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I understood what poetry is. Do not speak,..
that I stopped finishing poetry.
Not at all. On the contrary, I'm now in shape
became even more demanding. I just came to simplicity...
From a letter to Benislavskaya
(while writing a poem)

I think it's the best thing I've written.
S. Yesenin about the poem

Goals:

during the analysis of lyrical poems, analytical reading of the poem and heuristic conversation, show the depth of understanding of revolutionary events in the work of S. Yesenin;

draw students' attention to the philosophical orientation of S. Yesenin's poetry, its connection with the philosophical lyrics of A.S. Pushkin;

repeat the main motives of the philosophical lyrics of A.S. Pushkin;

reveal the lyrical-epic nature of the poem "Anna Snegina";

to emphasize the originality of the author's position;

to teach expressive reading and commenting on a poetic text;

monologue and dialogic speech;

form analytical thinking;

to instill interest in Russian poetry (in particular, in the work of S.A. Yesenin);

educate an attentive, creative reader.

increasing the motivation of students to independently acquire knowledge from various sources.

deepening knowledge about the work of Yesenin and the poem.

the formation of the most important competencies and creative abilities in students for modern life;

to show the complexity of the author's worldview, the figurative and semantic richness of the poem;

to cultivate love for the motherland, for literature, respect for the word.

Equipment.

• Computer, screen, projector.
• Portrait of Yesenin.
• Memo tables.
• For students: the texts of the poem.
• Finished projects, screenplay texts, almanac, research papers.
• The guys sit in groups.

Epigraph to the lesson:

“My lyrics are alive with one great love - love for the Motherland. The feeling of the Motherland is the main thing in my work ”(S. A. Yesenin).

Type of lesson: problematic lesson with elements of a seminar.

Lesson Plan

Analytical reading of the poem:

1. The role of lyrical digressions.
2. Artistic originality.
3. The structure and sound of the title of the poem.
4. The theme of the poem and ways of expressing it.
5. Time of action in the poem.
6. Image system.
7. Landscape and color scheme of the poem.
8. Author and hero.
9. L. Kashina is the prototype of Anna Snegina.

Literary conception: The lyrical plan of the poem. Name.

The image of Anna Snegina. The image of the main character is a poet.

The poem is autobiographical, based on memories of youthful love. But in the poem, the personal fate of the hero is comprehended in connection with the fate of the people.

In the image of the hero - the poet Sergei - we guess Sergei Yesenin himself. The prototype of Anna is L.I. Kashin (1886-1937), who, however, did not leave Russia. In 1917, she gave her house in Konstantinov to the peasants, she herself lived in the estate on the White Yar on the Oka. Yesenin was there. In 1918 she moved to Moscow and worked as a typist and stenographer. Yesenin met with her in Moscow. But the prototype and the artistic image are different things, and the artistic image is always richer; The richness of the poem, of course, is not limited to a specific biographical situation.

The poem "Anna Snegina" is lyric-epic. Its main theme is personal, but epic events are revealed through the fate of the poet and the main character. The title itself suggests that Anna is the central image of the poem. The name of the heroine sounds especially poetic and ambiguous. This name has full sonority, beauty of alliteration, richness of associations. Snegina - a symbol of the purity of white snow, echoes the spring color of bird cherry, white as snow, this name is a symbol of lost youth. There are also quite a few images familiar from Yesenin's poetry: "a girl in white", "thin birch", "snowy" bird cherry ...

The lyrical plot - the story of the heroes' failed love - is barely outlined in the poem, and it develops as a series of fragments. The failed romance of the heroes of the poem takes place against the backdrop of a bloody and uncompromising class war. The characters' relationships are romantic, unclear, and their feelings and moods are impressionistic and intuitive. The revolution led the heroes to part, the heroine ended up in exile - in England, from where she writes a letter to the hero of the poem. But time, the revolution did not take away the memory of love from the heroes. The fact that Anna Snegina ended up far from Soviet Russia is a sad pattern, a tragedy for many Russian people of that time. And Yesenin's merit is that he was the first to show this. But this is not the main point of the poem.

The poet - the hero of the poem - constantly emphasizes that his soul is already largely closed to better feelings and wonderful impulses:

Nothing entered my soul
Nothing bothered me.
Sweet smells flowed
And there was a drunken fog in my thoughts ...
Now with a beautiful soldier
Start a good romance.

And even at the end of the poem, after reading a letter from this woman forever lost to him, he seems to remain as cold and almost cynical as before: "A letter is like a letter. No reason. I would not write such a life."

And only in the finale a bright chord sounds - a memory of the most beautiful and forever, forever lost. Separation from Anna in the lyrical context of the poem is the poet's separation from youth, separation from the purest and most holy that a person has at the dawn of life. But - and this is the main thing in the poem - everything humanly beautiful, bright and holy lives in the hero, remains with him forever as a memory, as a "living life":

I walk through the overgrown garden,
The face touches the lilac.
Hunched wattle.
Once at that gate over there
I was sixteen years old
And a girl in a white cape

Far away, they were cute! ..
That image in me has not faded away.
We all loved during these years,
But that means
They loved us too.

epic plan.
The attitude of the hero to the world and fratricidal civil war;
images of peasants (Pron Ogloblin, Labuti Ogloblin, miller)

The main part of the poem (four chapters out of five) reproduces the events of 1917 on the Ryazan land. The fifth chapter contains a sketch of rural post-revolutionary Russia - the action in the poem ends in 1923. The events are given in sketches, and it is not the events themselves that are important to us, but the attitude of the author towards them, because the poem is primarily lyrical. Yesenin's poem is both about time and about what remains unchanged at all times.

One of the main themes of the poem is the theme of the imperialist and fratricidal civil war. In the village during the revolution and the civil war, it is restless:

We are now restless here.
Everything blossomed with sweat.
Continuous peasant wars -
They fight village against village.

These peasant wars are symbolic; they are the prototype of a great fratricidal war, a national tragedy, from which, according to the miller's wife, Raseya almost "disappeared." The condemnation of the war - imperialist and civil - is one of the main themes of the poem. The war is condemned by various characters in the poem and by the author himself, who is not afraid to call himself "the country's first deserter."

I think:
How beautiful
Land
And there is a person on it.

Freaks now and cripples!
And how many are buried in the pits!
And how many more will be buried!
And I feel in the cheekbones stubborn
Violent spasms of the cheeks...

Refusal to participate in the bloody massacre is not a pose, but a deep, hard-won conviction.

Yesenin, despite the fact that he sees the basis of people's life in the working peasantry, does not idealize the Russian peasantry. The words that representatives of different intellectual strata called the peasant sound sarcastically:

Fefela! Breadwinner! Iris!
Owner of land and livestock
For a couple of dirty "katek"
He will let himself be whipped.

Yesenin foresees the tragedy of the peasantry of 1929-1933, observing and experiencing the origins of this tragedy. Yesenin is worried that the Russian peasant is ceasing to be a master and worker on his land, that he is looking for an easy life, striving for profit at any cost.

For Yesenin, the main thing is the moral qualities of people, and in his poem he draws a number of colorful peasant types of the post-revolutionary era.

Revolutionary freedom poisoned the peasants with permissiveness, awakened moral vices in them. The poem, for example, does not romanticize the revolutionary nature of Pron Ogloblin: Pron for Yesenin is a new manifestation of the national character. He is a Russian traditional rebel of a new formation. People like him either go into the depths of people's life, or again break out to the surface in the years of "crazy action."

Pron is the embodiment of the Pugachev principle. Let us recall that Pugachev, who declared himself tsar, stood above the people, was a despot and a murderer (see, for example, Pushkin's "History of Pugachev" with a huge list of Pugachev's victims attached to it). Pron Ogloblin also stands above the people:

Ogloblin stands at the gate
And I'll be drunk in the liver and in the soul
The impoverished people are dying.
"Hey you!
Cockroach brat!
All to Snegina!..
R-time and kvass!
Give, they say, your land
Without any ransom from us!"
And then, seeing me,
Reducing grumpy agility,
He said in genuine resentment:
"Peasants still need to be cooked."

Pron Ogloblin, in the words of an old miller's woman, is "a brawler, a rude man" who "is drunk for weeks in the morning...". For the old miller's woman, Pron is a destroyer, a killer. And the poet himself Pron evokes sympathy only where it is said about his death. In general, the author is far from Pron, there is some kind of uncertainty between them. Later, a similar type of turning point will be encountered by M. Sholokhov in Virgin Soil Upturned (Makar Nagulnov). Having seized power, such people think that they are doing everything for the good of the people, justifying any bloody crimes. The tragedy of depeasantization in the poem is only foreseen, but the very type of leader standing above the people is correctly noticed. Pron is opposed in Yesenin's poem by a different type of popular leader, about which the people can be said: "He is you" (about Lenin). Yesenin claims that the people and Lenin are united in spirit, they are twin brothers. The peasants ask the Poet:

"Tell me, who is Lenin?"
I quietly replied, "He is you."

