforcement. To do this, you need to make grooves by placing reinforcing bars in them and filling them with cement mortar. The masonry is reinforced with a masonry mesh, which is located between the rows. the slab should go 14 cm deep into the wall. This will be enough to ensure rigidity and

Features of the monolithic belt device

A monolithic floor in a house made of aerated concrete may require the presence of a monolithic reinforcing belt. For a building made of aerated concrete, this part of the work is mandatory. Among other things, it serves as a load distribution from floors, walls of the upper floor and payload from interior items, people and equipment. The reinforcing belt will compensate for the lack of aerated concrete, which is expressed in the ability to bend.

Despite the fact that aerated concrete is capable of undergoing compression, the absence of a reinforcing belt will cause an uneven load on the load-bearing walls. As a result, cracks may appear in them, as a result of which some blocks may even burst. To construct a strapping or reinforcing contour, heavy types of concrete and reinforcement should be used, the latter of which corresponds to class A III.

A monolithic floor in a house made of aerated concrete can have a reinforcing belt, which is installed using one of the existing methods. It can be as follows: concrete blocks need to be installed along the outer edge; sand-lime brick is sometimes used as an alternative solution. Reinforcement is placed between the edge of the ceiling and these products; it must be tied up. You need to choose a material with square cells, the side of which corresponds to 10 cm. The external and internal corners should be fixed with steel brackets, after which the reinforcing belt should be filled with concrete.

Choosing a floor for a house made of aerated concrete

Interfloor floors in a house made of aerated concrete can be prefabricated or monolithic. They can be installed on metal or wooden beams, using cellular, heavy concrete or prefabricated monolithic structures. The basis of the floor can be a monolithic slab, which is manufactured on the construction site. Wooden and concrete floors have their own advantages and disadvantages, but if we take into account the popularity of aerated concrete, which is increasingly used in house construction today, the following criteria come to the fore:

• speed of construction;
• installation cost;
• material cost;
• the need to use special equipment.

Construction from aerated concrete, the projects of which can be found in the article, involves the arrangement of a floor, the choice of which based on maximum loads and strength characteristics, as a rule, is not relevant, because the listed types provide these qualities at a level sufficient for the category of construction projects. Thus, the calculated data ranges from 500 to 800 kg of load per 1 m 2 of area. Interfloor floors in a house made of aerated concrete should be made of materials that have less weight and maintain strength characteristics at the proper level. They must have a long service life, low cost, and resistance to external influences of a chemical or natural nature.

Monolithic aerated concrete floors

Inexpensive houses made of aerated concrete can be supplemented with aerated concrete floor slabs, which have the same characteristics and properties as the walls. This choice can be called justified, especially considering the thermal conductivity of the materials, which turns out to be the same. Having settled on this option, you may prefer prefabricated monolithic structures, products that are reinforced aerated concrete slabs, or monolithic slabs. In the first case, during the installation process it is necessary to carry out reinforcement using reinforced concrete connections.

Today on sale you can find floor slabs made of aerated concrete, which are made to individual sizes. However, the average length is 6 m, and the width is limited to 1.5 to 1.8 m. The thickness is 30 cm, the design load per 1 m 2 is 600 kg. Such slabs are made only using the autoclave method, and their density corresponds to the D500 limit. Quite often, monolithic slabs are supplemented with a tongue-and-groove connection, this makes it possible to obtain a tight fit of the elements to each other, while installation is carried out in the shortest possible time. In one shift, a team of 4 people will be able to complete a floor whose area varies from 50 to 120 m2.

During installation, the most crucial moment is coordinating the production time of the slabs, the rental time of the crane and the period of transportation of the material to the site. If the house has walls made of aerated concrete, then prefabricated monolithic slabs, which are assembled from T-shaped blocks, can be used as flooring. In this case, lightweight ones are used, the length of which is 7 m and the height is 20 cm. The weight of the structure is approximately 120 kg, which allows installation without the use of construction equipment. The distance between the beams should be 68 cm, which ensures support on the beam on each side, this is true if the length of the block is 60 cm.

When installing the first row, one side of the floor block will rest on the load-bearing wall of the building. The connections formed between the blocks will look like grooves; they are filled with concrete, its class must correspond to B20. As soon as all the floor blocks are in place, you should tie the reinforcing mesh, which is filled with a 5-cm layer of concrete. Its complete setting will occur after 4 weeks, but the structure can be partially loaded after 7 days.

