The nutrition of the child after a year expands significantly. New products are added to the menu, new types of dishes appear. The baby no longer needs to be given heavily crushed food in the form of mashed potatoes. In a year, children eat food of a delicate texture with small pieces, which trains the child's skills and abilities to chew. You can safely add meatballs, finely chopped or coarsely grated vegetables and meat, cereals and pasta in their original form to dishes.

At the age of 1.5-2 years, the ingredients for the dish can be cut larger. Many experts recommend completely abandoning soufflé, cream and puree-like dishes. But it is still impossible to overload digestion at this age, so sometimes you should feed the baby with such food. Give the baby only stews or boiled dishes, bake food or steam it. In the article, we will consider a number of rules for catering for children and draw up a detailed menu for a child 1-2 years old.

Nutrition rules for a child 1-2 years old

• The menu of a child at 1-2 years old should consist of five meals. The norm of one meal is 250-300 grams;
• The child's daily diet must necessarily include vegetables and fruits, meat or fish, soup or broth;
• Prepare meals stewed, boiled or baked and steamed. Avoid fried foods, as they are difficult to digest, increase weight and cholesterol levels, often worsen stools and cause heaviness in the stomach;
• It is better to cook on low heat, so the products retain vitamins and nutrients;
• Do not give both meat and fish on the same day. Fish dishes are given 2-3 times a week, on other days - meat dishes;
• From meat it is better to take beef, chicken, turkey and rabbit, from fish - low-fat varieties (hake, perch, pollock, pike perch, cod, etc.). Fatty fish, pork, lamb and other meats are better;
• Exclude pickles and marinades, mushrooms, smoked meats and canned foods, glazed curds and desserts containing dyes, a large amount of sweets, carbonated drinks and fast food from the child’s diet;
• Do not give children semi-finished products, including store-bought dumplings and cutlets, sausages. You can sometimes give natural boiled sausage;

• Children under three years of age are not recommended meat and fish broths, as they are very difficult to digest and disrupt the still weak digestion. It is better to cook meat and fish separately, and then put the food in a ready-made soup;
• For dressing dishes, use low-fat sour cream or vegetable oil. Do not give children ketchup, mayonnaise;
• Add salt to the baby's food only slightly, if possible, it is better to do without salt at all. Salt food at the end of cooking;
• When cooking, you can use sugar, black pepper, in small quantities. Do not put hot spices and seasonings in dishes;
• Introduce citrus fruits and berries with caution, as they can cause. In addition to the already familiar foods, oranges, tangerines, kiwi, melon, strawberries and raspberries, strawberries can be included in the baby’s diet after a year;
• You can add bell peppers, onions, tomatoes and fresh cucumbers, legumes (peas, chickpeas, beans, beans, etc.), beets and white cabbage to vegetables;
• When introducing a new food or dish for the first time, wait a day or two after introducing it and observe your baby's reaction. If there is a violation of the stool or signs of an allergy, consult a doctor and wait a while with the inclusion of this food in the diet;
• Do not force your child to eat and do not teach children to eat behind the TV or at play. The kid should get hungry himself! And what to do if he does not want to eat, read.

How to make a diet for a child 1-2 years old

For breakfast or for the first meal, porridge, a sandwich with butter, cheese, boiled eggs, cottage cheese casserole are optimal. Lunch must include broth or soup, the norm of which for a baby under two years old is 100-130 ml per day. It can be a light vegetable soup, fish, pea or meat soup. For children older than a year, you can already give classic soups with finely chopped ingredients. However, pureed soups can also be given. Milk soups are best eaten for breakfast.

For second courses, rice, pasta, boiled vegetables or vegetable puree, as well as meatballs, meatballs or cutlets from meat or fish are prepared. There should be snacks between main meals. For this, fresh and baked fruits, vegetable salads, cookies, a glass of milk or fermented baked milk, yogurt, vegetable salads with vegetable oil,

For dinner, you can give your child stewed vegetables and vegetable casserole, scrambled eggs, pasta, cottage cheese. At this time, it is not recommended to eat milk porridge, meat and fish dishes. Thus, lunch should be the most nutritious and satisfying meal of the day. Breakfast and dinner should be about the same in calories. It is advisable to cook fresh food every time, as it loses its beneficial properties during storage. Next, we offer an approximate menu for children 1-2 years old.

Menu for the week

Day of the week	I	II	III
First meal	Buckwheat + cheese and butter sandwich + tea	Rice porridge + cheese and butter sandwich + tea	Mashed Potato + Boiled Egg + Fruit Juice
Second meal	Cottage cheese with pieces of fresh berries or fruits + tea	Cookies + milk	Banana + fresh apple
Third meal	Shchi with sour cream + boiled noodles with meat + salad with fresh cucumber + compote	Vegetable soup with beef + mashed potatoes with meat cutlet + beetroot salad + compote	Fish soup + buckwheat + salad with cabbage and apple + bread with jam + tea
Fourth meal	Kefir + baked apple + cookies	Cottage cheese + fresh banana	Bun + compote
Fifth meal	Casserole with carrots and apples + milk	Braised cauliflower (broccoli) + scrambled eggs + yogurt	Cottage cheese casserole + cookies + milk

Day of the week	VI	VII
First meal	Herculean or semolina porridge + cheese and butter sandwich + tea	Millet porridge + cheese and butter sandwich + milk
Second meal	Kefir + fresh banana	Fresh apple or pear + cookies + tea
Third meal	Pea soup + vegetable stew with meat patty or zrazy + carrot and apple salad + compote or fruit drink	Soup with noodles and meatballs + mashed potatoes with boiled beef + vegetable salad + compote
Fourth meal	Cottage cheese + fresh peach or apricot	Fruit mousse or yogurt + bun
Fifth meal	Omelet + cookies + juice	Cottage cheese or vegetable casserole + boiled egg + fruit juice

Dish recipes

vegetable casserole

• Pumpkin - 200 gr;
• Milk - 100 ml;
• Carrots - 200 gr;
• Semolina - 2 tbsp. spoons;
• Chicken egg - 1 pc.;
• Sugar - 1 teaspoon.

