Most often, a stomach ulcer develops against the background of gastritis, and the patient does not immediately understand that the disease is progressing. How can gastritis be distinguished from a stomach ulcer?
It is important to distinguish one from the other, since the correctness and effectiveness of the chosen treatment depends on this.
The symptoms of the diseases are similar. Therefore, even an experienced doctor, based only on the patient's complaints, cannot always correctly distinguish gastritis from an ulcer.
To distinguish gastritis from an ulcer, first of all, you need to pay attention to the localization of pain.
With gastritis, discomfort is concentrated in the stomach. With a stomach ulcer, the pain, as it were, “spreads” over all the insides. With an ulcer, the pain is most often sharp, diffuse, and can radiate to the back, iliac region, or closer to the heart. Localization of pain in ulcers depends on the location of the ulcer.
For gastritis and ulcers, "hungry" pains are characteristic. Doctors assure that if food is not taken on time, then “hunger pain” will occur with an ulcer and gastritis. And in order to determine its cause, you need to carefully observe the dynamics of your feelings.
With gastritis, pain occurs 3.5-4 hours after the last meal, and with an ulcer, it appears after 1.5-2 hours, or even faster, and is often accompanied by nausea and vomiting.
Periods of exacerbation of pain can also tell us a lot. Ulcers are characterized by periods of exacerbation, which usually occur in spring and autumn. Gastritis is equally painful at any time of the year, the course of the disease depends more on the diet than on the season.
A characteristic sign of stomach ulcers are night pains that do not go away until a person has a bite to eat. Gastritis, as a rule, worries during the day, and at night he "rests" with you.
And finally, nutrition itself can also give us some clues. So, pain in gastric ulcer, as a rule, subsides as soon as the patient eats at least a little food. As for gastritis, eating does not at all reduce pain, but, on the contrary, can even increase it.
With peptic ulcer of the stomach, the symptoms of pain are more pronounced. If the usual pain or heartburn gets worse, and the medicines that helped earlier have stopped working, an ulcer can be suspected.
Many diseases of the digestive tract are accompanied by similar symptoms, so you should know, understand and understand how to distinguish gastritis from an ulcer. Despite a number of identical symptoms, there are some specific manifestations, the analysis of which allows us to understand the nature of the pathological process. An accurate diagnosis, an ulcer or gastritis, can only be made by a doctor based on the results of a thorough diagnosis.
Symptomatic picture of gastric diseases
Gastritis or ulcers are diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, which are accompanied by the formation of an inflammatory process and a number of defects on the mucous membranes of the stomach. Given the similar processes that develop in both diseases, they have distinctive clinical manifestations. It is possible to distinguish the course of gastritis from a stomach ulcer if you know in detail the symptomatic picture of both pathological processes.
Symptoms of gastritis
Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the stomach occurs in 2 forms - with high and low acidity. Symptoms depend on the pH level.
Signs:
- frequent and prolonged pain in the upper abdomen, the pain is aching in nature;
- burning sensation in the epigastric region;
- frequent belching, which leaves a sour taste in the mouth, if bile is thrown into the stomach, the belching will be bitter;
- bouts of vomiting after eating;
- heaviness and discomfort in the stomach;
- increased amount of saliva;
- deviations in the functioning of the intestine, manifested by frequent constipation.
You need to know and understand how to distinguish, it has the following manifestations:
- bouts of nausea after eating;
- frequent belching, after which there is a putrid smell from the mouth;
- persistent taste of metal in the mouth;
- discomfort in the stomach, as if it were always full;
- dull pain in the abdomen that occurs every time after 15-20 minutes after eating;
- flatulence;
- intestinal disorders accompanied by diarrhea;
- deterioration of the condition of hair and nails, change in their color, brittleness, excessive dryness of the skin;
- anemia.
Most of the signs of stomach disease occur after eating, causing a person to refuse to eat and begin to lose weight.
Both types of gastritis in the absence of their timely treatment lead to a deterioration in the condition. Symptoms of gastritis with high and low acidity:
- general weakness;
- weight loss;
- drowsiness, which negatively affects performance;
- negative changes in vascular tone;
- hypotension.
