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Passing points in universities 2015 on the budget Every year they change and depend on the current popularity of the university. If a huge number of applicants with a hundred points will come, then the passing balls are sharply up. It establishes only minimum balls for accepting applicants, relying on the results of the USE and its popularity.
Minimal EG Balls Mounted Rosobrnadzor
This year Rosobrnadzor set the following minimum balls on the exam: Social Studies - 39, Russian Language - 36, Informatics - 40, Biology - 36, Geography - 37, Chemistry - 36, Physics - 36, Literature - 32, History - 32, Mathematics - 24, Foreign Language - 20. These balls need to be dial On the exam to get the standings. Based on this, it is possible to distinguish the items that the government considers the acquired and those who ignore which says goodbye to students. Thus, informatics and social studies are the most important subject, then there is a number of technical, natural sciences from biology, geography of physics and chemistry. Knowledge in literature, stories are not particularly needed, and mathematics and foreign language are generally unnecessary. But it is not clear how the student should gain in physics one and a half times more points than in mathematics. And why the Russian language is valued more than history, including domestic. Many are rejoicing that the requirements for a foreign language are low, but joy will pass when graduates of schools will begin to look for work and will see in demands on the knowledge of knowledge of the English language. How to fly at least such points? Train! Come with the results and correct answers on the educational portal "learn here"
Required points for admission to universities
For admission to most universities for any specialty 270 points in the amount of three subjects are enough. This means that it is necessary to take the exam for 90 points. To have a large list of strong institutions and universities, 230 points will be enough, and get 75 points on the exam. The most important requirements for the points of the MEPI with the specialty information and analytical security systems. For admission to this specialty, 284 points will need in the amount of Russian, mathematics and physics. For admission to the financial university, the economy will require 283 points in mathematics, Russian language and social studies
Investigation of the quality of admission to Russian universities "Higher School of Economics" and the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, together with Mia Russia today, has been held for five years since 2011. The study is based on the analysis of the information presented on the sites of higher educational institutions, which is checked with these reports of universities in the Ministry of Education and Science. If necessary, data is accusable with admissions of universities.
The results of the study (often they are called the monitoring of the quality of admission) are widely used primarily by applicants that make a decision on the choice of university and educational program, as well as universities themselves to analyze their position in the higher education market. The Ministry of Education and Science of Russia and the leadership of Russian regions rely on the results of monitoring when evaluating the work of universities and developing educational policies.
By tradition, the first part of the study is the results of enrollment on budget places - it seems to be the Minister of Education and Science of Russia and the Rector of HSE in early September. In October, the second part of the study is published, which includes an analysis of paid reception (the number of enrolled, average score and the cost of training), as well as its comparison with the quality and size of the budget set.
Monitoring includes only full-time training, as well as only those universities, the reception in which is determined by the EGE contest and the Olympiads. The monitoring does not participate creative universities and universities of power departments.
General observations
- The average scores of the EE enrolled in budget places, as a rule, on 5-6 points above the middle scores of the EE enrolled in paid places - this ratio is maintained throughout the entire monitoring.
- According to the total number of applicants for the 1st course, the budget set is about two times higher than the paid one.
Fig. 1. Medium Points of EE enrolled on budget and paid places and the total number of first-year students, 2011-2016
| 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | |
| wed Balle Ege enrolled in budget places | 63,6 | 63,5 | 67,2 | 64,3 | 65,7 | 66,6 |
| enrolled in budget places, people. | 286 621 | 302 656 | 299 822 | 281 583 | 288 154 | 275 566 |
| cf. Balle Ege enrolled in paid places | 57,5 | 56,6 | 61,9 | 57,3 | 60,3 | 60,8 |
| enrolled in paid places, people. | 99 131 | 151 581 | 158 335 | 148 393 | 136 386 | 154 293 |
- Most of all applicants come to classic universities and technical universities.
Fig. 2. Distribution of freshmen for universities of different profiles, 2016 
- In general, in Russia, the highest middle scores of the EE entrancers demonstrate medical universities. Weak applicants are more in technical, pedagogical and agricultural universities.
Fig. 3. Medium points of the EE enrolled on budget and paid places, by universities of different profiles, 2011-2015 
Table 1. Top 20 universities with the highest medium scam points among enrolled in budget places, 2011-2015
Popular preparation directions
How much of the profession is attractive in the eyes of applicants and their families, can indirectly evaluate, comparing 1) the shares of winners and winners of the Olympiad among those enrolled in various areas of preparation (since this group of applicants is most freight in the choice of university) and 2) Enrolled in paid places (as this group of applicants chooses where to invest their own means).
The absolute leader remains the direction of "international relations": the share of "Olympiants" in it reaches 13% (and this is the largest share among all directions), and the enrolled in paid places make up three quarters of the entire set.
In general, by the share of paid reception, social and humanitarian preparation directions are noticeably ahead of technical.