Grind the vegetables on a grater and throw in boiling milk. Cook over low heat until the milk has evaporated. In the resulting chilled mixture, beat the egg and add sugar, mix. Add semolina and mix again until a homogeneous consistency without lumps. Cook the casserole in a water bath for 20-25 minutes after boiling water. You can add tomatoes to the recipe if you like. The vegetable is pre-peeled and finely chopped.

Baked cauliflower with cheese

• Cauliflower - 300 gr;
• Hard cheese - 100 gr;
• Bulb - 1 pc.;
• Sour cream - 100 gr..

Throw half-cooked cabbage in a colander and leave to cool. Chop the onion and lightly fry in vegetable oil, and grate the cheese coarsely. Put the cooled cabbage on a baking sheet, add onion, salt a little and brush with sour cream. Mix the mixture and sprinkle with grated cheese, bake until golden brown at 180 degrees. The finished dish can be decorated with chopped fresh herbs.

Meat soufflé for children

• Chicken or turkey - 100 gr;
• Rice - 1 tbsp. spoon;
• Chicken egg - 1 pc.;
• Milk - 2 tbsp. spoons;
• Butter - 20 gr..

Boil chicken or turkey until tender, cut and pass through a blender. Cook soft rice porridge from rice and milk, which is added to the resulting mashed meat. Mix the ingredients and beat in a blender. Melt the butter in a frying pan and add to the mass, put the yolk and mix. Beat the protein separately, pour into the puree and mix. Pour the mixture into molds and cook in a water bath or steam for 20-25 minutes.

Such a soufflé can be served with vegetable puree or buckwheat porridge at lunchtime. The dish is tender and soft, well digested and easy to chew. It is optimally suited for feeding young children who are just. By the way, soufflé can also be made from fish, fruits and vegetables.

Cottage cheese pancakes

• Cottage cheese - 200 gr;
• Wheat flour - 3 tbsp. spoons;
• Sour cream - 1 tbsp. spoon;
• Semolina - 1 tbsp. spoon;
• Chicken egg - 1 pc.;
• Sugar - 2 tablespoons.

Mix cottage cheese with semolina, sugar and egg. Leave for ten minutes, then add flour and knead the dough. If desired, raisins or chopped dried apricots can be added to the dough. Roll out balls from the resulting mass and dip in flour, then put on a baking sheet and lightly crush the workpieces. Top the cakes with sour cream and bake at 180 degrees for 20 minutes.

Cream soup with chicken and vegetables

• Chicken fillet - 300 gr;
• Potato - 3 tubers;
• Tomatoes - 1 large fruit;
• Bulb - 1 pc.;
• Carrot - 1 fruit.

Boil the chicken separately, wash and peel the vegetables. Finely chop the carrot and onion, peel the tomato and cut into pieces. Stew vegetables in vegetable oil for two to three minutes. Cut potatoes into cubes and drop into boiling water. Ten minutes after cooking, add the rest of the vegetables, cook until tender.

Cut the finished cooled meat into pieces, mix with vegetables and pass through a blender. Lightly dilute the resulting mixture with vegetable broth and bring to a boil. Salt if necessary. For older children, you can add bell pepper to the soup.

Two-year-old children are gradually introduced to adult food, but it is still too early to completely switch to a common table at this age. What nutritional features of a 2-year-old child should parents remember, what foods are still too early to try for a baby, and what is the best way to build a menu for a child of this age?

Diet

At the age of two, children's meals become four times a day and include breakfast and lunch, as well as afternoon tea and dinner. More frequent meals have a bad effect on appetite, and rarer ones - on the digestion of food and the well-being of the baby. Breaks between meals are 3.5-4 hours.

The principles of proper nutrition

1. The ratio of proteins and fats, as well as carbohydrates in the diet of a 2-year-old child should be 1:1:4 or 1:1:3. Proteins are the main building material for the growth of the child's body, so the children's diet should include sources such as dairy products, poultry, meat products, egg dishes, and fish. Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the child's body. The child receives them from cereals, fruits, sugar, bread, vegetables. Fats are also needed for the energy needs of the child's body.
2. A two-year-old child receives an average of 1400-1500 kcal per day. By caloric content, meals should be distributed as follows: 25% calories for breakfast, 30% calories for lunch, 15% calories for afternoon tea and 30% for dinner.
3. It is important to ensure sufficient intake of macro- and micronutrients, especially those that are responsible for the condition of the bones. The child will receive calcium from cottage cheese, milk, cheese, peas, dried apricots, cabbage, prunes, oatmeal and other products.
4. Spices and salt in the child's dishes should be kept to a minimum.

Needs of a 2 year old

• dairy products the baby should consume about 600 g per day. Kefir is recommended in an amount of up to 200 ml per day.
• In addition to the yolk, you can start giving the white of a boiled egg. The norm is half a boiled egg per day.
• Cheese the baby is recommended only with a small fat content and in the amount of 20 g per week.
• Cottage cheese recommended 50 g per day. It can be mixed with fruits, sour cream, sugar. You can also cook puddings, cheesecakes, dumplings from cottage cheese.
• Meat dishes made from lean veal, beef and pork. Children are also given chicken. These dishes are recommended for consumption in the morning, as they take a long time to digest. A sufficient amount of meat per day for a 2-year-old child is considered 50-80 g. It is permissible to include low-fat boiled sausage and lean boiled ham in the child's diet. Also, at two years old, you can start offering the child stew with pieces of meat and liver pate.
• Several times a week, the child replaces the meat dish with fish. The fish is boiled, stewed, cutlets and meatballs are also made from it. A two-year-old baby can be given a piece of herring. For a week, the child should eat up to 175 g of fish.
• Vegetables the baby should consume up to 250 g per day, but potatoes are advised to consume up to 150 g per day. Vegetable purees can be single component or complex. A two-year-old child can be given cabbage, beets, carrots, onions, pumpkins, eggplants, tomatoes, turnips, radishes, cucumbers, sweet peppers and other vegetables.
• Fruits and berries recommended in the amount of about 150-200 g per day.
• The diet may include pasta, as well as flour dishes.
• Norm of bread count up to 100 g per day (wheat - about 70 g, rye - about 30 g).
• The norm of confectionery is 10 g per day, and sugar - up to 50 g per day.
• In addition to cereals, the child can try cereal casseroles, as well as children's muesli. The most useful are oatmeal, buckwheat and rice porridge, as well as millet and corn. Barley porridge can already be introduced into the diet of a two-year-old child.
• Add to vegetable dishes vegetable oil up to 6 g per day.
• Butter It is advised to consume up to 16 g per day.

