ETKS Issue 30
(Abolished. Sections: "Hydrolysis production and processing of sulfite liquors. Acetone-butyl production. Production of citric and tartaric acids. Production of yeast" were transferred to ETKS issue No. 29)
ETKS Issue 31
(Abolished. Section: "Production of medicines, vitamins, medical, bacterial and biological preparations and materials" moved to ETKS issue # 29)
ETKS Issue 38
(Abolished. Section: "Production of asbestos technical products" moved to ETKS issue No. 36)
ETKS Issue 39
(Abolished. Section: "Manufacture of products from bark bark" moved to ETKS issue No. 37)
ETKS 2020 for blue-collar occupations is a unified tariff and qualification reference book, it specifies qualification requirements. It is used for tariffication, certification, in the development of job descriptions and for other purposes, which will be discussed in the article.
Many of the personnel management tools of the Soviet era are still relevant today, although some of the normative documents are morally outdated, the principle of their construction and application can be used quite successfully, especially with regard to production and the national economy. Often in the speech of personnel officers there are phrases "ETKS-2018", "2020 reference book of blue-collar occupations." Various lists, classifiers, lists of qualification requirements - a lot of work has been invested in their compilation, this is an extensive material and it deserves attention. Let's figure out what is meant by ETKS.
What is ETKS and what is it for
This document is a list of positions with qualification requirements for the workers who occupy them. ETKS 2020 for blue-collar occupations is used to determine the qualifications of a worker, assign grades, and conduct certifications. The abbreviation stands for the Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book.
This is a rather voluminous document, the main parts of which were originally approved by government decrees back in Soviet times, in the 80s. Since then, it has been revised and edited many times. The current version has 72 issues, which are divided into sections. In them, the positions are united according to some criterion: type of activity, branch of the national economy, where they are applied.
What is it needed for:
- for billing. That is, in accordance with it, it is possible to determine the complexity of the work performed by the employee and, in particular, to establish the wage rate;
- to carry out certification and determine whether the employee meets the position and qualification requirements. Usually, taking into account this document, job descriptions are developed;
- to determine the correct name for a specific position. This often causes difficulties for managers who do not have special knowledge;
- for the development of programs for continuing education courses.
How to use the guide
It is not difficult to understand how the Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of 2020 for workers' professions is built, and how to use it. Knowing the required issue and section, you can select them from the list. Alternatively, you can simply search by issue titles: they give a clear idea of the positions included and the qualifications required.
- general characteristics of the duties performed by the worker, what functions are assigned to him;
- a description of the competencies of an employee holding a similar position.
For each profession, the categories are indicated, that is, a specialist of the 1st category is more qualified and does more complex work.
If it is difficult to navigate the list of issues, to find the required classifier, use the search tool at the top of the page:
- Enter the title of the job.
- Click the Search button.
The search result will be a list of suitable professions, including the word entered in the search field.
Is it required to use
The question arises: is the tariff and qualification reference book of jobs and professions of workers obligatory now, 2020? The answer is given in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation: it defines the principles of the wage tariff system. The general principle established by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation is as follows: the more complex the duties, the higher the pay. It has been established that tariffication and assignment of categories are carried out on the basis of the Unified Tariff Qualification Handbook or taking into account professional standards.
ETKS or professional standard
As stated in Labor Code of the Russian Federation, A unified tariff and qualification reference book of jobs and professions of workers is used along with professional standards. The employer has the right to decide for himself which of the specified documents to use.
When drawing up an employment contract and work book, other documents and certificates of employment, it is important to prescribe the name of the position held in strict accordance with the specified regulatory documents. This is important because if it is included in list 1 or 2 or for such workers there are any benefits, for example, upon retirement, the names must be applied exactly as in the reference book or professional standard, otherwise the Pension Fund may refuse enrollment of this period of activity in a special experience, and you will have to prove it in court.