Table 2. Groups of preparation directions with the largest (more than 70%) and the smallest (less than 5%) paid set
| Group of directions | Enrolled in 2015 in total, people | Of these, credited to paid places,% | |
| large | 3973 | 77,9 | |
| Economy | 35526 | 77,7 | |
| International relationships | 4063 | 77,4 | |
| 6339 | 76,7 | ||
| Jurisprudence | 23129 | 73,1 | |
| small | 3782 | 4,8 | |
| Rural and fisheries | 16656 | 4,7 | |
| Technological machines and equipment | 7578 | 4,6 | |
| Geography | 2319 | 4,4 | |
| 9429 | 4,4 | ||
| Water transport management | 1050 | 3,9 | |
| Printing and packaging | 332 | 3,6 | |
| Forest case | 3067 | 3,4 | |
| Technology light industry | 807 | 2,4 | |
| Armament | 719 | 1,9 | |
| Metallurgy | 1492 | 1,9 | |
| Materials | 1839 | 1,5 | |
| Sea machinery | 1772 | 1,4 | |
| Soil science | 297 | 1,0 |
The same preparation directions are chosen for themselves and preferential categories of incoming: their share is most high (from 7 to 8.5%) in the directions "State and Municipal Management", "Economics", "Jurisprudence", "Advertising and Public Relations", "International Relations", "Management".
Table 3. Directions of training, among those enrolled on which the share of applicants with special rights exceeds 7%, 2015
According to the share of Olympics, the composition of the leaders' directions is less neglect: along with humanitaries, physics, mathematics and chemistry occupy noticeable positions.
Table 4. Directions of preparation, among the enrolled on which the share of winners and winners Olympiads exceeds 4%, 2015
| Group of directions | Share of Olympiants,% | |
| International relationships | 4063 | 13,38 |
| Physics | 5240 | 7,28 |
| Oriental Science and Africanist | 1310 | 6,85 |
| Theory of Arts | 438 | 6,67 |
| Design | 2801 | 6,48 |
| 7735 | 5,35 | |
| Public Advertising and Communication | 3973 | 5,01 |
| Mathematics | 10463 | 4,93 |
| Nuclear Physics and Technology | 1201 | 4,59 |
| Economy | 35526 | 4,51 |
| Chemistry | 3144 | 4,25 |
The needs of enterprises and organizations, regional and municipal authorities, expressed in the profile of the target set, focus on the basic professions for society: doctors, teachers, lawyers and technicians in the field of transport.
Table 5. Directions of training, among the accrued on which the share of "Keevikov" exceeds 15%, 2015
| Group of directions | Enrolled on budget and paid places of all, people | Share "Keevikov",% |
| Health | 41310 | 50,12 |
| Aviation and Rocket and Space Technology | 3782 | 44,59 |
| Aviation Systems (Operation) | 1712 | 28,90 |
| Armament | 719 | 23,26 |
| Vehicles | 13315 | 21,86 |
| Electronic equipment, radio engineering and communication | 9429 | 19,59 |
| Jurisprudence | 23129 | 19,44 |
| Teacher Education | 27978 | 16,78 |
| Oil and gas business | 3194 | 16,47 |
| Mechanical engineering | 2286 | 16,22 |
| Sea machinery | 1772 | 15,28 |
Strong and weak preparation directions
| University | 2015 (place in ranking) | 2014 (place in the ranking) | 2013 (place in the ranking) | 2012 (place in ranking) | 2011 (place in the ranking) | Enrolled on the budget 2015 | Sr. Balle Ege (budget) 2015 | Enrolled on the budget 2014 | Sr. Balle Ege (budget) 2014 | Credited to the budget 2013 | SR BALL EGE (budget) 2013 | Credited to the budget 2012 | Sr. Balle Ege (budget) 2012 | Credited to the budget 2011 | Sr. Balle Ege (budget) 2011 |
| St. Petersburg Academic University - Nanotechnology Scientific and Education Center | 1 | 59 | 95,5 | ||||||||||||
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 436 | 94,7 | 416 | 93,8 | 450 | 96,5 | 463 | 93,7 | 448 | 93,7 | |