What liquids to give?

Water for every kilogram of weight of a 2-year-old child requires 100 ml per day. This daily amount of water includes any liquids that the child consumes (soups, compotes, milk, and others). If the weather is hot, the fluid volume should be increased. On average, a child at the age of two is advised to drink 1500 ml of water per day.

A two-year-old child can be given weak tea, rosehip infusion, compote, cocoa, milk, fruit and vegetable juices. Juice is recommended to drink in an amount of up to 150 ml per day.

How to make a menu?

• For breakfast, the child is given a main course in the amount of 200 g and a drink in the amount of 100-150 ml, as well as bread with butter or cheese.
• For lunch, it is useful for a child to eat a fresh vegetable salad or other snack in the amount of 40 g and a first course in a volume of 150 ml. Also, for lunch, the baby is given a meat or fish dish in the amount of 50-80 g and a side dish in the amount of 100 g. In addition, at lunch they give a drink, the volume of which will be 100 ml.
• For an afternoon snack, a child is recommended milk or kefir in a volume of 150 ml, as well as cookies (15 g) or homemade cakes (45 g). In addition, fruit or berries should be given for an afternoon snack.
• For dinner, the child, as well as for breakfast, is given a main course in the amount of 200 g and a drink in the amount of 150 ml.

Sample menu for the week

A child of two years of age can eat for a week according to the following menu:

Day of the week	Breakfast	Dinner	afternoon tea	Dinner
Tea with milk (100 ml) Bread with butter (30 g/10 g)	Cabbage salad with apple (40 g) Fish steam cutlet (60 g) Boiled rice (100 g) Apple juice (100 ml) Bread (50 g)	Kefir (150 ml) Cookies (15 g) Fresh apple (50 g)	Potato meatballs with egg (200 g) Rosehip infusion (150 ml) Bread (20 g)
	Cheesecakes with sour cream (200 g) Milk (150 ml) Bread with butter (30 g/10 g)	Carrot salad (40 g) Soup with fish meatballs (150 ml) Mashed potatoes (100 g) Dried fruit compote (100 ml) Bread (50 g)	Yogurt (150 ml) Milk cake (50 g)	Buckwheat porridge (150 g) Liver pate (50 g) Kissel (150 ml) Bread (20 g)
	Omelet (80 g) Cocoa with milk (150 ml) Bread with cheese (30 g/10 g)	Fresh vegetable salad (40 g) Borscht (150 ml) Vegetable puree (100 g) Beef meatballs (60 g) Rosehip infusion (100 ml) Bread (50 g)	Kefir (150 ml) Baked apples (60 g) Cookies (15 g)	Rice casserole (200 g) Tea with milk (150 ml) Bread (20 g)
	Oatmeal with apples (200 g) Milk (100 ml) Bread with butter (30 g/10 g)	Carrot and apple salad (40 g) Pumpkin puree soup (150 ml) Chicken meatball (60 g) Cauliflower puree (100 g) Tomato juice (100 ml) Bread (50 g)	Berry smoothie from kefir (150 ml) Cookies (15 g)	Stewed vegetables (200 g) Tea with honey (150 ml) Bread (20 g)
	Cottage cheese casserole (200 g) Cocoa with milk (100 ml) Bread with butter (30 g/10 g)	Green peas with butter (40 g) Homemade pickle (150 ml) Buckwheat porridge (100 g) Beef stroganoff (50 g) Compote of apples and pears (100 ml) Bread (50 g)	Kissel (150 ml) Homemade cracker (15 g)	Potato cutlets with turkey (200 g) Kefir (150 ml) Bread (20 g)
	Rice milk porridge with dried apricots (200 g) Tea with milk (150 ml) Bread with cheese (30 g/10 g)	Herring pate (40 g) Beetroot (150 ml) Corn porridge (100 g) Braised rabbit (50 g) Carrot-apple juice (100 ml) Bread (50 g)	Milk (150 ml) Cookies (15 g)	Potato and vegetable casserole (200 g) Kefir (150 ml) Bread (20 g)
Sunday	Milk vermicelli (200 g) Cocoa with milk (100 ml) Bread with butter (30 g/10 g)	Beet salad (40 g) Soup with beef meatballs (150 ml) Potato and green pea puree (100 g) Berry compote (100 ml) Bread (50 g)	Kefir (150 ml) Cookies (15 g)	Omelet (50 g) Millet milk porridge (150 g) Tea with milk (150 ml) Bread (20 g)

What should not be included in the diet?

What are the best ways to cook food?

Food for a two-year-old child is boiled, baked, stewed, steamed. It is still too early for children of this age to try fried food. At the same time, food is already less crushed, and more often offered with a mashed fork and pieces. Vegetables can be given both processed and raw.

Healthy Recipe Examples

Beet salad with cucumber and green peas

Take 50 g of beets and 25 g of fresh cucumber and green peas. Boil peas and beets. Finely chop the cucumber, add boiled peas and grated beets. Fill with 5 g of sunflower oil.