"You" - that is, the people whose aspirations were embodied in the leader. The leader and the people are united in a common faith, a fanatical faith in a quick reorganization of life, in another tower of Babel, the construction of which ended in another moral and psychological breakdown. Not opportunistic considerations forced Yesenin to turn to Lenin, but faith, perhaps, more precisely, the desire for faith. Because the soul of the poet was divided, conflicting feelings in relation to the new world fought in it.

Another character, also correctly noticed by Yesenin, the peasant type of the transitional era, Labutya Ogloblin, does not need special comments. Next to Pron, Labutya "... with an important posture, like some gray-haired veteran", turned out to be "in the Council" and lives "not a corn on his hands." He is a necessary companion for Pron Ogloblin. But if the fate of Pron, with all its negative sides, acquires a tragic sound in the finale, then the life of Labuti is a miserable, disgusting farce (and a much more miserable farce than, for example, the life of Sholokhov's grandfather Shchukar, who can be pitied in some way) . It is indicative that it was Labutya who "went first to describe Snegin's house" and arrested all its inhabitants, who were later saved from a speedy trial by a kind miller. Labuti's principle is to live "not a corn of the hands", he is "a boaster and a devilish coward." It is no coincidence that Pron and Labutya are brothers.

Pron had a brother Labutya,
Man - what is your fifth ace:
At every dangerous moment
Hvalbishka and devilish coward.
Of course, you have seen these.
Their rock was rewarded with chatter ...
These are always on point
They live without corns on their hands ...

Another peasant type in the poem - the miller - is the embodiment of kindness, closeness to nature, humanity. All this makes the miller one of the main characters of the poem. His image is lyrical and dear to the author as one of the brightest and most popular beginnings. It is no coincidence that in the poem the miller constantly connects people. His proverb is also significant: "For a sweet soul!" He, perhaps, most of all embodies this whole, kind-hearted Russian soul, personifies the Russian national character in its ideal version.

The language of the poem

A distinctive feature of the poem is its nationality. Yesenin abandoned refined metaphor and turned to rich colloquial folk speech. In the poem, the speech of the characters is individualized: the miller, and Anna, and the old miller's woman, and Pron, and Labuti, and the hero himself. The poem is distinguished by polyphony, and this corresponds to the spirit of the reproduced era, the struggle of the polar forces.

The epic theme of the poem is sustained in the realistic Nekrasov traditions. There is a focus on national disasters, and a story about a national leader, and images of peasants with individual characters and destinies, and a story about the villages of Radovo and Kriushi, and a skaz style, and lexical and stylistic features of the speech of peasants, and a free transition from one language culture to another. It is no coincidence that in one of Yesenin's contemporary articles, the idea of ​​a novel-poem with its polyphony and versatility of depicting life was voiced.

The plot, composition and events of the poem.

In the center of the lyrical plot of the poem is the meeting of the “famous poet” with his first love in the summer of 1917:

"A,
Hello my dear!
I haven't seen you in a while.
Now from childish years
I became an important lady
And you are a famous poet.

What are you now not like that!
I even took a deep breath
Touching your hand...

Together we dreamed of glory...
And you hit the target
Made me about it
Forget the young officer...”

The defining lines in the development of the lyrical plot of the poem are the lines: “And at least there is no former in my heart, / In a strange way I was full / With the influx of sixteen years ...”. Sergei’s meeting with Lipa takes place on dramatic days: a revolution is brewing, Anna’s husband is dying at the front (and Sergei, “the country’s first deserter,” is still alive here):

Now I distinctly remember
Those days the fatal ring...
But it wasn't easy for me
See her face.

The “polyphony” of Yesenin’s late lyrics has already been noted above. This fully applies to the poem, where the events of 1917-1923. are given through the eyes of a variety of people: the miller, his wife, the Kriushinsky peasants. It is indicative that the poem begins with the charioteer's story about how in Radov "the reins fell from happiness": the Kriushans killed the foreman of their village. Since then, "the Radovites are beaten by the Kriushans, then the Radovites are beaten by the Kriushans." The murderer of the foreman - Peter Ogloblin (surname "speaking") - the current leader of the Kriushans. It is he who calls Sergei to be “assistants” in order to go “to Snegina ... together ... Ask.” What is happening is assessed by the author not directly, but through the characteristics of the characters (for example, the same Pron: “Ogloblin is standing at the gate / And drunk in the liver and soul / The impoverished people are being cut down”) and through substantive details. On that visit, nothing happened with the land: Sergey took Pron away from the house where they received the funeral. In the autumn of the same year, the brother of Pron Labutya, a member of the Council and a “hero” of the war, went “first to describe the manor house”, to whom such a murderous description is given: “A man is like your fifth ace: / At every dangerous moment / Khvalbishka and a devilish coward. (The fifth ace is an extra ace in the loaded deck).

Anna's explanation with Sergey is the culmination in the development of the lyrical plot:

I remember -
She said:

"... you
Accidentally offended...
Cruelty was my judgment...

There was a sad secret
What is called criminal passion ... ".

Many years later, Sergei finds out the reason for the refusal of the “girl in a white cape”:

“Of course, until this autumn
I would have known a happy life ...
Then you would leave me
Like drinking a bottle...
So there was no need...
No meetings... not even going on...
Especially with old views
I could hurt my mother."

One of the reasons for the outbreak of the revolution, and then the civil war, is the abyss between the “white” and “black” bone, Russia, noble and peasant. It turned out to be irresistible for Sergei and Anna, despite the feeling that they were connected: the “lyric” was prevented by the “epos”. The fate of the heroes is inseparable from the fate of their native country.

The composition of the poem, like many of Yesenin's lyrical poems, is built on the ring principle.

Far, sweet were
That image in me has not faded away ...
We all loved during these years,
But they didn't love us enough,

thus ends the first chapter. In the final chapter, after Sergei received from Anna a “causeless letter” with a London seal, only one word was changed in these verses. In any, even the most “harsh and formidable years”, the inner (the world of the soul, feelings) is the main thing for a person. It is indestructible, eternal. About this are the final verses of the poem:

We all loved during these years,
But that means they loved us too.

The artistic embodiment of the era in which writers and poets lived and worked influenced the formation of the views not only of their contemporaries, but also of their descendants. The poet Sergei Yesenin was and remains such a ruler of thoughts.

The image of time with its problems, heroes, searches, doubts was in the center of attention of writers of the 19th and 20th centuries. Today, the idea of ​​Yesenin as a major social thinker with a heightened perception of his time is becoming increasingly stronger. Yesenin's poetry is a source of deep reflection on many social and philosophical problems. This is history and revolution, the state and the people, the village and the city, the people and the individual.

Comprehending the tragedy of Russia in the 1920s, Yesenin predetermined, foresaw everything that we only recently spoke out loud after seventy years of silence. to the well-known state. Yesenin wrote in a letter his impressions of those years: "I was in the village. Everything is collapsing ... The end of everything."

Yesenin was shocked by the complete degeneration of the patriarchal village: the miserable life of the village ruined by years of "internecine strife", "calendar Lenin" instead of the icons thrown out by the Komsomol sisters, "Capital" instead of the Bible. The poet sums up the tragic result of all this in the poem "Soviet Russia":

That's the country!
What the hell am I
Shouted in verse that I am friendly with the people?
My poetry is no longer needed here
And, perhaps, I myself am not needed here either.

The poem "Anna Onegin", written shortly before the death of the poet - in 1924, was a kind of generalization of Yesenin's thoughts about this dramatic and controversial time and absorbed many of the motives and images of his lyrics.

In the center of the poem is the personality of the author. His attitude to the world permeates the entire content of the poem and unites the events taking place. The poem itself is distinguished by polyphony, which corresponds to the spirit of the depicted era, the struggle of human passions. The poem closely intertwines lyrical and epic beginnings.

The personal theme is the main one here. "Epic" events are revealed through the fate, consciousness, feelings of the poet and the main character. The name itself suggests that in the center is the fate of a man, a woman, against the backdrop of the historical collapse of old Russia. The name of the heroine sounds poetic and ambiguous. Sne-gin - a symbol of the purity of white snow - echoes the spring flowering of bird cherry, white as snow, and, according to Yesenin, means a symbol of youth lost forever. In addition, this poetry looks obvious dissonance against the background of time.

The theme of time and the theme of the motherland are closely connected in the poem. The action begins in Ryazan in 1917 and ends in 1923. Behind the fate of one of the corners of the Russian land, the fate of the country and the people is guessed. Changes in the life of the village, in the guise of a Russian peasant, begin to unfold from the first lines of the poem - in the story of the driver, who delivers the poet, who has not been in his native place for a long time.