| 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 890 | 93,8 | 926 | 92,7 | 944 | 93,6 | 867 | 91,2 | 854 | 90 | |
| 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1989 | 91,5 | 1873 | 91,4 | 2102 | 94,2 | 1596 | 93,4 | 1721 | 90 | |
| 5 | 9 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 208 | 89,4 | 187 | 85,5 | 185 | 90,6 | 171 | 86,8 | 175 | 84,4 | |
| 6 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 2340 | 88,1 | 2365 | 88 | 2640 | 89 | 2915 | 84,2 | 2887 | 82,6 | |
| 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 3848 | 87,1 | 3919 | 86,3 | 3998 | 89,3 | 3829 | 86,6 | 3912 | 85,6 | |
| 8 | 10 | 16 | 37 | 36 | 475 | 86,3 | 607 | 84,8 | 865 | 85 | 1249 | 77,2 | 1215 | 76,9 | |
| Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow | 9 | 8 | 17 | 11 | 13 | 611 | 85,6 | 640 | 86 | 575 | 85 | 561 | 83,3 | 511 | 81,1 |
| State Institute of Russian Language. A.S. Pushkin, Moscow | 10 | 11 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 75 | 85,6 | 46 | 83,5 | 42 | 87,6 | 42 | 85,7 | 40 | 89 |
| 11 | 15 | 21 | 14 | 34 | 529 | 84,6 | 621 | 82,8 | 697 | 84,4 | 444 | 82 | 474 | 77,8 | |
| Samara State Economic University | 12 | 28 | 67 | 65 | 50 | 204 | 84 | 212 | 79,2 | 259 | 77,9 | 219 | 74,3 | 218 | 75,1 |
| 13 | 5 | 5 | 12 | 19 | 620 | 83,2 | 565 | 87,8 | 592 | 90,1 | 573 | 82,9 | 592 | 80,7 | |
| 14 | 6 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 1034 | 83 | 1032 | 87,3 | 1398 | 87,4 | 628 | 91,1 | 582 | 89,4 | |
| St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics | 15 | 12 | 26 | 15 | 20 | 1122 | 82,7 | 1173 | 83 | 1282 | 83,6 | 1372 | 81,9 | 1377 | 80,2 |
| Nizhny Novgorod State Linguistic University. ON THE. Dobrolyubov | 16 | 19 | 14 | 13 | 25 | 177 | 82,7 | 181 | 80,7 | 167 | 85,3 | 167 | 82,5 | 169 | 79,1 |
| 17 | 18 | 13 | 29 | 29 | 576 | 82,6 | 449 | 81 | 540 | 85,3 | 510 | 79,2 | 554 | 78,5 | |
| St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Design | 18 | 34 | 48 | 49 | 71 | 481 | 82,5 | 441 | 78 | 385 | 80,9 | 409 | 75,7 | 500 | 72,5 |
| Russian Academy of Justice, Moscow | 19 | 20 | 20 | 5 | 6 | 83 | 82,5 | 91 | 80,4 | 102 | 84,5 | 87 | 87,8 | 78 | 86 |
| 20 | 14 | 11 | 10 | 17 | 866 | 82,3 | 1142 | 82,8 | 1146 | 85,6 | 926 | 83,3 | 850 | 80,9 | |
| 21 | 16 | 12 | 20 | 10 | 943 | 82 | 930 | 82,7 | 895 | 85,4 | 791 | 81,3 | 760 | 82 | |
| First State Moscow Medical University. THEM. Sechenov | 22 | 25 | 10 | 26 | 16 | 1262 | 81,8 | 1392 | 79,6 | 1351 | 86,1 | 1084 | 80,2 | 990 | 80,9 |
| 24 | 13 | 28 | 27 | 58 | 1341 | 81,2 | 1024 | 83 | 1056 | 83,3 | 932 | 79,7 | 1084 | 74,2 | |
| St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University | 25 | 24 | 24 | 18 | 21 | 430 | 81 | 455 | 79,7 | 445 | 83,7 | 445 | 81,5 | 439 | 80 |
| 30 | 31 | 15 | 17 | 14 | 425 | 80 | 420 | 78,5 | 366 | 85,1 | 375 | 81,9 | 392 | 81,1 | |
| St. Petersburg State University of St. Petersburg | 31 | 42 | 40 | 25 | 18 | 772 | 79,7 | 1035 | 76,7 | 696 | 81,5 | 702 | 80,4 | 678 | 80,9 |
| 36 | 17 | 18 | 31 | 15 | 367 | 79,3 | 359 | 81,4 | 345 | 85 | 341 | 78,5 | 334 | 81,1 | |
| Moscow State Technical University. AD Bauman. | 42 | 52 | 27 | 22 | 11 | 3088 | 78,5 | 2968 | 75,5 | 2824 | 83,3 | 2520 | 81,1 | 2756 | 81,3 |
| Literary Institute. A.M. Gorky, Moscow | 49 | 21 | 33 | 19 | 22 | 91 | 77,5 | 91 | 80 | 82 | 82,6 | 71 | 81,4 | 71 | 79,5 |
| 58 | 26 | 19 | 34 | 12 | 635 | 75,8 | 592 | 79,4 | 452 | 84,7 | 474 | 77,9 | 350 | 81,3 | |
| Dagestan State Medical Academy, Makhachkala | 131 | 94 | 29 | 16 | 23 | 485 | 69,9 | 486 | 71,2 | 485 | 83 | 467 | 81,9 | 484 | 79,4 |