Salad of apples and prunes

Wash and peel an apple (70 g), grate on a coarse grater. Prunes (30 g) are pitted and soaked for a short time, then finely chopped. Combine grated apple and chopped prunes, add a teaspoon of sugar or honey.

Soup with fish meatballs and potatoes

Take 300 ml of fish broth, bring to a boil, put potatoes (50 g), carrots (15 g), onions (10 g) and parsley root (5 g) cut into small cubes. Simmer until the vegetables are tender, then add the fish fillet meatballs to the soup. For them, take 60 g of fillet, half a chicken egg, 10 g of white bread crumb and 20 ml of milk. Wait for the meatballs to float. Season the soup with fresh dill (3 g).

Steamed meatloaf with scrambled eggs

Prepare a cutlet mass from 100 g of meat, a quarter of a chicken egg, 30 ml of milk and 20 g of white bread. Mix the ingredients well and put on cheesecloth moistened with cool water. You should get a layer of minced meat about 1.5 centimeters thick. Separately, prepare a steam omelet with one egg and 25 ml of milk. Lay the omelette over the minced meat, carefully bringing the edges of the gauze together to form a roll. Steam for approximately 30 minutes.

Millet porridge with pumpkin

Take 150 ml of milk or water, bring to a boil, add peeled and diced pumpkin (100 g) and leave to cook for 7-10 minutes. At this time, rinse several times in hot water 30 g of millet groats. Pour it into water or milk with pumpkin, add a spoonful of sugar and cook for about 1 hour over low heat. Serve with butter.

Steamed cottage cheese pudding with raisins

For two servings, take 200 g of cottage cheese, grind it through a sieve, add 20 g of washed raisins. Rub an egg yolk with 20 ml of milk and 16 g of sugar. Combine the pounded yolk with the curd mass, add 10 g of butter (it must first be melted) and 4 teaspoons of semolina. Lastly, add the beaten egg white. Pour the mixture into greased moulds. Steam for 30-40 minutes.

Possible problems

At the age of two, the child strives for independence. At this time, many babies begin to manifest a developmental crisis, which also affects the area of ​​​​nutrition.

What to do if the child does not eat the foods that he needs?

Many parents worry that the child does not eat enough, in their opinion, is varied. At the age of two, babies can eat the same dish for several days, and this is the norm. There is no need to worry if the child eats at least one product from such groups: dairy products, meat, vegetables, cereals and fruits. For example, if there are bananas, potatoes, chicken, bread and kefir on the baby's menu, his food can be called varied.

If the child completely refuses food, there is no need to insist and force. Offer your baby food at certain times (according to the established diet), avoid snacking and make sure that the food is the right temperature and texture. The best tactic would be to constantly offer food, but not access easily digestible sweets and other foods that the child can eat between meals. When the child is hungry, he will eat what you give him.

How to understand that lack of appetite is a symptom of the disease?

In most cases, poor appetite is not associated with diseases, but with the presence of frequent snacks and the lack of a meal regimen. Another difficulty can be caused by an overly large portion. Seeing a large amount of food, a discouraged child will hasten to refuse food altogether. It is best to give the child a small amount of food, and when he eats everything, offer a supplement.

However, the loss of appetite is indeed a sign of illness, such as diseases of the digestive tract or any acute infections. The presence of other symptoms, such as fever, nausea, weight loss, changes in stool, and others, can lead parents to the idea that poor appetite is associated with the disease.

Binge eating

It is important to teach a child the basics of proper nutrition from early childhood, because obesity is a very common problem in adults. Parents should teach their kids to eat healthy food. There is no need to be mistaken and rejoice if a two-year-old eats large portions and has long since switched to a common table. This can undermine children's health and cause problems in the future.

Try to instill healthy eating habits in your child. It is best if the child eats at the table with other family members.

Never use food as a reward or promise your child something for an empty plate.

• Try to give your child less muffins, shortcrust pastries, pies, cakes, and similar foods. They are high in calories and low in nutrients. Sweets that can be given to a two-year-old baby include marshmallow, jam, honey, cookies, jam, waffles, jam, marmalade, marshmallows.
• If you give your child cottage cheese that is not intended for baby food, it should always be cooked.
• Since porridge for a 2-year-old child is advised to cook semi-viscous, liquids should be taken 4 times more than cereals. You can cook porridge both in water and in fruit or vegetable broth and in milk.
• Do not let your child eat on the go, as this is dangerous.
• If your child still drinks from a bottle, at the age of two, you should already refuse it. For kids who have not yet mastered the usual cup, buy a special (training) one.

Many parents give vitamins to a child from 2 years old. The feasibility of this issue is discussed in another article.

You can see how mothers feed their babies at 2 years old in the following videos.

What to feed a 2 year old baby? You can’t saturate it with mashed unsalted soup. He already has teeth, he trains them with pleasure if he is given a chicken leg. He sees what adults eat, and he reaches for new products. Is it possible to give him what dad and mom eat? When organizing the nutrition of a two-year-old baby, it is necessary to take into account the needs of a growing body for nutrients. At the same time, we must not forget that the delicate digestive system, liver and kidneys cannot cope with rough or spicy food. Much of what adults eat is still bad for him.

1. Right now he needs to be taught to chew food. The main thing is to make sure that he does not choke.
2. It is necessary to accustom to solid food, otherwise later it will be more difficult to get used to meat and fruits. The kid will be picky about food.
3. The nutrition of a child at 2 years old should include thick cereals, well-boiled meat and fish, stewed vegetables in pieces - foods that require chewing.
4. If until now he ate 5-6 times a day semi-liquid, pureed food, now he is able to eat more densely, and 4 meals a day is enough.
5. The most high-calorie food should be taken during lunch. If the baby overeats at dinner, then he will sleep worse. Besides, he doesn't want to eat breakfast in the morning.

Foods needed for a 2 year old baby

The range of products that a child should consume is expanding significantly.