The hidden conflict of the prosperous village of Radovo ("Everyone has a garden and a threshing floor") with the impoverished village of Kriushi, which "plowed with one plow", leads to a fratricidal war. Criushans, convicted of stealing the forest, are the first to start the massacre: "... they are in axes, we are the same." And then the reprisal against the despotic foreman, who represented power in the village:

The scandal smells of murder.
Both ours and theirs
Suddenly one of them gasps! -
And immediately killed the foreman.

The time of the revolution and permissiveness put forward from the ranks of the Kriushans the local leader Pron Ogloblin, who does not have any life aspirations, except to "drink moonshine in a tavern." This rural revolutionary is "a fighter, a rude man", he "is drunk from morning to week..." The old miller's woman says this about Pron, considering him a destroyer, and a murderer at that. Yesenin emphasizes the Pugachev principle in Pron, who, like a tsar, stands above the people:

Ogloblin stands at the gate
And I'll be drunk in the liver and in the soul
The impoverished people are dying:
"Hey you! You cockroach brat!
All to Snegina! R-raz and kvass
Give, they say, your land
Without any ransom from us!"

"Cockroach Spawn1." - this is how the hero addresses the people, in whom many in the old days saw a Bolshevik-Leninist. Terrible, in essence, a type generated by a turning point. An addiction to alcohol also distinguishes another Ogloblin, Pronov's brother Labutya, a tavern beggar, a liar and a coward. He "with an important posture, like a certain gray-haired veteran," ended up "in the Council" and lives "without a callus on his hands." If the fate of Pron, with all his negative sides, acquires a tragic sound in connection with his death, then the life of Labuti is a pitiful, disgusting farce. It is remarkable that it was Labutya who "went first to describe Snegin's house" and arrested all its inhabitants, who were subsequently saved from a speedy trial by a kind miller.

The miller in the poem is the embodiment of kindness, closeness to nature, mercy and humanity. His image is permeated with lyricism and is dear to the author as one of the brightest and kindest folk principles. It is no coincidence that the miller constantly connects people. Melnik embodies the Russian national character in its "ideal" version, and by this, as it were, opposes the poet, whose soul is offended and embittered, and an anguish is felt in it.

When "the grimy rabble played the Tambov foxtrot on pianos in the yards for cows," when blood was shed and natural human ties were destroyed, we perceive the image of Anna Snegina in a special way. Her fate, written out by Yesenin in the best traditions of Russian classics, looks light and sad. The heroine appears before us in the haze of the romantic past - "they were happy" - and the harsh present. A mirage of memories, "a girl in a white cape" disappeared in the "beautiful far away" of youth. Now the heroine, widowed, deprived of her fortune, forced to leave her homeland, strikes with her Christian forgiveness.

Tell,
You hurt, Anna,
For your farm ruin?
But somehow sad and strange
She lowered her gaze...

Anna does not feel any anger or hatred towards the peasants who ruined her. Emigration does not embitter her either: with light sadness she recalls her irretrievable past. Despite the drama of the fate of the landowner Anna Snegina, kindness and humanity emanates from her image. The humanistic beginning sounds especially poignant in the poem in connection with the condemnation of the war - imperialistic and fratricidal. The war is condemned by the entire course of the poem, its various characters and situations: the miller and his old woman, the driver, the events of the life of A. Snegina.

The war has eaten away my soul. For someone else's interest, I shot at my close body And climbed on my brother with my chest.

The time of change appears in the poem in its tragic guise. The poetic assessment of events is striking in its humanity, "humanity that cherishes the soul," for only a patriot poet, a proven humanist, seeing "how much is buried in the pits," how many "freaks are now crippled," could write:

I think,
How beautiful
Land
And there's a man on it!

Charioteer's story:

The village means our Radovo.
Honor two hundred yards
The one who looked at him
Our places are nice...

The Oglobin brothers Pron and Labutya are written out in contrast.

The first true spokesman of the peasant's aspirations is direct and open, then the second is a lazy person, a drunkard, a coward and an opportunist, who miraculously received medals in the Russian-Japanese war.

The intonation changeability of the poem itself, without the narrator's remarks, creates a complex image of a woman. It is romantic with the memory of youth, at the same time pitifully banal. This is a rare poetic document of the revolutionary era, the authenticity of which has been confirmed by time. Red is the color of revolution, as a symbol of beauty in life. The main theme is October in the village, the climax is the conversation of the peasants about it.

They shout to us that do not touch the earth ...
He is you.

The popular character of Lenin, the nationality of his policy, views, evidence of the true connection of the leader of the revolution with the broad working masses.

The fate of the main characters is connected with the revolution - the landowner Anna Snegina, whose entire farm during the revolution the peasants took to the volost with the mistress and cattle; the poor peasant Oglobin, who is fighting for the power of the Soviets and dreams of quickly opening a commune in his village: the old miller and his wife, the poet's storyteller.

In contrast, from the first works, which glorify the transformed peasant Russia, there are different men in the poem as a whole: peasants, workers, especially the rural poor, warmly welcome the Soviet government and follow Lenin; there are among the peasants and those who, according to Pron's deep conviction, still need to be boiled; there are inveterate owners of the charioteer; there are screamers and loafers - Labutya, who is looking for an easy life in the revolution.

The village in the poem is heterogeneous and many-sided.

In the poem, a person is tested by the time of the revolutionary era. Nature is spiritualized, but the soul of the hero finds expression in landscape sketches and descriptions of nature.

The poem is written in amphibrach, a three-syllable meter often used by Nekrasov.

Already in the early poems of the poet, in fact, there is no idyll. There is pain, anxiety, sadness, grief, there is not one thing - indifference to the fate of millions of workers, to man.

The same can be said about the poem. The poem is to some extent the final work in which the poet reflected his thoughts about the life of the people, about the revolution, his philosophical thoughts about the life of a person on earth and, finally, his holy attitude to first love. A poem about the fate of the heroine and the fate of Russia. We see the features of an epic narrative, but the poem can hardly be called an epic, it is so lyrical. The epic and lyrical theme run in parallel.

The ring composition reveals the idea of ​​the work even more noticeably. Lyrical and epic, personal and public are closely related. The fates of the heroes of Sergei and Anna - a lyrical line - are intertwined with the events of the class war - an epic narrative. The story of the harsh, formidable years is organically connected with the life story of the narrator. Without it, we would have only separate scattered sketches that do not make up a complete picture. In the poem, real facts are combined with fiction. In this regard, the image of the narrator - the protagonist of the poem - is interesting. He speaks of himself as an active participant in the war, who perceived it as a tragic national disaster, although Sergei Yesenin did not have to fight with weapons in his hands:

The war has eaten away my soul.
For someone else's interest
I shot a body close to me
And he climbed on his brother with his chest.

Using this artistic technique, Sergei Yesenin understands that the word of a front-line soldier will make a stronger impression on readers and the condemnation of the war will sound more convincing. This is one of the embodiments of the idea that war is unnatural to human life, and Yesenin condemns it from a philosophical position, considering the beautiful land and man; war destroys this beauty. This is the contrast:

I think,
How beautiful is the earth
And there is a person on it.
And how many unfortunates with the war
Freaks now and cripples!
And how many are buried in the pits!
And how many more will be buried!
How timely these words sound!

October ... 1917.

Pron Oglobin, “cobbler, fighter, rude”, leads the construction of a new life in the village. Is it possible, a new life, under the guidance of such a person?

The destinies of a person and his fatherland are inseparable, they are a single whole. This is the main idea of ​​the poem.

Contrast, as one of the artistic means of embodying the idea of ​​the poem, is used in the story of the fate of Anna Snegina, who left her homeland.

For 6 whole years the lyrical hero of the poem was not in the village. Pictures of nature, landscape help to understand the thoughts, experiences, feelings, moods of the hero. A letter from Anna, which arrived almost two months ago, contains melancholy, expressed in the memories of pictures of native nature. A letter is like a letter, but how many memories and feelings awakened in the soul of the hero, how the soul came to life! Time, homeland, man, harsh, formidable years, a sixth of the earth with a short name Rus, the fate of man in its inseparable connection with time and the fate of the fatherland - this is the idea not only of the poem "Anna Snegina", but also the leitmotif of all the work of Sergei Yesenin. Sergey is at the same time the main character, and the lyrical hero, and the author, and the narrator, but many assessments, ongoing experiences, reactions to events could belong to the poet himself. Yesenin found something that helps a person survive. The means of salvation from all adversity is a pure feeling of youthful love carried through all life.

During the classes. tricks

1. Organizational moment. Greetings. Announcement of the topic of the lesson.

Teacher. About the poem "Anna Snegina" Yesenin said: "This is the best thing I wrote."