The issue was approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee on Labor and Social Issues and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions Secretariat dated January 31, 1985 N 31 / 3-30
(as amended:
Resolutions of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR, the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of 10/12/1987 N 618 / 28-99, of 12/18/1989 N 416 / 25-35, of 05/15/1990 N 195 / 7-72, of 06/22/1990 N 248 / 10-28,
Resolutions of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR 18.12.1990 N 451,
Resolutions of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of 24.12.1992 N 60, of 11.02.1993 N 23, of 19.07.1993 N 140, of 29.06.1995 N 36, of 01.06.1998 N 20, of 17.05.2001 N 40,
Orders of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation of July 31, 2007 N 497, of October 20, 2008 N 577, of April 17, 2009 N 199)
Loader driver
Section 22. Forklift driver (2nd grade)
Description of works... Management of tractor loaders and unloaders, wagon loaders, wagon unloaders and all special load-gripping mechanisms and devices when loading, unloading, moving and stacking various loads under the guidance of a driver of higher qualifications. Participation in scheduled preventive maintenance of loading and unloading and handling mechanisms and devices.
Must know: basic information about the device of the serviced loaders and loading and unloading mechanisms and their units; instructions for their operation, installation, start-up, regulation and running-in; characteristics of oils and lubricants; causes of malfunctions and methods of their elimination.
Section 23. Forklift driver (3rd grade)
Description of works... Management of battery-powered forklifts and all special load-handling mechanisms and devices during loading, unloading, moving and stacking goods. Maintenance and current repair of the loader and all its mechanisms. Determination of malfunctions in the operation of the loader, its mechanisms and their elimination. Installation and replacement of removable lifting devices and mechanisms. Participation in the scheduled preventive maintenance of the loader and load-gripping mechanisms and devices. Battery charge.
Must know: battery loader device; methods of loading, unloading goods by all types of transport; rules for lifting, moving and stowing cargo; traffic rules, traffic on the territory of the enterprise, station tracks and installed signaling; elementary information on electrical engineering.
§ 24. Forklift driver (4th - 7th grade)
(as amended by the Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of 01.06.1998 N 20)
Description of works... Management of tractor loaders, car loaders, car unloaders and all special load-gripping mechanisms and devices during loading, unloading, moving and stacking goods in a stack and dump. Maintenance of the loader and current repair of all its mechanisms. Determination of malfunctions in the operation of the loader. Installation and replacement of removable lifting devices and mechanisms. Participation in the scheduled preventive maintenance of the loader, load-gripping mechanisms and devices.
Must know: the device of loaders and storage batteries; methods of loading and unloading goods on all types of transport; rules for lifting, moving and stowing cargo; traffic rules, traffic on the territory of the enterprise and station routes; used grades of fuels and lubricants; names of the main materials for battery production; rules for handling acids and alkalis.
When working on a tractor loader with a power of up to 73.5 kW (up to 100 hp) - 4th grade;
when working on a tractor loader with a power of over 73.5 kW (over 100 hp) and when working on a loader with a power of up to 147 kW (up to 200 hp) using it as a bulldozer, scraper, excavator and other machines - 5th grade;
when working on a loader with a capacity of over 147 kW (over 200 hp) up to 200 kW (up to 250 hp) using it as a bulldozer, scraper, excavator and other machines - 6th grade;
when working on a loader with a power of over 200 kW (over 250 hp), equipped with a complex electronic control system, a telescopic or frontal boom and designed for loading and unloading large-tonnage containers - the 7th category.
Unified tariff and qualification reference book of jobs and professions of workers (ETKS), 2017
Issue No. 46 ETKS
The issue was approved by the Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of 03.07.2002 N 47
Sewing equipment operator
Section 40. Operator of sewing equipment of the 3rd category
Description of works... Conducting the process of processing parts of medium complexity on sewing automatic or semi-automatic equipment. Ensuring the uninterrupted operation of the serviced equipment. Elimination of minor malfunctions in the operation of the serviced equipment. Quality control of the cut, color matching of parts, products, threads, buttons and applied materials.
Must know: technological parameters of parts processing; types of seams; types and properties of the materials used; purpose and principle of operation of the serviced equipment; purpose and rules for using various devices, devices and automation equipment.