Which floors to choose for a house made of aerated block

If you are thinking about the question of which floors are best for a house made of aerated concrete, then you should pay attention to wood. It is the most preferred option for lightweight wall blocks. Such floors are lighter than concrete ones, they put less pressure on the walls during operation, and the design is simpler. Among other things, the cost of wooden logs, taking into account delivery and installation, will be less than the cost of reinforced concrete floor slabs. There is no need to hire an expensive crane, because everything can be done without the use of machinery. Using wooden floors, it can be noted that installation is simpler. To do this, it will be enough to make a reinforcing belt, as is the case with concrete slabs. Beams will be laid on it. Before installation, the joists are coated with an antifungal compound; they will rest on the walls. They are wrapped in roofing felt or any other waterproofing material. It is recommended to cut the end part of the beam, the angle should be 60°. Insulation is installed in parallel. A 2 cm gap is left between the wall and the end, which is necessary for thermal expansion. Wooden logs are laid in the wall; they should be deepened by 15 cm.

Dimensions and cost of aerated concrete blocks

Aerated concrete blocks, the sizes and price per piece of which will be indicated below, are used in construction today more and more often. The cost per piece is 130 rubles. The more massive the blocks are, the faster construction will be completed. Material for the construction of walls will cost between 3100 and 3600 rubles. per cubic meter. The standard length is 600 or 625 mm, the width can be 250, 300, 375, 400 or 500 mm. As for the height, it can be equivalent to 200 and 250 mm. Aerated concrete blocks (dimensions and price per piece are discussed in the article) can also be intended for partitions. This material is sold at a price of 3,200 rubles. per cubic meter. The main height and length remain the same as in the case described above, but the width can be 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 mm.

Calculation of maximum slab bending

The maximum thickness of a monolithic floor for aerated concrete walls of a house was mentioned above. The design load per 1 m2 is also known, which is why the maximum bending of the slab can be calculated. To do this, you should know the design resistance of concrete, the design resistance of reinforcement and the class of reinforcement bars. The first parameter is Rb = 7.7 MPa, the second is Rs = 365 MPa, while the class of reinforcement used is A400C.

The distance from the edge of the slab to the reinforcement is 35 mm, the maximum bending moment should be calculated using the following formula: M = q*L 2 2/11. M=695*2.52/11=395 kg/m. If the floor has a lower reinforcing mesh, then it must satisfy the conditions under which am is less than ar. The second parameter is normative and is 0.440. While am is equal to M/(Rb*b*h02), here b is the width of the floor, which is 6 m, but h0 is the distance from the center of gravity of the reinforcement to the edge of the slab, which is 0.045 m. In this case, am is equal to 395 /(77000*6*0.0452)=0.042. The value 0.042 is greater than 0.440. If am is greater than ra, then there is a need to increase the grade of concrete or increase the cross-section of the reinforcement.

Based on the above, it can be argued that you can carry out the calculation of a monolithic floor yourself.

Why is it worth using monolithic flooring?

Despite the fact that today several types of floors for walls made of aerated concrete have been developed, monolithic ones have many advantages. They are chosen no less often than prefabricated monolithic wooden ones. The installation of a monolithic ceiling is advisable, because such structures:

• economical;
• durable;
• easy to install;
• fireproof.

It should also be noted that materials for the work are widely available. The only thing you should pay attention to is that self-prepared concrete is not suitable for private construction. It is recommended to order it, because production has certain requirements and standards controlled by the state. If you make concrete yourself, you cannot guarantee that it will meet the standards and will be reliable and durable.

The installation of a monolithic floor may be accompanied by some difficulties, which are expressed in the fact that the concrete will have to be raised to a greater height. Therefore, there is a need to rent a concrete pump. Difficulties are also expressed in the fact that it will be necessary to install formwork throughout the entire area. It is made from durable and high-quality material that will be able to withstand the weight of the concrete mixture. There will be 500 kg per square meter, this is true if the concrete layer is 15 cm.

Conclusion

Concrete floors are constructed using formwork made from materials that must have a certain margin of safety, because the load will increase when poured from a concrete pump. Experts advise using a square beam with a side of 100 mm for this purpose. An alternative solution is plywood panels, the thickness of which varies from 18 to 20 mm. As soon as the formwork is ready, you should make sure that it is horizontal using a building level.