Milk and dairy products

It is necessary to consume milk with a fat content of at least 3.2% and fermented milk products daily. Up to 500 ml of these products can be given per day. The diet must include up to 50 g of cottage cheese with at least 5% fat content.

A teaspoon of cream or sour cream should be added to dishes, a small piece of cheese should be given daily. From cottage cheese and cheese, it is sometimes recommended to cook cheesecakes or dumplings. Although raw cottage cheese is healthier.

Meat

Until now, the baby was recommended to give only mashed potatoes or steam cutlets of beef and chicken. Now the range is expanding. In the menu, you can add dishes from low-fat pork, rabbit. The meat of ducks and geese contains indigestible fats, so you should not give them to such a small child. But lean turkey is good for him.

Animal food contains vitamin A, without which the child's normal physical development and growth is impossible. The content of this vitamin and valuable proteins is especially high in the liver, so it is useful to cook pate or meatballs from it. In addition, the liver is more tender than meat, offal dishes (liver, heart, tongue) are easier to digest and assimilate in the child's body.

The child is given up to 100 g of any meat per day. Occasionally, it can be replaced by sausages (milk sausages or low-fat boiled diet sausage).

Advice: It is better to give sausages marked "for children", as they contain a minimum of harmful food additives, their composition is controlled more strictly.

Fish

The fats contained in fish are easily digestible, contain special amino acids necessary for the formation of the vascular system and the nutrition of the brain. Regular consumption of fish is necessary for the development of speech, memory and other mental abilities. The child needs to be given about 30-40 g of fish per day. It is recommended to give sea or river fish of low-fat varieties (cod, hake, carp).

Fish is fried or boiled, cutlets or fish soups are prepared. Do not give smoked, canned fish, as well as caviar (it is a high-calorie product that can cause allergies). You can give your child soaked low-fat herring. The fish must be thoroughly deboned.

Vegetables and greens

Plant foods are the main source of vitamins. At 2 years old, the child’s diet should include not only vegetable purees, but also stewed vegetables cut into pieces, as well as vegetable salads. Spinach dishes are very useful. In vegetable dishes, be sure to add fresh parsley, green onions, a little garlic. This helps to create taste sensations. Fiber, contained in plant foods, is necessary for the normal functioning of the intestines, preventing constipation.

Fruits and berries

A two-year-old baby needs to eat 100-150 g of fruits and berries every day. They must be cleaned of skin and bones so that the child does not choke. A baby bites a piece of an apple or pear perfectly with his teeth. Children love bananas and plums. Citruses are very useful, but they must be given with great care, as children are often allergic to them. This also applies to strawberries and raspberries.

It is necessary to take into account: Some fruits and berries (pear, black currant, blueberry) fix the intestines. If a child often has constipation, then it is better to offer him kiwi, cherries, plums, apricots.

Babies under 1.5 years old are usually given clarified juices. From the age of 2, you can give natural juices with pulp (up to 150 ml per day). This will help stimulate the bowels.

Porridge and pasta

For the normal functioning of the intestines, the baby needs to eat buckwheat, oatmeal, rice and other cereals, as they are rich in protein, contain the necessary micro and macro elements, vitamins. Pasta is prepared as a side dish or added to soups (up to 50 g per day).

Sugar and sweets

It is not recommended to spoil the child with sweets. He may develop a craving for sweetened foods. This has a bad effect on appetite, on metabolism. Sugar should be no more than 40 g in the daily diet (taking into account the fact that it is contained in sweet juices, jams). Sometimes you can treat your baby with marmalade or marshmallow. Chocolate often causes an allergic reaction in a child. In addition, it excites the nervous system.

Video: Useful and harmful products

Sample menu for a week for a child of 2 years

Day	Breakfast	Dinner	afternoon tea	Dinner
1	Buckwheat porridge with milk - 200 g White bread with jam - 1 slice Cocoa - 100 ml	Tomato and cucumber salad with sour cream - 40 g Pumpkin soup with potatoes and meat - 150 g Rice porridge - 80 g Bread Apple juice - 0.5 cup	Yogurt - 150 ml Banana - 0.5 pieces Cookies - 1 piece	Stewed vegetables with fish - 200 g Bread Kefir - 0.5 cup
2	Cottage cheese casserole with fruits and nuts - 200 g Cocoa - 150 ml Bread, butter	Salad of apples and carrots with vegetable oil - 40 g Soup with egg and dumplings - 150 g Boiled meat - 50 g Kissel from berries - 100 ml Rye bread	Milk - 150 ml Cookies - 2-3 things	Omelet - 50 g Pancake with jam Kefir - 150 ml
3	Hercules porridge - 150 g Bread and butter Cocoa - 100 ml	Fish soup with potatoes and rice -150 g Spinach casserole with egg - 80 g Juice - 100 ml Rye bread	Kissel - 150 ml Cookies - 3 pieces Banana - 0.5 pieces	Milk pudding - 150 g Cookies - 2 pieces Sweet tea - 100 ml
4	Pumpkin porridge with rice - 100 g Cocoa - 100 ml Cheesecake - 1 piece	Salad of beets and apples Rice soup with meat Vareniki with cottage cheese - 2 pieces Tea with sugar	Omelet - 100 g White bread with butter Tea or compote - 150 ml	Kefir - 150 ml Croutons - 50 g
5	Millet porridge with milk, with butter - 150 g Cocoa - 100 ml Cookies - 1 piece	Rice fish soup - 150 g Pasta with sour cream - 50 g Bread Compote - 150 ml Fruit - 100 g	Curd with cream - 50 g Cookies - 3 pieces Rosehip tea with sugar - 150 ml	Yogurt - 150 ml Cookies - 2 pieces
6	Buckwheat porridge with butter - 100 g Pancake with cottage cheese - 1 piece Sweet tea	Apple and carrot salad - 50 g Milk soup with vermicelli - 150 g Meat cutlet - 1 piece Tea with sugar - 100 ml Rye bread	Pancake with jam Pumpkin and carrot porridge - 80 g Tea with milk	Kefir - 150 ml Cheesecake - 1 piece
7	Baked apple - 1 piece Hercules porridge - 100 g cookies - 1 piece Cocoa - 100 ml	Salad of apples, bananas and kiwi - 50 g Rice soup with chicken - 150 g Pasta with minced meat - 80 g Tea with milk	Vegetable stew with meat - 100 g Bread Dried fruit compote - 150 ml	Kefir - 150 ml Cookies -3 pieces

Video: Weekly menu for a child at 2 years old

Despite the fact that the nutrition of a baby at the age of 2 years is already approaching an adult, he needs to be prepared separately. Do not put pepper, vinegar, tomato paste (it contains food additives) in children's borscht, stew or stew.