This work, created in 1924-1925, was largely the final result for the poet. During this period, Yesenin turned to a philosophical understanding of the events taking place in the country, painfully looking for his place in the new world. Finishing work on the poem "Anna Snegina", he wrote: "In terms of formal development, now I am drawn more and more to Pushkin."

Introductory speech of the teacher about S. Yesenin.

Sergei Yesenin is the most beloved poet of all the poets of the early 20th century. But after all, both during his lifetime and after his death, he was the most criticized, and he himself did not hide his shortcomings. And in the recently shown television series, the personality of Yesenin, performed by S. Bezrukov, is simplified to the extreme. There is no mental activity in him, no mental breakdown. The poet's talent is like a gift from God that fell from heaven. Behind the external life of the poet, secular gossip, drunken parties, fun, hysterical insults to the Bolsheviks, the authors of the film did not show the intense life of a wounded heart, the work of the mind, great pity and love for people, for animals, for their country, for all of humanity. But how meaningful are Yesenin's words from the poem (referring to the epigraph):

How beautiful
Land
And there's a man on it!

Why do Yesenin's works still excite the hearts of readers? What is the strength of his charm? We will try to find the answer to these questions in the poem "Anna Snegina".

So, the topic of our lesson is: “Severe, formidable years!” (poem by Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin "Anna Snegina").

Presentation 1. Slide number 1. "Severe, formidable years!".

But even then,
When all over the planet
The tribal feud will pass,
Lies and sadness will disappear, -
I will chant
With the whole being in the poet
sixth of the earth
With a short name "Rus". Sergey Yesenin

“My lyrics are alive with one great love - love for the Motherland. The feeling of the Motherland is the main thing in my work” (S.A. Yesenin).

Presentation 1. Slide number 2. Try to answer the question: Why is the poem considered the main final work of Sergei Yesenin?

Motivation:

Today we have to comprehend this poem, to identify Yesenin's worldview, his position.

(Entry in the notebook of the topic of the lesson)

Read the epigraph and try to correlate it with the content of the poem and our lesson.

(Return to the epigraph at the end of the lesson)

When you hear the word motherland, how do you feel? What comes up in your imagination?

Primary review of the text.

Word drawing.

Imagine that you are an artist and you need to create a cover for a book: what colors will you use and why? How do you imagine the village?

Have any of you been to the village?

Let's imagine that you and I do not know the author of the poem? How can we recognize him, and can someone else write this poem?

Presentation 1. Slide number 3.

The lyrical epic poem Anna Snegina (1925) is based on real events: two visits of the poet to his homeland. There is a meeting of Sergei, now a "famous poet", with his first love. Only the old feelings are gone. It only reminds the poet of his youth. The work raises the problems of revolutionary changes in the countryside, the stratification of the peasantry, war.

Presentation 1. Slide number 4.

Everyone knows that the prototype of Anna Snegina was Lydia Kashina, the daughter of a landowner, the owner of the estate in Konstantinov. The prototype of Anna is L.I. Kashin (1886-1937), who, however, did not leave Russia. In 1917, she gave her house in Konstantinov to the peasants, she herself lived in the estate on the White Yar on the Oka. Yesenin was there. In 1918 she moved to Moscow and worked as a typist and stenographer. Yesenin met with her in Moscow. But the prototype and the artistic image are different things, and the artistic image is always richer; The richness of the poem, of course, is not limited to a specific biographical situation. Lidia Kashina did not go anywhere after the destruction of the estate, she worked in Ryazan, in Moscow, died in 1937 from an illness and was buried, by an amazing coincidence, at the Vagankovsky cemetery next to Yesenin.

Of course, she had a relationship with Yesenin, but few people know that two more women are the prototypes. Anna Sardanovskaya resembled a girl in a white cape with her name, age, features of appearance and the fact that she fell in love with another and said affectionately “no”. The writer Olga Snegina is reminiscent of Anna Snegina of the late period. The pseudonym Snegin is a translation of the name of her husband, an Englishman Sno (translated as snow). The three ages of the heroine are three different looks.

Presentation 1. Slide number 5.

Not far from the memorial house-museum of S.A. Yesenin, on the opposite side of the rural square, surrounded by lilac bushes, jasmine and park trees, there is a “house with a mezzanine”, which belonged to the landowner L.I. Kashina, - the museum of the poem "Anna Snegina", whose doors are wide open for numerous admirers of the poetry of Sergei Yesenin. This building is one of the few that have been preserved in the village since the time of S.A. Yesenin, and it is dear because bright pages of the life and work of the poet are associated with it.

Conversation with class.

What are your impressions and feelings after reading the poem?

Which of the words naming our emotional state would come up after getting acquainted with the text of the poem?

(Words on the board: admiration, amazement, admiration, disbelief, silence, delight, joy, sadness, sorrow, compassion, fear, horror.)

Students explain their choice.

And today we have to answer the question: How did Yesenin reflect the events of the revolution in his work?

Work with text.

How do you define the theme of the poem "Anna Snegina"?

Revolution, village, love. The poem depicts the private life of people and historical events that affected the main classes of Russia: the nobility and the peasantry.

The time of action in the poem ...

1 chapter: the driver's story about the events of the summer of 1914,
the main action is the spring of 1917.
Chapter 2: spring 1917.
Chapter 3: summer 1917.
Chapter 4: Autumn (November) 1917.
Chapter 5: 1917 + 6 years = 1923,
in 1920, Pron was killed by Denikin,
in April 1923 - a letter from Anna,
in May - Sergei arrived.

Thus, the poem depicts the life of the Russian village from the summer of 1914 to the summer of 1923.

What historical events took place in Russia during this time?

World War I, February and October revolutions, civil war.

What is the name of the works depicting the life of the people at turning points in history?

Give examples of such works.

Epic: L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". ON THE. Nekrasov “Who should live well in Russia. Of course, the scale of artistic representation in the poem "Anna Snegina" is different than in these monumental works of the 19th century, but the events of these 9 years were of great historical significance both for all of Russia and for the poet's countrymen.

How does the Russian village live on the eve of the First World War?

Tell us about the miller and her husband.
- What are these people?
Why are they so independent?
- Why did Sergei come to them? They are kind. They are calm. There is beautiful nature here.
- How is spring nature depicted at the beginning of the poem?
- Through whose eyes do we see this beauty?
- What did you learn from 1 - 2 chapters about the main character of the poem?
- What is his biography, views on life, on nature?
- How much does the life story of the main character of the poem, Sergei, coincide with the real biography of the poet Sergei Yesenin?

The lyrical hero is Yesenin, a poet, a humane, independent person. He is able to see the beauty of the world, believes in goodness, loves people.
He came to the miller, and the poet came to his relatives. The hero of the poem was at the front, but Yesenin did not have time. The names are the same, one profession, but there is a discrepancy - the poems about “tavern Russia” will be written by Yesenin much later than Anna mentions them.

Let's sum up some results. A work on an epic theme, written on behalf of the hero, who is close to the author in many ways, expresses his thoughts, feelings (at least in relation to war, nature).

Do you remember what this piece is called?

Lyric-epic, or lyrical-epic poem. This is important, since in the poem “Anna Snegina” the events of the personal lives of the heroes and historical changes are really closely connected, and all these faults pass through the heart of the poet.

What is the poem about? What events are included in it?

- What kind of war are we talking about?

- What is the hero's position towards the war? (1 chapter, 2 chapter)

- Who and how tells in the poem about the civil war. (2 chapter)

What does the title of the work say?

What is the position of the heroine, the essence of her relationship to the world. Where is it found? The story of her fate. Reading a letter.

What feeling is it imbued with?

What feelings did it evoke in the hero?

How does he talk about Soviet power in the poem? What are you sad about?

Questions.

• A sequence of pictures that open to the eye?
• Determine the mood in which each picture is colored (flashback)
• How will the character and pace of your reading change from beginning to end?
• What words and thoughts will you highlight intonation as especially important, significant?
• A form of expression of the author's consciousness? (image of the author)
• Compare the opening and closing stanzas. With what changes in poetic feeling is this connected?

Early works	Poem "Anna Snegina"

hero	heroine

1. Quotes (figure)
2. Crossword
3. Work plan

Heroes	deeds	Traits

Gallery of images (characteristics and quotes).

The road of the hero, meetings.

Analytical observation

1. What is the main theme in the poem?
2. What new features of Yesenin's poetry are embodied in this work?
3. Who is the main character of the poem?
4. What has changed in the image of the Russian village compared to the poet's early lyrics?
5. What is the relationship between Yesenin and the lyrical hero of the poem? How do they compare?
6. How do you feel about the war?
7. What are the moods of fellow countrymen?
8. What are the concerns of men?
9. How is the new government portrayed in the poem?
10. In what direction did the quiet course of the life of the peasants change with the advent of the revolution? Has the life of the peasants become better or richer, or vice versa?
11. Why is it important for a poet to recall the lines of its beginning at the end of a poem? Is it an absolute repetition or is something changing?