Table 9. Top 20 universities in terms of paid reception (2011-2015)
| University | 2015 (place in ranking) | 2014 (place in the ranking) | 2013 (place in the ranking) | 2012 (place in ranking) | 2011 (place in the ranking) | Called for payments 2015 | Sr. Balle Ege enrolled in payments 2015 | Enrolled in paid places 2014 | CR Balle Ege enrolled in payments 2014 | Enrolled in paid places 2013 | Sr. Balle Ege enrolled in payments 2013 | Enrolled in paid places 2012 | CR Balle Ege enrolled in payments 2012 | Enrolled in paid places 2011 | CR Balle Ege enrolled in payments 2011 |
| Moscow Physics and Technology | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 149 | 82,5 | 74 | 78,9 | 119 | 80,9 | 113 | 77,7 | 60 | 76,1 |
| Moscow State Institute of International Relations | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 645 | 81,3 | 716 | 78,9 | 748 | 84,9 | 597 | 79,4 | 538 | 78,8 |
| National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 1965 | 79,3 | 914 | 77,8 | 1577 | 81,1 | 1145 | 77,9 | 889 | 75,8 |
| St. Petersburg State University | 4 | 5 | 9 | 13 | 13 | 774 | 77,3 | 890 | 75 | 1266 | 76,3 | 1298 | 69 | 972 | 68,1 |
| National Research Nuclear University "MIII", Moscow | 5 | 9 | 32 | 53 | 62 | 305 | 76 | 66 | 71,8 | 353 | 69,7 | 340 | 61,7 | 251 | 60,8 |
| Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov | 6 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 1807 | 74,3 | 1431 | 72,4 | 1352 | 78,3 | 1450 | 73,5 | 1339 | 72,7 |
| National Research University Higher School of Economics, Branch, St. Petersburg | 7 | 8 | 14 | 12 | 19 | 498 | 74,3 | 300 | 72 | 108 | 73,7 | 88 | 69,1 | 51 | 66,3 |
| First St. Petersburg State Medical University. I.P. Pavlova | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 33 | 415 | 72,6 | 253 | 72,2 | 345 | 77,6 | 195 | 71,9 | 222 | 63,3 |
| All-Russian Academy of Foreign Trade, Moscow | 9 | 12 | 8 | 10 | 20 | 347 | 72,5 | 373 | 69,1 | 362 | 76,5 | 371 | 69,2 | 227 | 66,2 |
| Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics "Higher School of Economics" | 10 | 10 | 17 | 28 | 91 | 63 | 71,1 | 12 | 70,4 | 35 | 72,8 | 28 | 64,6 | 24 | 58,2 |
| Russian National Research Medical University. N.I. Pirogova, Moscow | 11 | 60 | 45 | 42 | 72 | 533 | 70,7 | 367 | 61,6 | 623 | 67,7 | 481 | 62,7 | 214 | 59,3 |
| Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy) | 12 | 113 | 101 | 161 | 134 | 70,6 | 129 | 62,5 | 98 | 57,4 | 97 | 55,5 | |||
| Russian University of Economics. G.V. Plekhanova, Moscow | 13 | 34 | 37 | 39 | 30 | 705 | 70,4 | 1445 | 63,9 | 1211 | 69,3 | 955 | 62,9 | 725 | 63,4 |
| Novosibirsk National Research State University | 14 | 11 | 28 | 19 | 311 | 501 | 70,4 | 557 | 69,5 | 605 | 71 | 705 | 66,2 | ||
| Moscow State Legal University. O.E. Kutafina | 15 | 26 | 20 | 22 | 32 | 269 | 70,2 | 406 | 65,8 | 498 | 71,9 | 420 | 65,2 | 327 | 63,3 |
| Kazan State Medical University | 16 | 15 | 12 | 7 | 41 | 405 | 69,9 | 266 | 68,2 | 371 | 74,3 | 152 | 71,3 | 268 | 62,4 |
| Tver State Medical University | 17 | 29 | 15 | 21 | 46 | 180 | 69,9 | 166 | 64,3 | 190 | 73,7 | 188 | 65,6 | 144 | 62 |
| National Research University Higher School of Economics, Branch, Nizhny Novgorod | 18 | 18 | 22 | 57 | 29 | 58 | 69,9 | 57 | 67,5 | 146 | 71,5 | 91 | 61,4 | 103 | 63,8 |
| Russian Customs Academy, Lyubertsy | 19 | 99 | 67 | 37 | 45 | 168 | 69,3 | 236 | 59,3 | 249 | 66 | 193 | 63,4 | 96 | 62,1 |
| Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar | 20 | 22 | 16 | 16 | 12 | 562 | 69,1 | 588 | 66,8 | 650 | 73,5 | 530 | 67,3 | 319 | 68,4 |