Work examples:
1. Sewing up the toe of hosiery.
2. Overcasting of eyelets.
3. Processing of valves, straps, cuffs, leaflet, slot, pat.
4. Sewing on buttons.
5. Bonding of clothing items.
6. Connection of fittings.
7. Stitching of seams, darts.
Section 41. Operator of sewing equipment of the 4th category
Description of works... Conducting the process of processing complex parts of garments on sewing automatic or semi-automatic equipment, participating in their adjustment. Conducting the process of laying various materials in compliance with the calculations of their rational use on an automated flooring complex.
Must know: assortment of garments and technological parameters of processing their parts; the purpose and principle of operation of the serviced equipment, the rules for its adjustment; methods and techniques for laying materials, taking into account their rational use; a system for setting the spreading modes on the control panel of automatic equipment; tolerances and rules for setting the length of the flooring; ways of regulating the lifting mechanisms and the speed of the spreading device; requirements for the quality of the flooring; properties of materials and features of their laying.
Work examples:
1. Quilting fabrics with curly stitches.
2. Processing of collars, sides, lapels, pockets.
3. Connection of parts of products (tights).
Section 42. Operator of sewing equipment of the 5th category
Description of works... Conducting the process of manufacturing especially complex products on automatic or semi-automatic sewing equipment. Carrying out the process of cutting various materials on an automated cutting complex with programmed control. Maintenance of the automated cutting complex. Conducting the process of quality control of various materials using electronic computers. Calculation of pieces and remnants of materials on an electronic computer (computer) and their acquisition for cutting by article, color and size.
Must know: arrangement of the serviced equipment and methods of its adjustment; the principle of operation and rules of operation of the automated cutting complex, adjustment of cutting modes; requirements for the quality of the cut; methods and techniques for checking the quality of controlled materials; rules and methods for calculating pieces of materials, cutting schedules, material consumption rates and the permissible percentage of technological waste.
Section 43. Operator of sewing equipment of the 6th category
Description of works... Carrying out the process of cutting various materials on an automated cutting complex with programmed control and its adjustment. Participation in the development of a cutting program. Maintenance of the automated cutting complex and participation in its repair.
Must know: the principle of operation and the rules of operation of the automated cutting complex; design features of the serviced complex; arrangement of mechanical, electrical and pneumatic subsystems; causes of malfunctions in the operation of the automated cutting complex, methods of their prevention; requirements for the quality of the cut, adjustment of cutting modes.
Secondary vocational education is required.
Almost every employer asks the question "How much should an employee of a certain profession be paid?" The reason for these questions is that the salaries of workers can vary depending on many factors. The main factor on which the amount of remuneration depends is the qualification of the employee, because employees with specific skills in a particular industry can produce better products and services.
The abbreviation ETKS stands for "Unified tariff and qualification reference book of jobs and professions of workers." At first glance, you might think that this is some kind of book, but in fact ETKS is a huge collection of works, which includes more than 50 volumes. Specialists are constantly working on its improvement.
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This guide contains information about all professions that exist on the territory of the Russian Federation. This information is presented as tariff and qualification characteristics, which were developed in accordance with each category of each specialization of workers. These characteristics include the requirements for workers of each qualification in a particular profession.
The ETKS of professions is an official document that is approved by the authorities and has legislative force in some points. The prerequisites for its creation appeared as early as the Soviet Union: every worker in the country received a salary in accordance with his professional skills and rank.
Professional development implied an increase in job duties, remuneration and, accordingly, a document on the assignment of qualifications had to be submitted to the workplace.
Relevance of the directory
The relevance of this guide is as follows:
- This system has been and remains very convenient. Since ETKS has been in development for quite a long time, and changes continue to be made to it, it is perfected to the smallest detail. The employer does not need to determine how much to pay his employees. It will be enough for him to look into this guide and find the appropriate requirements for workers in the required profession.
- The second point is that the state sector of the economy has been preserved in the Russian Federation. Order and control must necessarily prevail in it due to the fact that we are talking about the state budget, which must be clearly planned, and the state budget expenditures must be reported.