It is recommended to prepare food for the child at one time. When food is heated, food components lose their beneficial properties. It is desirable to feed the child at a certain time, you can not force him to eat if he refuses any product. It may be enough to remove one of the components of the dish or change the consistency. Between feedings, the child should be given water to drink. Juices or other drinks spoil the appetite.

Each parent cares about the health of his child, so questions about his proper diet never go unnoticed. The menu of a child at 2 years old becomes more varied and satisfying. The nutrition of a two-year-old baby has its own characteristics, which you should be aware of. Children at this age are gradually getting acquainted with adult food, but it is still too early to completely go over it. Much of what you eat is still harmful to the digestive system of a small organism.

When compiling the menu of a 2-year-old child, it is necessary to take into account the needs of a growing body for nutrients. The baby has teeth, and he is already able to chew food. You need to gradually accustom him to solid food: thick cereals, boiled meat, fruits and vegetables.

The most high-calorie food should be taken at lunch. Due to the rapid development and growth of a small organism, its nutrition at 2 years old is fundamentally different from what it was at 1 year old.

Diet

At the age of 2, a child's nutrition becomes four times a day and consists of breakfast, lunch, afternoon tea and dinner. Pediatricians say that children should eat 4-5 times a day. It should be remembered that frequent feedings will lead to poor appetite, and more rare ones will affect the digestive system and, accordingly, the well-being of your child.

Breaks between meals should not exceed 3-4 hours. By the age of two, the baby develops his own food preferences, favorite and unloved dishes appear. New products and ways of processing them are gradually introduced into its menu. In a toddler at 2 years old, the usual routine changes slightly. A desire for independence is manifested, which parents should only support, and not suppress.

The value of food as fuel for the body is measured in heat units called calories. Every day a child receives an average of 1400-1500 kcal. By caloric content, meals are distributed as follows: 25% of calories for breakfast, 30% of calories for lunch, 15% for afternoon tea and the remaining 30% for dinner. The most important thing is to ensure sufficient intake of essential minerals, macro- and microelements, vitamins.

Needs of a 2 year old

Mothers all over the world have to think daily about what to feed their child. Food should be steamed, baked or boiled. The ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in the baby's diet should be 1:1:4.

Proteins are the main building material for the growth of the body, so dairy products, meat, fish and eggs should be included in the diet of a 2-year-old child. Carbohydrates are needed as a source of energy for children. These are mainly cereals, fruits, sugar, flour products and vegetables. Fats act as a guarantor of the energy needs of a growing organism.

The menu for a child cannot include such products as:

• mayonnaise and ketchup;
• chocolate;
• smoked meats and sausages;
• pickled foods;
• carbonated drinks;
• mushrooms;
• margarine.

Allergies are common in today's world. If a 2-year-old peanut has an allergy, then its diet is adjusted, and all food that can cause discomfort is excluded. With such hypersensitivity to certain foods, a hypoallergenic diet for children is suggested. consists of safe products that do not cause a negative reaction in the baby. For allergy sufferers, only the right diet will eliminate the risk of contact with potentially dangerous foods.

As for the liquid for a 2-year-old baby, about 100 ml of water is required for each kilogram of weight. per day. The amount of water includes any liquids that the child drinks: soups, compotes, milk, kefir, tea and others. Of course, in hot weather, the volume of liquid increases.

How best to make a menu

It is recommended to cook food for a child at 2 years old only once, since when the food is heated, its components lose their beneficial properties. significantly different from the diet of a two-year-old baby. As for the weekly menu for two-year-old children, it must be compiled taking into account all the needs of your little one's body. What does it include:

• In the morning, the main course is given in the amount of 200 g, bread with butter or cheese. The drink should be 100-150 ml.
• For lunch - the first course, for example, soup in a volume of 150 ml. For the second - a meat or fish dish - somewhere around 50-80 g and a side dish - about 100 g, compote or juice - 100 ml.
• An afternoon snack consists of kefir in a volume of 150 ml, cookies or pastries in a volume of 40 g, fruits and berries.
• Dinner in the amount of the main course 200 g and a drink 150 ml.

Dr. Komarovsky argues that feeding a child with high-quality and varied food is a prerequisite for the moral well-being of parents.

A tasty and healthy menu, enriched with vitamins and minerals, will contribute to the healthy growth and development of a growing baby. A 2-year-old child is already familiar with many foods from the adult table, and his tastes grow with him.