| universities included in the top 20 in 2011-2014. | |||||||||||||||
| Moscow State Linguistic University | 22 | 4 | 11 | 11 | 15 | 198 | 68,9 | 18 | 75,2 | 110 | 74,6 | 206 | 69,1 | 91 | 67,5 |
| South Federal University | 26 | 20 | 31 | 96 | 75 | 187 | 68 | 45 | 67,4 | 310 | 70 | 1026 | 58 | 276 | 59 |
| Ural State Medical University, Yekaterinburg | 28 | 49 | 21 | 18 | 84 | 270 | 67,6 | 286 | 62,8 | 292 | 71,9 | 261 | 66,5 | 279 | 58,6 |
| St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation | 29 | 62 | 76 | 103 | 11 | 596 | 67,2 | 683 | 61,4 | 592 | 64,7 | 547 | 57,3 | 375 | 69 |
| Voronezh State Medical University. N.N. Burdenko | 30 | 13 | 10 | 8 | 8 | 382 | 67,1 | 368 | 68,8 | 398 | 75,6 | 449 | 69,3 | 542 | 70,5 |
| Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow | 32 | 19 | 29 | 9 | 10 | 1301 | 66,8 | 985 | 67,4 | 785 | 70,5 | 545 | 69,3 | 532 | 69,2 |
| Moscow State Medical and Dental University | 43 | 14 | 19 | 334 | 7 | 400 | 65,8 | 531 | 68,4 | 542 | 71,9 | 92 | 72,4 | ||
| Izhevsk State Medical Academy | 58 | 40 | 50 | 66 | 2 | 171 | 64 | 110 | 63,5 | 141 | 67,1 | 183 | 60,1 | 146 | 79,3 |
| Rostov State Medical University | 62 | 46 | 5 | 5 | 21 | 463 | 63,6 | 328 | 63 | 245 | 77,7 | 190 | 72,5 | 169 | 65,7 |
| Moscow State University Press | 72 | 41 | 18 | 20 | 53 | 472 | 62,6 | 260 | 63,3 | 256 | 72,1 | 249 | 66,1 | 249 | 61,4 |
| Moscow State Humanitarian University. MA Sholokhov | 78 | 16 | 70 | 71 | 51 | 108 | 62,5 | 111 | 68,1 | 190 | 65,8 | 344 | 59,8 | 80 | 61,5 |
| St. Petersburg State Technological Institute (Technical University) | 85 | 17 | 251 | 221 | 288 | 428 | 62,1 | 226 | 68 | 1003 | 57,1 | 845 | 53,3 | 510 | |
| Russian State University of Oil and Gas. THEM. Gubkin, Moscow | 87 | 63 | 47 | 26 | 16 | 466 | 62 | 556 | 61,4 | 559 | 67,5 | 527 | 64,7 | 402 | 66,9 |
| South Russian Institute of Management - Branch of Ranjigs, Rostov-on-Don | 112 | 78 | 65 | 51 | 17 | 322 | 61,2 | 369 | 60,5 | 371 | 66 | 357 | 61,9 | 371 | 66,9 |
| North Ossetian State Medical Academy, Vladikavkaz | 118 | 58 | 7 | 14 | 1 | 88 | 61 | 89 | 61,8 | 127 | 76,6 | 97 | 67,8 | 99 | 81,5 |
| Stavropol State Medical University | 119 | 108 | 13 | 17 | 14 | 321 | 60,8 | 338 | 59 | 335 | 74,1 | 318 | 66,5 | 253 | 67,9 |
| Ural Institute of Management - Branch of Ranjigs, Yekaterinburg | 131 | 112 | 30 | 15 | 22 | 295 | 60,1 | 103 | 58,8 | 72 | 70,5 | 90 | 67,8 | 23 | 65,6 |
| Samara State Medical University | 134 | 27 | 41 | 33 | 9 | 265 | 60 | 240 | 64,6 | 206 | 68,4 | 278 | 63,8 | 255 | 69,9 |
| Togliatti State University | 173 | 158 | 239 | 267 | 18 | 466 | 58,1 | 494 | 56,2 | 505 | 57,5 | 515 | 51,8 | 439 | 66,8 |
Training Structure and Paid Reception
Five groups of directions can be distinguished by the ratio of paid and budgetary admission of students.
First groupThe most numerous (28 directions of 66) - paid reception is insignificant, less than 10% of the budget. Including this group includes six directions out of ten, having the largest budget admission: "Agriculture", "Transport", "Energy", "Mathematics", "Electronics" and "Ecology". The fact that there are practically no pay students in these areas, reflects primarily the traditional "overproduction" of frames in budget places.
Second group- There is a paid reception, but small: from 10 to 35% of the budget. Such directions 11 out of 66, the largest - "pedagogy" and "construction". As a rule, applicants of these areas consider their prospects of future employment as good, but do not count on a quick career.