- If we are talking about private entrepreneurship, then an important point in the relationship of a private entrepreneur with the state are taxes, benefits and the Labor Code and other documents that include labor law norms. During tax audits, using ETKS, it is possible to justify any costs and differences in wages of employees of the same profession. For example, two locksmiths will have different salaries because they have different grades.
ETKS is used in such institutions:
- in organizations of large-scale production;
- in educational organizations;
- in government bodies;
- in firms in order to regulate the activities of employees.
The principle of working with a document
General Provisions
General provisions spelled out in the ETKS professions:
- ETKS must be applied in all organizations of any direction of economic activity;
- It is intended to carry out tariffication of work, assign qualification categories to workers, draw up and improve programs to improve their qualifications in all areas of economic activity;
- Includes characteristics of professions, which are grouped by production and type of work, regardless of the form of ownership. All characteristics are developed in accordance with the requirements of the scientific organization of labor and scientific and technological progress, as well as in accordance with the increasing requirements for the level of education and training of workers;
- The characteristics of the professions were developed in relation to the 8-bit wage scale. The exceptions are the cases indicated in the characteristics. The grades of work are set according to the level of complexity, without taking into account the working conditions. If necessary, working conditions are taken into account when raising wages;
- The tariff and qualification characteristics given in the ETKS include a description of jobs in the profession that are most often encountered. A specific list of responsibilities, their order of implementation is established in organizations.
- In the tariff and qualification characteristics of high grades of professions, a list of jobs of low grades is not indicated, because it is assumed that representatives of such professions will have the skills that are provided for workers of a lower grade;
- Together with the requirements specified in the tariff and qualification characteristics, the employee must also own:
- knowledge of the rational organization of labor, and if he works in a team - then its organization of labor;
- technology of work performance, equipment operation rules;
- requirements for the quality of work;
- knowledge in the field of labor protection;
- job description and labor regulations;
- methods of increasing labor efficiency;
- the procedure for establishing wages, bonuses, assigning qualifications, etc .;
- workers engaged in the maintenance of equipment must have knowledge of plumbing at the level at which he will have the ability to independently troubleshoot problems that have arisen in the work process.
- Further training or professional development is considered by a commission convened at the enterprise. The worker will have to answer the questions asked by the commission, to do a certain job. For non-compliance with the internal labor schedule, the worker can be downgraded;
- Professions are divided into the following categories:
- professions that require special training and are qualified;
- execution of simple work that involves the use of hand tools is most often left to unskilled workers.
Details and description examples
For an illustrative example, you can take the profession of a car mechanic and its characteristics specified in the ETKS. As stated in the reference book, the first and second category in this profession is considered student, and the third - can be assigned to a worthy specialist.
So, what is indicated in the ETKS:
| Description of works | This section lists the work that a car mechanic must perform:
|
| Must know | This paragraph sets requirements for the knowledge of a car mechanic, for example:
|
| Work examples | Here is a list of works that a car mechanic can do:
|
Positions common to all sectors of the economy
The first section of the ETKS includes the professions of workers in all sectors of the economy. It is developed on the basis of the ETKS issue, which was in effect before. In this section, the rates of work have been improved in accordance with the scientific organization of labor and scientific and technological progress.
Usually, in this directory, each profession is placed in a specific section and occurs only once. The first section contains professions that are not specific to a particular production.
Below is an example of a professions section for all sectors of the economy:
| Name of the profession | Discharge range | Characteristics of work | Must know |
| Accumulator | 1-5 | The employee must be able to work with batteries. The complexity of this work depends on the category of the worker. | The design and principle of operation of batteries, the basics of physics and electrical engineering, etc. |
| Car driver | 4-6 | Management of all vehicles, troubleshooting that may arise on the road, diagnostics of the condition of vehicles, etc. | The principle of operation of all mechanisms of the car, traffic rules, etc. |
| Cleaner | 1 | Keeping the environment tidy. | Sanitary rules, safety rules. Etc. When performing work in crowded places - 2nd category. |
This is an example of ETKS design. To find the right profession, you need to find the necessary section on the Internet, and from there take all the information of interest.