New gastronomic discoveries give the baby the opportunity to learn about the world around him. For these acquaintances with adult cuisine to be successful, mothers should follow some rules for compiling a diet for their children:

• Acquaintance of the baby with a new product should be started in the first half of the day in order to trace the body's reaction to it and avoid adverse consequences in case of allergic and other manifestations.
• Portions offered to a child at 2 years old should not be large - a new dish always starts with a couple of teaspoons.
• Feeding is a special ritual for both: for mother and baby. Therefore, the preparations for the meal and the process itself should be pleasant and useful at the same time. The diet for children of 2 years of age is an important rule for the formation of healthy habits.
• Snacks may be on the children's menu, but they should not be frequent, but used in rare situations when a full meal is not available. But even snacking should be in a calm environment (not “on the go”) for favorable digestion and child safety.
• The diet of two-year-old babies must necessarily include meat, fish, cottage cheese (processed with heat), sour-milk products, cereals, and always fruits and vegetables (daily). Full feeding will be the key to good immunity during the period of acquaintance of the child with kindergarten. It is worth being careful with bakery products, rich, store-bought sweets with a long list of ingredients and all sorts of chemical additives.
• At the age of 2, a child should be taught the rules of behavior at the table. Most of this process will fall on the shoulders of the kindergarten teacher, however, as you know, all the habits of a child come from his family, so we instill the rules of etiquette by our own example!
• For little "not wanting" you can come up with different stories of products and dishes. Let the process of eating the "unloved" dish become full of adventure for the baby. Let him come up with interesting names for the products - this will stimulate a new interest in food in him.
• Options for serving dishes from the menu can be standard, without frills, but such meals quickly get bored by small gourmets. The solution in such matters will be an interesting design of the dish, let it be funny faces or magical animals - this is the perfect way to get the baby to eat raw vegetables.
• A two-year-old baby is already quite an adult, and you can safely put him at a common table. Do not forget that a small child takes an example from an adult brother or sister, from his parents - let your joint meal be constant. Then the obligation of mothers to feed the baby with their own hands will soon disappear.

If you follow these simple recommendations, you will instill in your child the necessary skills for independent nutrition. This will make life easier for both mothers and, in the future, for his kindergarten teachers. And besides, it is such a happiness to see the healthy appetite of your child, which will undoubtedly be the foundation for strong immunity in the future.

Balanced menu for the week

At 2 years old, the diet of children is more diverse, so it becomes necessary to create a seven-day menu consisting of various first and second courses.

Here are sample menu options for the week.

Breakfast

• Semolina porridge, tea, bread and butter.
• Cheesecakes, milk.
• Omelette, cocoa, bread with cheese.
• Milk oatmeal, tea.
• Cottage cheese casserole, bread and butter, tea.
• Rice milk porridge with dried apricots, cocoa, bread with cheese.
• Milk vermicelli, tea, bread and butter.

Dinner

• Borscht, boiled rice with fish steam cutlet, coleslaw, compote, bread.
• Soup with meatballs, mashed potatoes, carrot salad, dried fruit compote.
• Borscht, vegetable puree, beef meatballs, rosehip infusion.
• Pumpkin puree soup, chicken meatball, carrot and apple salad, pasta, jelly.
• Soup with fish meatballs, buckwheat porridge, green peas, berry compote.
• Corn porridge, stewed rabbit, vegetable puree soup, juice.
• Soup with beef meatballs, coleslaw, wheat porridge, compote.

afternoon tea

• Kefir, cookies, apple.
• Yogurt, homemade pastries.
• Kefir, baked apples, cookies.
• Kissel, homemade crackers, cottage cheese.
• Milk, cookies, baked pumpkin.
• Kefir, bread, banana.
• Cottage cheese, cookies, fruit puree.

Dinner

• Potato meatballs with egg, rosehip infusion, bread.
• Buckwheat porridge, steamed cutlet, jelly.
• Rice casserole, milk tea, bread.
• Stewed vegetables, stewed veal, juice, bread.
• Mashed potatoes with boiled turkey, kefir.
• Wheat porridge and scrambled eggs, jelly.
• Rice casserole, stewed vegetables, tea with milk.

At 2.5 years old, the baby can already be given 50 g of cheese and about 20 g of 10% sour cream.

In winter and spring, there are usually few fresh vegetables and fruits on store shelves. In a child's life, this can lead to hypovitaminosis due to the lack of vitamin "C". In order to prevent this, it is necessary to add rosehip infusion to the menu.

Thus, a compromise has been found between tasty and healthy food for every day. A well-designed weekly menu will save parents from thinking what to cook for the baby tomorrow, and will allow you to buy the necessary products in advance. You can experiment with recipes, the main thing is to follow the basic rules.

Holiday menu

What menu to choose for a child's birthday? Of course, you want your 2-year-old child to have a bright, interesting, and memorable holiday. Parents themselves carefully think over and organize everything so that it is interesting and tasty, especially for children. Mothers have a difficult task ahead of them. It is necessary to prepare such food that would be both tasty and healthy. Dishes should be served on the table in a special way to attract the attention of children.

From the children's birthday menu, products such as smoked meats, pickles, fresh fruits that cause an allergic reaction in two-year-olds, mayonnaise, chocolate, fish with bones, cake with fatty cream should be excluded.

Popular dishes on the festive table

• Today, sandwiches in the form of canapes are very popular. To attract the attention of little ones, they are made in the form of boats, stars, bugs. Cooking recipes are different, mainly made from bread, boiled or baked meat, cheese and vegetables. You can turn on your imagination and prepare canapes from your child's favorite products.
• Particular attention in the festive children's menu is given to healthy salads. They can be laid out on plates in the form of a flower or an animal, such a serving attracts the attention of kids. The salad should be hearty and light. With great pleasure, children eat salads from fruits and vegetables.
• As for the second courses, you can prepare a side dish and a meat dish in addition to it. The latter is preferably prepared from minced meat. It will turn out, firstly, tender and soft, and secondly, kids will be able to chew it easily. It can be: chicken zrazy, meatballs, cutlets.
• From drinks, juices, milkshakes with the addition of berries and fruits are well suited.
• As for the birthday cake, children can be served "Carrot cake", "Bird's milk", "Biscuit" or any other without fatty cream.

A two-year-old toddler needs a healthy diet. His food should be fresh and of high quality, balanced with useful substances. Such food does not require special culinary techniques and gourmet delights. Parents should establish clear rules for compiling a children's menu at 2 years old and try to follow the daily routine. It is necessary to encourage the baby to eat a variety of foods that contribute to its harmonious development. As for the taste whims of the child, they can be corrected in time by resorting to small pedagogical tricks.