Third group - Paid reception from 36 to 80% of the budget, roughly corresponds to the share of paid reception in the system of higher education as a whole. This can be said, the optimal combination: paid students bring university with a tangible additional income, while the university is not very much depends on them and can, respectively, to conduct a fairly principled quality control policy. This group includes 13 destinations, the largest - "health care", where 25 thousand posts accounted for 25,000 budget first holidays. Applicants enrolled on educational programs in these areas have pronounced career expectations and are configured to sufficiently high income in the future.
Fourth group - Paid reception ranges from 81 to 150% of the budget. A paid set for universities of this group is almost as important as the budget, but the latter everything remains a "reference link" in the economy of the university and the formation of his personnel policy (the absolute majority of teachers - at low cost and only receive surcharges due to paid set). There are only five such directions: "Design", "Business Informatics" and "Service Sphere", as well as having a small set of "Publishing" and "Theory of Arts".
Finally, fifth group Includes nine directions, a paid reception to which more than twice (and often in three or four) exceeds the budget. Here, as a rule, a completely different economy: some of the teachers are framed at "extrabudgetary" rates, and paid students define the quality of the audience. The university is forced to navigate on paid students in their quality policy. Among the largest directions of this group - "Economics", "Jurisprudence", "Management", "Linguistics and foreign languages", "State and Municipal Management", "Advertising" and "International Relations".
Table 10. Groups of Directions with the greatest budget reception
| Group of directions | Enrolled in budget places, thousand people.2015 / 2014 | Enrolled in paid places, thousand people, 2015/2014 | Notes | |
| Health | 24,5 / 23,8 | 17,2 / 16,2 | 70% | |
| Pedagogy | 21,5 / 22,5 | 6,3 / 5,4 | 30% | Growth in the quality of budget and paid reception; Rising prices |
| Computer Science and Computer | 18,5 / 17 | 2,5 / 2,6 | 13% | |
| Agriculture | 16 / 16 | 0,8 / 1,3 | 5% | |
| Building | 13,5 / 13,5 | 2,9 / 2,2 | 21% | Rising prices |
| Vehicles | 12,5 / 12 | 0,8 / 0,6 | 6% | |
| Energy | 11,5 / 11,5 | 0,8 / 0,5 | 7% | |
| Mathematics | 9,5 / 9,1 | 0,8 / 0,7 | 8% | Rising prices and quality of paid reception |
| Electronics, Radio Engineering and Communication | 9 / 8,7 | 0,4 / 0,3 | 5% | A slight decline in prices |
| Ecology | 8,5 / 8 | 0,8 / 1,1 | 9% | Rising prices |
Table 11. Groups of directions with the highest paid reception
| Group of directions | Enrolled in budget places, thousands person.2015 / 2014. | Enrolled in paid places, thousands person.2015 / 2014. | The share of paid reception of relative budget | Notes |
| Economy | 7,9 / 8,9 | 28 / 33,5 | 356% | The only major direction where the budget reception control numbers decreased. Relief quality of paid reception of the amount of quantity |
| Health | 24,5 / 23,8 | 17,2 / 16,2 | 70% | |
| Jurisprudence | 5,7 / 5,3 | 16,5 / 15 | 289% | Growth of budget and paid reception |
| Management | 7,7 / 7,4 | 14 / 20 | 179% | Sharp reduction of paid reception with quality growth and considerable price increase |
| Pedagogy | 21,5 / 22,5 | 6,3 / 5,4 | 30% | Growth of the quality of budget and paid reception, price increase |
| Linguistics and foreign languages | 2,9 / 2,8 | 5,2 / 4 | 181% | Growth in the quality of budget reception; sharp increase in the number of paid reception with a sharp rise in prices |
| State and Municipal Office | 1,5 / 1,5 | 4,9 / 8 | 331% | |
| Service sector | 3,9 / 3,8 | 4,4 / 5,6 | 113% | Sharp reduction of paid reception with quality growth and considerable increase in prices |
| Public Advertising and Communication | 0,9 / 0,7 | 3,3 / 3,3 | 378% | |
| International relationships | 0,9 / 1,0 | 3,2 / 2,9 | 348% |
It can be seen that the list of the largest budget directions and the list of the largest paid directions intersect only in two cases: according to "Health and Pedagogy". This is the result of the fact that the Ministry of Education and Science has reduced the budget reception for the three most popular paid groups over the past few years, "economy", "jurisprudence" and "management". The reduction reflects, among other things, the policy of displacing frankly weak educational programs implemented by non-contaminate universities that have no sufficient personnel potential. Such a policy began with "circumcision" of the budget reception, but affects both paid: a number of universities recently turns the relevant programs.
Traditionally paid reception is carried out primarily on socio-economic and humanitarian directions, as well as medical. If in the structure of the budget reception, they occupy 27%, then in the structure of paid - about 87%. Natural sciences (directions of classical universities) occupy about 14% in the budget reception, while in a paid set of their share a little exceeds 2%. The share of technical sciences and technologies accounts for over 40% of the budget set and only 10% paid. Such a structure is generally reproduced throughout the entire observation period (2011-2015) with variations in the range of 3-5%. See Table. 10.