Where and which editions can be downloaded
In 2020, ETKS remains relevant with the changes from 2008. In total, there are 68 published brochures in the Russian Federation, representing all the characteristics of most professions. They are grouped by industry to make it easier to find. You can download ETKS both the entire reference book and by sections.
It includes the following sections:
- "Professions for all sectors of the economy";
- "Foundry works";
- "Oil and gas production works";
- "Construction works";
- "Equipment manufacturing";
- "Restoration work", etc.
The very first edition of ETKS was published in the Soviet Union, in the 80s. After that, it is constantly being improved by specialists. Finding sections of the guide on the Internet is not difficult, so anyone can download it for free and find out for their specialty what requirements are put forward for it, and what payment should be.
Relationship with accounting
ETKS is necessarily applied by organizations that have chosen a rating system, as a settlement with their employees. The basis for calculating wages is the tariffs indicated in this handbook, as well as the nature of the work and its complexity.
This document states that the salary of workers can be higher than indicated if conditions exist that complicate the labor process. In accordance with labor legislation, if a tariff-free wage system was chosen, then wages should be recorded in accordance with, otherwise, when calculating wages, it will be necessary to rely on the rates specified in the ETKS.
Employees of structural divisions in the course of their activities can make such mistakes, which are quite common:
- The employee does not correspond in his qualifications to the position held. According to the labor legislation, some professions can be performed by people with the appropriate education. If the employee performs his duties competently, then a commission can be convened to assign him the highest grade. Most often, an unskilled employee holds a position, and this is a gross violation of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation;
- The second popular mistake is to assign incentive payments without justification. Here we are talking about the fact that an organization must have certain documents governing the accrual of bonuses.
- Another violation is the erroneous calculation of wages during overtime work, and the work process in difficult conditions. According to ETKS, wages in such situations should be increased. The organization should have a strategy for dealing with such situations, which the accountant will rely on when calculating salaries.
Using ETKS professions in practice
ETKS becomes necessary in such situations:
- drawing up an employment contract;
- increase in the category of the employee;
- calculation of remuneration, depending on the assigned qualifications;
- assessment of special skills and abilities of personnel.
In practice, this guide becomes useful as soon as an employment relationship begins. As soon as an employment agreement begins to be drawn up, problems arise in establishing the responsibilities of a potential employee. These responsibilities should be recorded in the text of the contract or in the job description.
The unified tariff and qualification reference book of workers' professions is based on legislative provisions from Article 143 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, according to which tariff categories are assigned. Employers, due to the frequently changing financial situation, cannot keep abreast of all events, a large collection helps them to figure it out, including dozens of volumes with the latest information on the remuneration of specialists of all levels and directions.
What it is?
The owners of firms, their economic service are faced with the task - calculate the wages of workers correctly.
The signs affecting the accrual of the amount are:
- skill level;
- experience in a certain profession;
- increasing professional knowledge and skills.
The size of wages increases the quality of the product, improves services, they subjectively affect the efficiency of labor productivity. The legislation carefully monitors all changes, improves points, changes tariffs in all professions of citizens of the Russian Federation, they report this in their publications in numerous volumes under the abbreviation ETKS.
Complete background information collected in a specific book presents users characterization of discharges for all different specializations what is required from the employee when receiving a certain rate.
The professional listing has been issued as official document, approved by the authorities, can affect the assessment of labor in some points. The bitwise division of professional skills began a long time ago, since the time of the USSR, and continues to this day.
The qualification accompanies the employee:
- increased job responsibilities;
- increased wages;
- the received document, which distinguishes from the general mass of workers.
The classifier plays a twofold role in its own way, helping the management to appreciate the work, and to the employees to receive fair wages, as well as moral and material satisfaction.
Actual application
The convenience of the system developed over the years is obvious. Developments honed in the smallest detail constantly updated... Employers, without violating the provisions in the Labor Code on payment, at any time find data on each specialty with the corresponding requirements.
Despite various changes in the public sector of the Russian economy, its basis has been preserved... In this instrument, together with order, control prevails over the planned state budget, in which reports on expenditures in this area are collected.