Chapter 3 is the central one in the poem. List its main events.

Sergei's illness - a visit to Anna - a date - Pron's note - a joint visit of Sergei and Pron to the Snegins - news of the death of Anna's husband ... Ring composition: such events between two meetings of heroes!

We said that there are no direct analogies between Pushkin's novel "Eugene Onegin" and the poem "Anna Snegina", but the compositional similarity is undoubted. The life of heroes is a series of meetings and partings. “Stranger for everyone”, Onegin arrives in St. Petersburg and meets Tatyana again. The hero of Yesenin's poem comes to his homeland, where he is not a "stranger". Here he meets his first love - Anna.

Read how Yesenin writes about this date?

What is the duality of the hero's attitude to what happened?

Sergei is impressed by the “influx of sixteen years”, the beauty of a summer night, but “the moon laughed like a clown” - the moon is an eternal companion of lovers. How can this match?

Why do you think there are so many dots in this episode?

The default figure… about what?

Events in 3-4 chapters unfold rapidly. In the center, besides Sergei and Anna, Pron and Sergei's countrymen.

How is Pron depicted in the 3rd chapter of the poem?

Why or why did Sergei go with Pron to the Snegins - didn't he want to?

Under what circumstances does a new meeting with Anna take place?

The news came of her husband's death.

What is the reason for such a sharp tone of Anna?

Anna's insulting words from the realization of her guilt, from anger at herself - after all, there is a belief that a warrior is unharmed in battle as long as they are waiting for him.

Chapter 4 begins with a direct reminiscence of Pushkin:

I spent the whole summer hunting
Forgot her name and face...
Years passed ... Rebellious storms
Scattered old dreams
And I forgot your gentle voice
Your heavenly features.

The poet is stern to his heroes, as time itself is stern to them. Once again, events roll in like waves. November 1917 arrives.
What signs of this time can be noted in Pron's speech, in his behavior?

How did this turmoil end for the Snegins?

Read the farewell scene for Sergei and Anna.

How did Anna react to the loss of her home? Why are there so many silences in this episode? What are the heroes talking about?

Criminal passion. Silence. Anna's house was destroyed, but life throughout Russia was also destroyed.

Read the beginning of chapter 5 aloud.

What is the most terrible conclusion for himself does "the last poet of the village"?

Anarchy, robbery, devastation. Men don't work on the ground. A sad result: "The lot of the grain grower is gone." This is the tragedy of the Russian village.

- Pron is killed - and it became calmer. Labutya will receive an order and “of course, in the Council,” but he himself is a coward and a drunkard.

Remember who participated in the expulsion of the Snegins? Labutya.

Tell us what you know about this hero of the poem.

According to Dahl's dictionary, Labutya is a clumsy, stupid person, a razin, a dead man. Shafts - a long wooden pole, similar to a club.

How did the fate of the Ogloblin brothers reflect Yesenin's thoughts about the peasants and the revolution?

Now that, in the words of the miller, “the storm has calmed down,” look back at the entire peasant world. Who is the cutest for you? Why?

Miller. But he is old, lonely, although the desire to do good has not faded. He sheltered the Snegins. Anna's letter gets to him, Sergey comes to him again.

Read the episode of Sergei's return to his homeland after 6 years. Compare it with the picture of the first arrival.

Return words. Everything comes back from the past. Everything, including the memories of Anna.

Read Anna's letter. Find in it a clue to the relationship of the characters?

Homeland, spring, youth, first love - the one and only in a person's life.

Who do you think is the main character of the poem?

Why do you think the poem about the revolution in the countryside is named after Sergei's beloved?

Lyric-epic character of the poem. Dostoevsky, for example, believed that in Pushkin's novel "Eugene Onegin" the main character is not Onegin, but Tatyana.

In the fate of Anna Snegina, the personal motives of the hero's first love, his sudden outbreak of passion, and concrete historical signs of the common fate of the nobility, the intelligentsia, echoed.

The fate of Anna is the fate of thousands of Russian people who ended up in exile. Yesenin was one of the first in the literature of the 20th century to speak about this topic, from here, from Russia, feeling their tragedy, their love for the abandoned Motherland, longing for it. However, the fate of the woman who became Anna's prototype turned out differently.

Piotr Koshel: “This is a poem-poem of characters. In the first place is the character of the narrator himself. Through him, the epic construction of the poem is painted with lyrical colors, sometimes light, sometimes dark. The characters of the heroes are manifested not only in some actions, but also in the intonations of speech. Everyone has their own.”

You cannot hide Sergei Yesenin, you cannot erase him from our reality... He is a vivid dramatic symbol of the irreconcilable split between the old and the new. Maksim Gorky.

Sincwine:

1. 5 nouns
2. 4 adjectives
3. 3 verbs
4. phrase - 5-6 words
5. Emotional attitude.

Presentation1. Slide number 6.

Presentation1. Slide number 7.

Presentation1. Slide number 8.

Presentation1. Slide number 9.

Why is it important for a poet to recall the lines of its beginning at the end of a poem? Is it an absolute repetition or is something changing?

So sweet to my flashing eyes
Aged wattle.
Once at that gate over there
I was sixteen years old
And a girl in a white cape
Told me affectionately: "No!"
Far away, they were cute.
That image in me has not faded away ...
We all loved during these years,
But they didn't love us enough.

So sweet to my flashing eyes
Hunched wattle.
Once at that gate over there
I was sixteen years old.
And a girl in a white cape
Told me affectionately: "No!"
They were far cute! ..
That image in me has not faded away.
We all loved during these years,
But that means
They loved us too.

Love. She was, and the memory of her is an eternal and indestructible feeling in the human soul. Not years have passed - decades, wars and revolutions have died down, but the imperishable lines of the poem about love - after all, about love - resound and resound in our memory:

But you are still nice to me
Like home and like spring.

Presentation 1. Slide number 10.

Modern staging of the poem

The poetic performance “Yesenin-Love” is a new version of the staging of the poem “Anna Snegina”. Director and artistic director of the student theater "Transition" G.D. Kirillov expanded the space of the performance with poems by S. Yesenin of different years.

Embracing tightly, as if united into a single whole, five actors enter the stage and begin the performance - five hypostases of the poet's personality (S. Shishov, A. Babakhin, A. Nikolaev, D. Sharpanov). Each is unique and peculiar, each is subject to the subtle sincere intonation of the verse (“I don’t regret, I don’t call, I don’t cry”, “The blue fire swept through”), and the hooligan image of the reveler-poet (“Rash, talyanka, loudly”, “Have fun, soul valiant”), and hidden inner pain and anxiety about the fate of the Motherland. The poetic world of S. Yesenin in the performance appears to be many-sided and ambiguous. Unobtrusively, but nostalgically, the theme of love for Anna Snegina (Anna Gerasina) emerges sharply through the fabric of the poem, intertwining with the theme of fundamental social changes in Russia. In the monologue of the miller's wife (E. Sarychev), there is a bitter reflection on the past patriarchal Russia, where now there is no place for either Anna, who emigrated to London after the ruin of the estate, or the only true love of the poet, infinitely dear and sweet, “like the Motherland and like spring ”, but turned into just a memory. The music of Georgy Sviridov, accompanying the performance, organically sets off the subtle lyricism of the actors' performance in the performance.

Presentation 1. Slide number 11.

Opera by A. Kholminov “Anna Snegina” (libretto by A. Mashistov) was staged at the Leningrad Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre. S. M. Kirov (1967), in the opera theaters of Gorky, Ulan-Ude, the folk theater of Astrakhan, the South Czech theater from Czech Budejovice (1976). Based on G. Agafonnikov's opera "Anna Snegina" (libretto by G. Shapiro), a TV movie was made (1970).

Presentation 1. Slide number 8.

• Poem (here is the text of the poem)
• Explanatory dictionary of the poem (help in understanding the text of the poem)
• Drawings for the poem "Anna Snegina"

Presentation 2. “Drawings for the poem “Anna Snegina”. Slide number 1.

“For you, O motherland, I composed that song…”. Sergey Yesenin

Presentation 2. Slide number 2.

I walk the blue path
And I see - towards me
My miller rushes on a droshky
On still loose virgin soil.

"Sergukha! For a sweet soul!
Wait, I'll tell you!
Now! Let me fix the reins
Then I will deafen you.

Why don't you say a word to me in the morning?
I am Snegin and break:
Came to me, they say, cheerful
One young weirdo.

(They are very desirable to me,
I've known them for ten years.)

And their daughter is married Anna
Asked:
- Isn't that the poet?
- Well, yes, - I say, - he is the one.

Blond?
- Well, of course, blond!
- Curly hair?
- Such a funny gentleman!
- When he arrived?
- Recently.