Table 12. The structure of the budget and paid reception in the context of the branches of knowledge, 2011-2015
| Budget reception | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | |
| s / x science,% | 6,5 | 6,7 | 6,4 | 6,4 | 6,0 | |
| humanitarian sciences, % | 7,8 | 7,7 | 8,0 | 7,6 | 8,0 | |
| natural Sciences, % | 14,1 | 13,8 | 13,8 | 14,0 | 14,5 | |
| medical sciences,% | 8,6 | 8,5 | 7,3 | 6,9 | 7,1 | |
| pedagogical sciences,% | 10,6 | 11,2 | 11,5 | 11,8 | 11,1 | |
| social sciencies, % | 10,5 | 11,0 | 12,0 | 13,0 | 13,4 | |
| technical science, % | 41,9 | 41,1 | 41,0 | 40,3 | 40,0 | |
| A total of people enrolled | 288 808 | 282 474 | 307 046 | 314 752 | 301 327 | |
| Paid reception | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | |
| s / x science,% | 0,6 | 1,0 | 1,0 | 1,0 | 0,8 | |
| humanitarian sciences, % | 22,9 | 18,6 | 18,5 | 16,9 | 19,2 | |
| natural Sciences, % | 2,3 | 2,5 | 2,8 | 3,3 | 2,7 | |
| medical sciences,% | 12,3 | 11,0 | 11,2 | 9,9 | 11,2 | |
| pedagogical sciences,% | 6,1 | 4,7 | 4,6 | 4,6 | 3,9 | |
| social sciencies, % | 45,1 | 53,8 | 53,1 | 53,0 | 52,3 | |
| technical science, % | 10,7 | 8,3 | 8,7 | 11,3 | 9,8 | |
| A total of people enrolled | 135 524 | 147 660 | 157 878 | 153 389 | 99 620* | |
Comparison of the quality of budget and paid reception - 2015
Traditionally paid education is chosen by more weak students, and here the threshold is set - or they are not asked - the universities themselves.
More than half of the "Troechniki" (the average score of the EGE below 56) for paid training in 2015, 150 universities from 412, included in the rating (36%). This is a significant improvement in the situation - last year there were 198, almost half (48%).
Table 13. Distribution of universities in the quality of budget and paid reception
The bulk of students who independently pay for their full-time education are no longer "triens". These are "good". What is the associated shift? You can make two assumptions. The first - students of 2015 as a whole passed a little better than the exam. The second - there was polarization both between universities and within groups of directions. In popular universities, students are ready to act on a paid form, at that time outsiders remain the weakest applicants, including a budget form.
The diagrams below compare the quality of the budget set with the quality of paid set. On the axis, the middle score of the paid set is postponed, along the X axis - the average score of the budget set. The color of "peas" reflects the quality of paid set: green - medium score above 70, white - medium score below 70 and above 56, red - medium scores below 56. In classic universities universities with "excellent" budget reception (medium score above 70) on Paid places are most often gaining applicants "good" (medium score 56-70). In technical universities, where according to the group as a whole, more "good", up to half of the paid set - "Troekhniki" (average score below 56), but it can be seen that "triples" are usually universities with a large set.
Applicants and their families began to better distinguish the quality of educational programs, their contribution (as well as the contribution of the university brand) into the human capital of students. In 2015, the Year of the Russian Federation for the first time announced data on average earnings and professional employment of university graduates. If earlier, information that graduates of top universities earn an average of 1.5 times more than graduates of other universities in the same direction, discussed at the level of individual cases, opinions and rumors (forming, nevertheless, public opinion), Now this tendency can be considered proven.
There is a change in the structure of the state assignment - the expansion of engineering directions, further reduction in socio-economic (due to economics and business informatics). It is assumed that the population imposes a sufficient effective demand for the programs of socio-economic and humanitarian directions, which makes it possible to do without increasing budget support.
Many universities that have not received the state in the implementation of popular educational programs (economics, management, etc.), continued to receive applicants on them completely on extra-budgetary basis. It demanded personnel and information support of programs that at universities in such a situation weakened significantly. The result is: a paid set in these universities is reduced, in other cases dropping to the level, critical for further continuation of such programs.
In the risk zone, universities that are gaining paid programs are not supported by the budget set at the appropriate direction, less than 30 students. After all, firstly, a paid student is usually prepared weaker than a budget place that received in a budget place, and therefore it risks more in the number of no longer. Secondly, such a student may stop learning not only due to failure, but also for reasons of financial nature. Already in the third year, less than half of the initially recruited students can remain, and funds coming from them will not be enough even to pay for the necessary teachers.