The relationship between production and the state is sealed by taxes, payments of benefits based on documents on labor law standards. Carrying out inspections, the control bodies take into account the justifications of the organization's management, why there was a difference in the wages of workers of the same specialty, but different levels of grades, according to ETKS.
Similar reference books are used:
- large-scale enterprises;
- educational institutions;
- companies to regulate the activities of employees.
Even for the authorities, there is a separate volume, which contains regulations that limit the remuneration of officials.
Understanding of work grades, jobs and general provisions
Performance will increase if timely carried out:
- assignment of working tariffication;
- assignment of qualifying capacity;
- drawing up an improved program that increases the level of specialization.
In numerous sections of ETKS, the described professional lines are presented, grouped by production and type of activity. Scientists worked on them, combining in their developments the increasing progress with increased requirements for an educated and trained worker.
The handbook provides an opportunity for highlighting the special abilities of the worker within 8 grades, but the manager can increase earnings additionally if he takes into account difficult working conditions.
The tariff qualifications indicated in the descriptions of frequently encountered jobs also show a list that determines the responsibilities of employees in any direction. The order of fulfillment of requirements must be monitored and installed in production heads of institutions.
Basically, all the provisions are described for an employee of a high professional level, assuming that novice specialists have an idea of their work and are familiar with the growth of salaries together with the improvement of acquired skills.
Employee must be familiarized with:
- with a work schedule and job descriptions;
- methods of increasing labor efficiency;
- the procedure for the formation of earnings, bonuses and ways to increase the category.
If new mechanisms come into production, then the employee must be trained in their maintenance and repair work. To move to another professional level, you will need to pass an exam with the performance of a certain work, it will be evaluated and accepted by members convened by a special commission. They can also remove the category for misdemeanors that are not provided for in the work collective.
On this basis, the professional categories were divided:
- with special training;
- simple ancillary work.
You can visualize the execution of work processes using an individual example.
Features and need for use
In the copy under No. 44 ETKS, confirming the effect of the Decree of the Ministry of Labor No. 51 of 07.14.03 in the section of felting and felt production, the profession of a feller of the 3rd category is presented.
At the beginning, a description of the characteristic features of the intended specialty is given:
- preliminary felling of things is carried out on multi-roll and hammer equipment under the guidance of a high-level specialist;
- painted on the fold after the caps are set;
- twist;
- add up at working moments, provide for compliance with technical requirements;
- wring out by placing the product in a centrifuge;
- complete the processing by sorting by assortment, design, size parameters;
- the goods are transported to their destination.
The conditions are necessary not only for passing the 3rd grade. The admission to work of a specialist is to know the workflow, as well as:
- device of machines;
- availability of assortment;
- variety of structures and sizes;
- the property of the technical requirements on which the production is based;
- felling frequency;
- recipes for solutions.
With an increase of only one order of magnitude, the characteristics of the works become more complicated.
The list includes:
- carrying out a felt felling procedure;
- work on equipment of different levels;
- control over the operation of devices, adjusting parts for flawless performance;
- preparation of solutions, preparation of consistency;
- preparation of marketable items for immersion in apparatus;
- placing a production product in equipment;
- monitoring of operating modes, circulation, pressure;
- compliance with the configuration with dimensions and density;
- product quality control;
- determination of the completion of work at the end of the felling process;
- correct transportation of the finished material;
- repair, maintenance of equipment used for the production of hats.
For a specialist to be able to perform such actions, he needs to gain knowledge:
- about the device of the machines on which you need to work;
- everything about the technique of production of goods in the organization;
- how to prepare solutions, check the manufacture by others;
- how much raw material is required according to the standards;
- in what sequence the felling procedures are performed;
- about working moments, safety precautions for workers of the lowest level in terms of qualifications and level.
Based on the excerpts from the reference book, the professional characteristics of two categories of the feller are indicated. They are used for billing work. According to the requirements for skills and education in this profession, an official at the enterprise draws up an instruction.
The management checks the conformity of the specialization of the newly hired employees. When preparing any documentation aimed at work and earnings, they are guided by the rules prescribed in the ETKS.
This video covers all questions about the relationship between qualification reference books and wages.