"Anna Snegina". “Going the blue path...”

Presentation 2. Slide number 3.

Today to me in the evening,
Like a month, Pron rolled in.
"Buddy!
With great happiness!

The expected time has come!
Greetings with new power!
Now we are all r-times - and kvass!
We take arable land and forests.

Russia now has Soviets
And Lenin is the senior commissar.
Buddy!
Here is the number!

This is the beginning, this is the beginning.
I almost died with joy
And my brother wet his pants.
Edri Well spit in your grandmother!

Look, dove, have fun!
I'm the first now the commune
I will arrange it in my village."

"Anna Snegina". “Greetings with new power!”

Presentation 2. Slide number 4.

In the evening they left.
Where?
I don't know where.
In the plain, paved with milestones,
You can easily find your way.
I don't remember what happened then.
I don't know what Pron did.
I quickly rushed off to St. Petersburg
Dispel sadness and sleep.

"Anna Snegina". “In the evening they left”

Presentation 2. Slide number 5.

I open it... I read it... Of course!
Why wait more!
And the handwriting is so careless
And the London press.

"Are you alive?.. I'm very glad...
I, like you, am alive.
So often I dream of a fence
Gate and your words.

Now I'm away from you...
It's April in Russia now.
And blue veil
Covered with birch and spruce.

Now that's when the paper
I entrust the sadness of my words,
You with the miller, maybe on the traction
Listen to the grouse.

I often go to the pier
And, whether for joy, or in fear,
I look among the courts more and more closely
On the red Soviet flag.

Now there have reached strength.
My path is clear...
But you are still nice to me
Like a motherland and like spring."

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A letter is like a letter.
For no reason.
I wouldn't write like that.

"Anna Snegina". "A letter is like a letter"

Presentation 2. Slide number 6.

Still with a sheepskin coat
I'm going to my hayloft.
I walk through the overgrown garden,
The face touches the lilac.

So sweet to my flashing eyes
Hunched wattle.
Once at that gate over there
I was sixteen years old.

And a girl in a white cape
Told me affectionately: "No!"
They were far cute! ..
That image in me has not faded away.

We all loved during these years,
But that means
They loved us too.

January 1925

"Anna Snegina". “We have all loved...”

Presentation 2. Slide number 7.

Presentation 2. Slide number 8.

• The magazine "Krasnaya Nov" (May 1925), in which S. Yesenin's poem "Anna Snegina" was published.
• Autograph of the final stanzas of the poem "Anna Snegina".
• The magazine "City and Village" (No. 5, 1925), in which the poem "Anna Snegina" was published.

Summary of the lesson.

Read the end of the poem. What lines are repeated? What is the meaning behind them?

How do these lines relate to the epigraph to the lesson.

Conclusion: to love is to forgive. Yesenin is loyal to his Motherland. He forgave all wrongs and stayed with her v difficult years.

The poetry of S. Yesenin reflected with extraordinary clarity his deep connection with the Russian poetic tradition, with the poetry of A.S. Pushkin. This connection is clearly seen in the most serious, tragic works of the poet, where he reflects on the most important eternal questions for himself and for us: about the eternal and transient in a person’s life, about love, homeland, about a person’s place in a difficult, changeable world.

Homework.

The guys are divided into four groups: programmers, journalists, researchers and screenwriters. Journalists collaborated with researchers, and screenwriters collaborated with programmers. Groups are developing projects based on Yesenin's poem "Anna Snegina".

S. A. Yesenin's poem "Anna Snegina"

The purpose of the lesson: to show that "Anna Snegina" is one of the outstanding works of Russian literature.

Methodical techniques: lecture with elements of conversation; analytical reading.

Let's take a look at everything we've seen

What happened, what happened in the country,

And forgive where we were bitterly offended

Through someone else's fault and ours.

During the classes

I. Checking homework

We listen to the student's report.

II. teacher's word

The poem "Anna Snegina" was completed by Yesenin in January 1925. In this poem, all the main themes of Yesenin's lyrics are intertwined: homeland, love, "Russia is leaving" and "Soviet Russia". The poet himself defined his work as a lyric-epic poem. He considered it the best work of all previously written. Some researchers believe that this definition does not accurately express its genre originality. Vl. Turbin calls "Anna Snegina" "a story in verse" and finds in it similarities with "Eugene Onegin" (we note the similarity in the sound of the names of the title characters). A. Kwiatkowski defines the poem as a poetic short story, that is, a narrative with a tense plot and an unexpected ending: “We loved all these years, / But, that means / I loved us.”

III. Conversation

— What theme, traditional for Russian literature, is developed in the poem?

The theme of the extinction of the "noble nests", begun by I. S. Turgenev in "The Noble Nest", developed by A. P. Chekhov in "The Cherry Orchard", received his own interpretation from Yesenin, one might say, he put an end to the development of this theme: with the advent of Soviet power "noble nests" disappeared.

Teacher comment:

T.A. Aksakova-Sivers, who belongs to the Moscow aristocratic elite, recalled: “I am amazed at the beautiful ease with which we—I am talking about the nobility—parted with material values. Yesenin very subtly noticed this in the poem "Anna Snegina". The heroine of the poem, an aristocrat by birth, steadfastly, calmly experiences the revolutionary retribution of the peasants, the ruin of her economy, but painfully perceives the fate of Russia, her outcast, parting with Sergei. There is no hatred in her soul, but a romantic feeling for the hero has been preserved, which becomes not only an image of her love, but also an image of the Motherland. Intimate and patriotic themes in Yesenin's poetry were in the same organic harmony as in the works of Blok and Akhmatova.

Which character's speech opens the poem? What associations does this story evoke?

(The poem begins with the story of a driver who takes a hero returning from the war to his native places. From the words of the driver we learn the sad news about what is happening in the rear: the inhabitants of the once rich village of Radova are at enmity with their neighbors - poor and thieving Kriushans (we note the significance This enmity led to a scandal and the murder of the headman (recall the story of Savely from Nekrasov's poem "Who should live well in Russia" and to the gradual ruin of Radov:

Since then we have been in trouble.

The reins rolled down from happiness.

Almost three years in a row

We have either a case or a fire.)

(Although the lyrical hero bears the name Sergei Yesenin, he cannot be completely identified with the author. The hero, a peasant in the village of Radova in the recent past, and now a famous poet who deserted from Kerensky's army and has now returned to his native places, of course, has much in common with the author. Before of everything, not in autobiographical details, but in the structure of thoughts, in moods, in relation to the events and people described.)

- How do you feel about the war?

(Military operations are not described; the horrors and absurdity, inhumanity of the war are shown through the attitude of the lyrical hero towards it. The word “deserter” usually causes a certain hostility, it is almost a “traitor.” Why does the hero almost proudly say about himself: “I showed another courage - / Was the country's first deserter"?)

- Why does the hero return from the war without permission?

(To fight for someone else's interest, to shoot at another person, at a "brother" - this is not heroism. To lose human appearance: "The war has eaten away my whole soul" is not heroism. To be a "toy" in the war, while "merchants yes nobility" live quietly in the rear, and "scoundrels and parasites" drive people "to the front to die" - also not heroism. In this situation, "courage" really was what the lyrical hero, Sergei, did. He returns from the war in the summer of 1917. )

- How does the lyrical hero see the past?

(Three years have passed since the hero left his native place, and much seems to him distant, changed. He looks with different eyes: So sweet to my flashing eyes / aged wattle fence, "overgrown garden", lilac. These cute signs recreate the image " girls in a white cape" and evoke a bitter thought:

We all loved during these years,

But they didn't love us enough.)

- What are the moods of the poet's countrymen?

(People are alarmed by the events that have come to their villages: “Solid peasant wars”, and the reason is “anarchy. / They drove the king away ...”. We learn about the cobbler, the fighter, the rude ”Pron Ogloblin, an embittered drunkard, the murderer of the headman. It turns out that “Now there are thousands of them / I’m rotten to create in freedom.” And as a terrible result: “Raseya is gone, gone ... / Russia, the nurse, has died.”)

What are the concerns of men?

(Firstly, this is the age-old question about the land: “Tell me: / Will the peasants / Will the arable land of the masters go away?” The second question is about the war: “Why then at the front / Are we destroying ourselves and others?” “Tell me, / Who is Lenin?” The hero’s answer to this question requires a comment: “I answered quietly: /“ He is you.”)

- How are the feelings of the heroes, Anna and Sergey, shown when they meet?