Dosage form - capsules with modified release: hard gelatin, size No. 1, light pink (dosage 1.5 mg 5 mg), pink (dosage 1.5 mg 10 mg) or red-brown (dosage 1.5 mg 20 mg) (in a cardboard box 1, 2, 4 or 8 blisters of 14 capsules and instructions for use Diroton Plus).

Composition of capsules containing active substances:

• dosage 1.5 mg 5 mg: one white, biconvex, oval film-coated tablet, debossed with "CP3" on one side and scored on the other, containing 1.5 mg of indapamide, and one white, round, biconvex tablet, debossed with "CN3" on one side, containing 5 mg of lisinopril (as lisinopril dihydrate - 5.444 mg);
• 1.5 mg 10 mg dosage: One white, biconvex, oval film-coated tablet, debossed with "CP3" on one side and scored on the other, containing 1.5 mg of indapamide, and one white, round, biconvex tablet, debossed with "CN4" on one side, containing 10 mg of lisinopril (as lisinopril dihydrate). la - 10.888 mg);
• dosage 1.5 mg 20 mg: one white biconvex oval film-coated tablet, debossed with "CP3" on one side and scored on the other, containing indapamide in an amount of 1.5 mg, and two white round biconvex tablets engraved with "CN4" on one side, containing lisinopril in an amount of 20 mg (as lisinopril dihydrate - 21 .776 mg).

Auxiliary components (1.5 mg 5 mg / 1.5 mg 10 mg / 1.5 mg 20 mg, respectively):

• tablets: microcrystalline cellulose PH 102 - 9/9/9 mg; lactose monohydrate - 84/84/84 mg; talc - 2.5 / 2.5 / 5 mg; colloidal silicon dioxide - 0.75 / 0.75 / 0.75 mg; magnesium stearate - 2.42 / 2.42 / 4.09 mg; calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate - 58.566 / 53.122 / 106.244 mg; mannitol - 16.67 / 16.67 / 33.34 mg; hypromellose (type 2208) - 49.5 / 49.5 / 49.5 mg; corn starch - 12.15 / 12.15 / 24.3 mg; croscarmellose sodium - 3/3/6 mg;
• capsule (gelatin - 83.16 / 83.12 / 83.98%; crimson dye Ponceau 4R - 0 / 0.383 2 / 0.215 6%; red iron oxide dye - 0.118 / 0 / 0.5%; titanium dioxide - 2.226 3/2 / 0.8%; water - 14.5 / 14.5 / 14.5%) - 76/76/76 mg;
• shell: Opadry II white (macrogol-3350 - 20.2 / 20.2 / 20.2%; titanium dioxide - 25/25/25%; polyvinyl alcohol - 40/40/40%; talc - 14.8 / 14.8 / 14.8%) - 4.5 / 4.5 / 4.5 mg.

Diroton Plus, instructions for use: method and dosage

Diroton Plus is prescribed for the treatment of essential arterial hypertension in patients who are indicated for combination therapy.

Absolute:

• severe renal failure (with creatinine clearance (amp)lt; 30 ml / min);
• severe liver dysfunction or hepatic encephalopathy;
• hypokalemia;
• combination therapy with drugs containing aliskiren in patients with impaired renal function (at a glomerular filtration rate (amp)lt; 60 ml / min / 1.73 m 2) or diabetes mellitus;
• burdened history of angioedema (including Quincke's edema) associated with the use of ACE inhibitors;
• idiopathic or hereditary angioedema;
• galactosemia, lactose intolerance, galactose and glucose malabsorption syndrome;
• pregnancy and lactation;
• age up to 18 years;
• individual intolerance to the components of the drug, as well as other ACE inhibitors and sulfonamide derivatives.

Relative (Diroton Plus capsules are used under close medical supervision):

• liver / kidney failure;
• stenosis of the renal artery in the presence of a single kidney, bilateral stenosis of the renal arteries;
• condition after kidney transplantation;
• severe autoimmune systemic connective tissue diseases (including systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma);
• aortic stenosis;
• hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy;
• cerebrovascular diseases (including cerebrovascular insufficiency);
• coronary insufficiency;
• cardiac ischemia;
• myelosuppression;
• diabetes;
• azotemia;
• hyperkalemia;
• adherence to a salt-restricted diet;
• primary aldosteronism;
• lengthening on the ECG (electrocardiogram) of the QT interval;
• conditions that are associated with a decrease in the volume of circulating blood (including vomiting and diarrhea);
• violations of water and electrolyte balance;
• hyperparathyroidism;
• high serum concentration of uric acid in the blood;
• weakened condition in patients or patients who receive combined treatment with other antiarrhythmic drugs;
• elderly age.

Diroton Plus capsules are taken orally, regardless of food intake, daily, preferably at the same time in the morning.

Fixed-dose combination preparations should generally not be used for initial therapy. Diroton Plus should be prescribed to patients who have achieved adequate control of arterial hypertension when using lisinopril and indapamide at the doses present in the combined preparation.

If dose adjustment is necessary, indapamide and lisinopril should be used separately.

In case of violations of kidney function during the period of therapy, it is necessary to monitor their function, as well as the plasma content of sodium and potassium in the blood. With a deterioration in renal function, Diroton Plus is canceled and replaced with individually selected drugs.

In elderly patients, it is necessary to monitor the plasma concentration of creatinine in the blood and evaluate its compliance with age, sex and weight.

Indapamide

The toxic effects of the drug when used in very high doses (up to 40 mg, i.e. 27 times higher than the therapeutic dose) were not noted.

nausea, vomiting, decreased blood pressure, dizziness, convulsions, confusion, drowsiness, polyuria or oliguria leading to anuria (due to hypovolemia).

Emergency care: removal of indapamide from the body, administration of activated charcoal and / or gastric lavage with restoration of water and electrolyte balance.