2015 can be a referee for about 60% of the currently existing purely extra-budgetary programs in the "Economics" directions, "Management", "Jurisprudence" and other socio-economic and humanitarian areas: In 2016, these programs may stop the new set (in 2015 they They scored less than 30 people).
Dynamics of reception quality, 2011-2015
The highest quality of the budget set is stably preserved in medical and socio-economic universities, and in the latter for the period from 2011 to 2015. Green zone (the average score above 70) significantly expanded. Agricultural universities remain mainly in the "Red Zone" (the middle score of the university is below 56). Among the classical universities and technical universities, the proportions of universities- "excellent students", "good" and "triples" are approximately the same and keep without special changes. The quality of budget reception in pedagogical universities has noticeably increased.
In a paid set, in general, the same proportions are preserved, albeit with a certain shift to lower points.
Price strategies for universities in economic recession
Among the universities offering paid programs in 2015, 47% compared to 2014 increased prices, 36% have retained them unchanged in nominal terms, 17% found it necessary to reduce prices (as significant we considered changes more than 5 thousand rubles in year). At the same time, 14 universities raised the average total of 50-100 thousand rubles per year; 39 universities - by 20-50 thousand rubles per year; 124 universities - by 5-20 thousand rubles per year; 137 universities did not change the cost or changed it slightly (within 5 thousand rubles), 58 universities reduced the cost of training for 5-20 thousand rubles, and 8 universities were 20-50 thousand rubles.
At the same time, the behavior model is the distribution of universities on groups of increasing and lower prices - differ in directions. Preparation: With regard to socio-economic and humanitarian programs, on the one hand, and technical programs, on the other, universities are more often adhered to different strategies. Among the technical directions are noticeably higher than the proportion of programs that reduce the cost of studying in 2015 among socio-economic programs prevailing those who raised the cost of learning relatively slightly (5-20 thousand rubles).
So, in the direction of "economy", 305 universities were paid in 2015, 30 of them increased the cost of more than 20 thousand rubles per year, 95 universities - 5-20 thousand rubles and 18 universities reduced the cost of 5- 60 thousand rubles. In the direction of "jurisprudence", a paid set in 2015 was conducted by 181 universities, of which 26 universities raised the cost of more than 20 thousand rubles per year, 63 universities - by 5-20 thousand rubles and 6 universities decreased costs for 5-60 thousand . rubles. At the same time, in the direction of "Informatics and Computing Technique" more than a third of universities lowered prices by more than 5 thousand rubles, and in the direction of "energy and energy engineering" of such universities almost half.
Table 14. Changing the cost of training in the preparations, 2014-2015
What are the differences in the pricing policy of metropolitan and regional universities? Price variation amongexpensive educational programs significantlyhigher than among moderate value programs. At the same time, the proportions of expensive and inexpensive programs in different directions of preparation are about the same. There are three strategies for universities price policies: a single cost for all educational programs (demand is determined by the quality of the program and the reputation of the university); Program price differentiation; Segmentation of programs for popular and unpopular.
Strong universities, which is expected, set high minimum points. In the "dozen" of the strongest universities in the quality of budget intake, the average minimum score is 61.3 points (based on one subject for all universities) - against 34.2 in the thresholds of Rosobrnadzor. The highest points among the leaders universities established MIPT, MEPI, HSE, St. Petersburg Academic University - Nanotechnology Scientific and Educational Center. The lowest - MGIMO and Moscow State University them. Lomonosov (other things, it did not affect the high quality of admission to these universities). But among 74 universities from the "Red" zone (the average score of the EE enrolled in budget places in them below 56) None set the minimum threshold above the level proposed by Rosobrnadzor.
Only 15% of universities use minimal scores as a real tool for selecting applicants.
Universities that have established the highest passage points in 2015:
- Baltic Federal University. I. Kanta
- All-Russian Academy of Foreign Trade, Moscow
- State Institute of Russian Language. A.S. Pushkin, Moscow
- State UN-T Governance, Moscow
- Kuban State University, Krasnodar
- Leningrad State. University. A.S. Pushkin, St. Petersburg
- Moscow State Humanitarian University. MA Sholokhov
- Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics NiU "Higher School of Economics"
- Moscow Physics and Technology
- Nat. Issh. Tomsk Polytechnic University
- Nat. Issh. UN-T "Higher School of Economics", Moscow
- Nat. Issh. Nuclear University "Miphy", Moscow
- Novosibirsk Nats. Issh. State UN-T.
- Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Service under the President of the Russian Federation
- Russian Economic University. G.V. Plekhanov
- Samara state. UN-T.
- St. Petersburg State. UN-T.
- St. Petersburg Nats. Issh. University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics
- Smolensk state. UN-T.
- Tver State UN-T.
- Ural Federal University. B.N. Yeltsin
- Southern Federal University
Directions of training that universities are more often installed by high passing points.