(The dialogue of the hero on two levels: obvious and implicit, “underwater” (Chapter 3). There is an ordinary polite conversation of people who are almost strangers to each other. But separate remarks, gestures, pauses show that the characters’ former feelings are alive. She: “I even sighed furtively, / Touching you with her hand"; "Do you love someone?". He: "I listened to her and involuntarily / looked at her slender face. / I wanted to say: / “That's enough! / Let's find another language!”; “But for some reason - then, I don’t know, / Embarrassedly said out of place: / “Yes ... Yes ... / I’m remembering now ...”; “I don’t know why I touched / Her gloves and shawl” (Note how these details remind Akhmatova’s manner); “Strangely, I was full / With the influx of sixteen years.”

The leitmotif (“We all loved in these years ...”) already sounds optimistic:

There's something beautiful about summer

And with the summer, the beautiful in us.)

- What is the reason for the discord in the relationship between the hero and the heroine?

(Pron Ogloblin thought of taking away the land from the Snegins, and for negotiations he took an “important”, as he considered, person, a resident of the capital. They arrived at the wrong time: it turned out that the news of the death of Anna’s husband had just arrived. In grief, she throws an accusation to Sergei : "You are a pitiful and low coward. / He died ... / And you are here ... ". All summer after that, the heroes did not see each other.)

How is the new government portrayed in the poem?

(October 1917, the hero meets in the village. He learns about the coup from Pron, who “almost died of joy”, because “Now we all r-times - and kvass! / Without any ransom since the summer / We take arable land and forests " Pron's "dream" to take away the land from the Snegins came true, reinforced by the new government: "There are now Soviets in Russia / And Lenin is the senior commissar." Soviet power is portrayed ironically, even sarcastically. The first loafers and drunkards climbed into power: / I’ll arrange it in my village,” says Pron. Pron’s brother, Labutya, “wet his pants” from the joyful news of the arrival of a new government, he himself is “a boaster and a devilish coward”, “Such people are always in mind. / They live without corns on their hands . / And here he is, of course, in the Council.")

Let us recall how the hero answered the peasants' question about Lenin. (“He is you.”) Let us comment on this definition.

- What events take place before the hero's next visit to his native place?

(Six years pass: "Severe, terrible years!" Goods taken from the landowners did not bring happiness to the peasants: why should the "grimy rabble" "pianos" and "gramophones" play the Tambov foxtrot for "cows"? "The grain grower's lot is gone."

The hero learns about the events in Kriush from the miller's letter: Pron Ogloblin was shot by Denikin's men, Labutya escaped - "he climbed into the straw", and then he cried for a long time: "I should have a red order / For my courage to wear", and now the civil war has subsided, "the storm went to hell.")

- How does the leitmotif of the poem change in its final part?

The hero receives a letter with a "London seal". In the letter of the heroine there is no word of reproach, no complaint, no regret about the lost estate, only bright nostalgia:

So often I dream of a fence

Gate and your words.

Now I'm away from you...

It's April in Russia now.

And blue veil

Covered with birch and spruce.)

Let us pay attention to the internal similarity of these lines with the words of Tatyana Larina from the XLVI stanza of the eighth chapter of "Eugene Onegin".

But you are still nice to me

Like home and like spring.

And again the “second plan”, the deep one, comes through. The hero does not seem to be touched by the letter, as if he is doing everything “as before”, but he sees everything differently: “I am walking through an overgrown garden / The lilac touches my face. / So sweet to my flashing glances / Hunched wattle fence. Compare with the description (almost the same) from the first chapter. What changed? "In the old way" was replaced by "as before"; The "aged" wattle fence became "hunched over".

IV. Final word of the teacher

"Distant, sweet" images made the soul rejuvenate, but also regret the departed forever. At the end of the poem, only one word has been changed, but the meaning has changed significantly:

We all loved during these years,

But that means

They loved us too.

These are all words of the same series: nature, homeland, spring, love. And the forgiver is right (let us turn again to the epigraph).

Bird cherry is fragrant. Epithet. Levitan. Monument to S. Yesenin. Speech workout. State Museum-Reserve. thawed patch. A. Shevelev. Rules for expressive reading. White birch. Vocabulary work. Born in the Ryazan province. Creativity Yesenin. Sergey Yesenin. Cherry blossomed. The life of Sergei Yesenin. Rural elementary school. Metaphor. Personification. Put the accent right. The big is seen from a distance.

"Porosh's Poem" - Winter fairytale landscape. Porosh poem. Fizminutka. Arrange the words that indicate the movement of snow. Alliteration. Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin 1895-1925. Be healthy. Movement helps convey words. LG feels nature. Native nature in the poems of poets of the 20th century. Warm up. Slow falling snow creates a fabulous picture. Why are crows grey. Riddles that the poet thought about as a child.

"The poem" Anna Snegina "" - Lydia Kashina. Epigraph to the lesson. Which character's speech opens the poem. Behind the mountains, behind the yellow valleys. Anna Sardanovskaya. Questions session. Autobiographical character of the main character. How the lyrical hero sees the past. What are the moods of the poet's countrymen. Moral and philosophical sounding of the poem "Anna Snegina". Statements about Yesenin. How do the author and the lyrical hero relate. The theme is traditional for Russian literature.

“Do not wander, do not crush in the crimson bushes” - Conversation on questions. Preliminary task. An image of nature. "Do not wander, do not crush in the crimson bushes ...". Let sometimes the blue evening whisper to me. Reading a poem. Words for color. Vocabulary work. The impression of perfection. Alliteration. The thin name melted like a sound. What is the mood of the poem? Epithet.

"Yesenin "Wood Romance"" - Poplar. Spruce. Kalina. Religion of thought. Willow. Sergei Yesenin "Wood Romance". Oak. Birch. Linden. Tree. Traditional trope. Rowan. Maple. Apple tree.

"Yesenin" Cheryomukha "" - White birch. The stream sings. Poems about nature. The first book of poems by Sergei Yesenin. Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin. S. Yesenin. Speech workout. Poem. Read expressively. To acquaint students with the biography of S. Yesenin. Bird cherry. Fizkultminutka. Old hut.

The fate of the revolution and the fate of Russia in Sergei Yesenin's poem "Anna Snegina"

In the work of Sergei Yesenin, the poem "Anna Snegina" occupies a prominent place, reflecting both the poet's lyrical memories and his foresight of the fate of the country and the revolution. The poem, which Yesenin considered the best of all he wrote, is largely autobiographical in nature. The protagonist, on behalf of whom the story is being told and whose name, like the poet, is Sergei, travels to his native village - Radovo in the period between the two revolutions of 1917 - February and October. He notes: “Then Kerensky was caliphed over the country on a white horse,” hinting that it was already clear at that time: the head of the Provisional Government was caliph for an hour. The driver introduces Sergei to sad events in his native village. First, we are presented with a picture of the former prosperity, so close to Yesenin's ideal:

We don’t climb important things very much,

But still, happiness is given to us.

Our yards are covered with iron,

Everyone has a garden and a threshing floor.

Everyone has painted shutters,

On holidays meat and kvass.

No wonder once a police officer

He loved to stay with us.

Radovtsy knew how to get along with the previous government:

We paid dues on time,

But - formidable judge - foreman

Always added to quitrent

As far as flour and millet.

And to avoid adversity

Surplus us was without hardships.

Once - the authorities, then they are the authorities,

And we are just ordinary people.

However, even before the revolution, the well-being of the inhabitants of Radov was violated by the peasants of the neighboring village of Kriushi, where “life ... was bad - almost the whole village plowed with one plow on a steam

hackneyed nags." The leader of the Kriushans, Pron Ogloblin, killed the foreman of Radov in one of the fights. According to the driver-radovets:

Since then, we have been in trouble.

The reins rolled down from happiness.

Almost three years in a row

We have either a case, or a fire.

I note that the years of Radov's misfortunes coincide with the years of the First World War. And then the February Revolution broke out. And now Sergey comes to his native place. Here he learns that Pron Ogloblin returned from hard labor and again became the leader of the Kriushans. Sergey thinks: "How beautiful the earth and the man on it." He is close to the aspirations of the peasants, demanding "without redemption of the arable land of the masters", although Sergei retains in his heart love for the local landowner Anna Snegina. She and Pron come to Anna to ask to give the land to the peasants just at the moment when she receives news of her husband's death at the front. Although Pron rather rudely says to Snegina's mother about the land: “Give it back! .. Don’t kiss your legs!”, He still has the conscience to lag behind her at this tragic moment, agreeing with Sergey’s arguments: “Today they are not in a good mood .. Let's go, Pron, to the tavern ... "

Pron is a rather reckless person. Sergei's friend, the old miller, speaks of Ogloblin without sympathy: “Bulldyzhnik, fighter, rude. He is always angry at everyone, drunk in the morning for weeks on end. But the elemental strength of character attracts Sergei to Pron. After all, Ogloblin is a disinterested person, rooting for the interests of the people. After the Bolshevik coup, Pron promises: "I will be the first to establish a commune in my village right now." In civilian life, he dies at the hands of whites, and his brother Labutya comes to power in Kriushy:

Man - what's your fifth ace:

At every dangerous moment

Hvalbishka and devilish coward.

You, of course, saw those.

Their rock was rewarded with chatter.

Before the revolution, he wore two royal medals and boasted of imaginary exploits in the war with Japan. As Yesenin very accurately points out: “Such are always in mind. They live without calluses on their hands. And after the Labutya revolution:

Of course, in

The council hid the medals in the chest.

But with the same important posture,

Like some grey-haired veteran

Wheezed under a fusel jar

About Nerchinsk and Turukhan:

“Yes, brother! We saw grief

But we were not intimidated by fear ... "

Medals, medals, medals

Ringing in his words.

At one time, Labutya went first to describe the Snegin estate:

There is always speed in capture:-

Give! We'll figure it out later!

The whole farm was taken to the parish

With mistresses and cattle.

When Denikin's men shot Pron, Labutya safely hid in the straw. Yesenin felt that in the revolution and the civil war, people like Labutya survived much more often than people like Pron, cowards survived, accustomed only to “rob the loot”, to act on the principle: “Give it! We'll figure it out later!" The poet was clearly worried that such people played a major role not only at the local level, but also in the leadership of the party and state. Perhaps it was no coincidence that Labutya spoke of his imaginary exile to the Turukhansk region, the place where Stalin was actually exiled before the revolution. Yesenin understood that under the dominance of the labutian dream of the peasants of happiness, following the model of Radovsky, they would be finally buried. And the main character of the poem, personifying beauty, leaves Russia in the finale. In her last letter from London, Anna writes to Sergei:

I often go to the pier

And, whether for joy, or in fear,

I look among the courts more and more closely

On the red Soviet flag.

Now we have reached strength.

My path is clear...

But you are still nice to me

Like home and like spring.

In the new Russia, there is no place left for beauty, just as there has long been no place for Radov's paradise. The country has turned into poor Kriushi. Incidentally, in Yesenin's native Konstantinovsky district, villages with such names existed, only they were not located next to each other. Obviously, Yesenin was attracted by the symbolic meaning of these names. “Radovo” in our minds is associated with “joy”, as well as with “please”, that is, take care of something. "Kriushi" remind of something wrong, crooked. As early as August 1920, Yesenin noted in one of his letters with alarm: “... Socialism is not at all the one that I thought about, but definite and deliberate, like some kind of Helena Island, without glory and without dreams. It is crowded in it for the living, closely building a bridge to the invisible world, because these bridges are cut and blown up from under the feet of future generations. The poet most likely foresaw that the Soviet government, unlike the tsarist government, would by no means be satisfied with an extra measure of flour and millet, but, having reached strength, would be able to squeeze all the juice out of the peasants (this happened in collectivization, after Yesenin's suicide). That is why, like the heroine of the poem, he looked at the red flag not only with joy (Yesenin welcomed the revolution that gave land to the peasants), but also with ever-increasing fear.

"Anna Snegina" is an autobiographical poem by Sergei Yesenin, completed by him before his death - by the end of January 1925. It is not only the fruit of the author's rethinking of the October Revolution and its consequences for the people, but also a demonstration of the poet's attitude to revolutionary events. He not only evaluates, but also experiences them from the position of an artist and a small person who has become a hostage of circumstances.

Russia in the first half of the twentieth century remained a country with a low level of literacy, which soon underwent significant changes. As a result of a series of revolutionary uprisings, the first political parties arose, thus, the people became a full participant in public life. In addition, global upheavals influenced the development of the fatherland: in 1914-1918. The Russian Empire was involved in the First World War, and from 1918-1921, it was torn apart by civil war. Therefore, the era during which the poem was written is already called the era of the "Soviet Republic". Yesenin showed this turning point in history on the example of the fate of a little man - himself in a lyrical image. The drama of the era is reflected even in the size of the verse: the three-foot amphibrach, which Nekrasov loved so much and used as a universal form for his accusatory civil lyrics. This meter corresponds more to the epic than to the light poems of Sergei Alexandrovich.

The action takes place on the Ryazan land during the spring from 1917 to 1923. The author shows the real space, describes the real Russian area: "The village, therefore, our Radovo ...". The use of toponyms in the book is not accidental. They are important for creating a metaphorical space. Radovo is a literary prototype of Konstantinovo, the place where Sergei Alexandrovich was born and raised. A specific artistic space not only "binds" the depicted world to certain topographical realities, but also actively influences the essence of the depicted. And the village of Kriusha also (Yesenin calls Kriushi in the poem) really exists in the Klepikovskiy district of the Ryazan region, which is located next to the Rybnovsky district, where the village of Konstantinovo is located.

"Anna Snegina" was written by S. Yesenin during his 2nd trip to the Caucasus in 1924-1925. This was the most intense creative period of the poet, when he wrote easily as never before. And he wrote this voluminous work in one gulp, the work brought him genuine joy. The result is an autobiographical lyrical epic poem. It contains the originality of the book, as it contains two types of literature at once: epic and lyric. Historical events are the epic beginning; the hero's love is lyrical.

What is the poem about?

Yesenin's work consists of 5 chapters, each of which reveals a certain stage in the life of the country. Composition in the poem "Anna Snegina" - cyclical: it begins and ends with the arrival of Sergei in his native village.

Yesenin, first of all, set priorities for himself: with what is he on the way? Analyzing the situation that has developed under the influence of social cataclysms, he chooses for himself the good old past, where there was no such frantic enmity between relatives and close people. Thus, the main idea of ​​the work "Anna Snegina" is that the poet does not find a place for a person in the new aggressive and cruel reality. The struggle has poisoned minds and souls, brother goes against brother, and life is measured by the force of pressure or blow. Whatever ideals were behind this transformation, they are not worth it - this is the verdict of the author of post-revolutionary Russia. The poem clearly indicated the discord between the official party ideology and the philosophy of the creator, and this discrepancy was never forgiven for Sergei Alexandrovich.

However, the author did not find himself in the emigrant share either. Showing disregard for Anna's letter, he marks the abyss between them, because he cannot accept her moral choice. Yesenin loves his homeland and cannot leave it, especially in this state. Snegina left forever, as the past goes away, and for Russia the disappearance of the nobility is a historical fact. Let the poet seem to new people a relic of the past with his snotty humanism, but he will remain in his native land alone with his nostalgia for yesterday, to which he is so devoted. This self-sacrifice expresses the idea of ​​the poem "Anna Snegina", and in the image of a girl in a white cape, peaceful patriarchal Russia, with which he is still in love, appears in the mind's eye of the narrator.

Criticism

For the first time, fragments from the work "Anna Snegina" were published in 1925 in the magazine "City and Village", but the full-scale publication was only at the end of spring of this year in the newspaper "Bakinskiy Rabochiy". Yesenin himself put the book very highly and spoke of it like this: "In my opinion, this is the best thing that I wrote." The poet V.F. Nasedkin confirms this in his memoirs: “He most willingly read this poem to his literary friends then. It was evident that he liked it more than other poems.

Critics were afraid to cover such an eloquent reproach to the new government. Many avoided speaking about the new book in print, or responded with indifference. But the average reader, judging by the circulation of the newspaper, the poem aroused genuine interest.

According to the newspaper "Izvestia" dated March 14, 1925, number 60, we can establish that at the meeting of a group of writers called "Pass" in the Herzen House, the first public reading of the poem "Anna Snegina" took place. The reaction of the listeners was negative or indifferent; during the emotional declaration of the poet, they were silent and showed no interest in any way. Some even tried to call the author to discuss the work, but he sharply rejected such requests and left the hall in frustrated feelings. He asked only Alexander Konstantinovich Voronsky (literary critic, editor of the Krasnaya Nov magazine) for an opinion on the work. “Yes, I like her,” he replied, maybe that's why the book is dedicated to him. Voronsky was a prominent member of the party, but fought for the freedom of art from state ideology. For this he was shot under Stalin.

Of course, Nekrasov's straightforwardness, simplicity of style and ornate content, so unusual for Yesenin, caused Soviet critics to assume that the poet had "written his name." They preferred to evaluate only the form and style of the scandalous work "Anna Snegina", without going into details in the form of details and images. A modern publicist, Alexander Tenenbaum, ironically remarks that "Sergey was condemned by critics, whose names have already been completely erased today."

There is a certain theory that the Chikists understood the anti-government subtext of the poem and dealt with Yesenin, staging the suicide of a creative person driven to despair. A phrase that is interpreted by some people as a praise to Lenin: “Tell me, Who is Lenin? I quietly answered: He is you, ”in fact, it means that the leader of the peoples is the leader of bandits and drunkards, like Pron Ogloblin, and a coward-turner, like his brother. After all, the poet does not praise the revolutionaries at all, but exposes them in a caricatured form.

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