During periods of exacerbation of the disease, fainting may occur.
One of the specific signs of gastritis, which helps to determine the presence of this gastric disease, is frequent vomiting, mixed with blood clots in the vomit. Another characteristic symptom- discoloration of feces, their acquisition of black color due to blood secreted from the stomach.
Difficulty in diagnosis is present when it occurs in the lungs, initial form. Symptoms are mild and non-specific. The most common symptoms are frequent bouts of nausea, both mild and severe, rarely ending in vomiting, and almost constant bloating.
The clinical picture of the ulcer
Peptic ulcer of the stomach is accompanied by the formation of ulcerative foci of various sizes on the mucous walls of the stomach, from 3 mm to 5 cm. The disease proceeds in a chronic form with periodic periods of relapse. General symptoms of the disease:
- belching, leaving behind a sour taste;
- frequent and prolonged heartburn, which is difficult to stop with drugs;
- pain occurs when the stomach is empty or during a night's sleep;
- vomiting that occurs almost immediately after eating;
- rapid weight loss;
- anemia - occurs if the period of exacerbation is accompanied by frequent stomach bleeding.
In severe peptic ulcer disease, the following symptoms appear:
- prolonged and profuse bleeding;
- the formation of perforations in the walls of the stomach;
- stenosis.
People with ulcers experience other problems with the digestive system, which arise from the fact that the outflow of gastric juice is impaired. Against the background of an ulcer, in the absence of its timely treatment, pancreatitis, chronic duodenitis appears, the functioning of the biliary tract is disrupted.
These signs are common, the nature of their manifestation depends on many factors: the stage of development of the disease and how a person eats. An improper diet can significantly accelerate the development of an ulcer, and then clinical manifestations will occur rapidly and in an intense form.
Stomach ulcers most commonly cause abdominal pain and a burning sensation. The painful symptom is localized in the region of the lower part of the chest, slightly to the left. Gradually, the pain begins to spread to the back.
Pain may not be recognized immediately. With an ulcer, this symptom is similar to a strong feeling of hunger. Therefore, such a symptom can be stopped after taking a small amount of food. Frequent snacking leads to weight gain.
Differences between gastric diseases
Despite the similarity of clinical manifestations and the general mechanisms of the formation and development of pathological processes, there are a number of signs that make it possible to distinguish gastritis from peptic ulcer.
To understand how to distinguish gastritis from a stomach ulcer, you need to know the different nature of the manifestation of symptoms.
Features of the course of peptic ulcer:
- Pain. Occurs only during a long absence of food in the stomach and during a night's sleep, almost never bothers after eating.
- Belching is always only sour.
- Violation of the stool - characterized by prolonged and frequent constipation.
- Type of anemia - normochromic, occurs only during an exacerbation, if bleeding occurs in the stomach.
- Asthenic syndromes are always progressive.
- The probability of opening gastric bleeding is only during a relapse.
The nature of the course of the same symptoms in gastritis:
- Pain. It appears every time, 20-30 minutes after taking it.
- Belching leaves behind a sour smell in the oral cavity if the disease is accompanied by hyperacidity; if the pH level is lowered, belching is accompanied by a putrid odor.
- Stool - prolonged and frequent diarrhea.
- Anemia - hypochromic type, occurs due to iron deficiency.
- Asthenic syndrome - accompanied by a moderate course, with mild symptoms.
- Bleeding is absent.
Differences allow you to make a primary diagnosis before conducting a comprehensive examination. Ulcer or gastritis - the doctor decides only after a thorough examination of the patient.
Diagnosis of diseases of the digestive system
The difference between the signs of diseases is not always expressed. If gastritis or ulcer is on early stage formation, an accurate diagnosis can only be made by conducting a comprehensive examination, which includes the following tests and instrumental methods:
- Blood tests, general and biochemical, with the determination of the concentration of hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte.
- Respiratory urease test - reveals an infectious pathogen.
- Determination of the level of acidity.
- Laboratory examination of feces for the presence of occult blood.
- X-ray of the stomach using a contrast agent.
- Fibrogastroesophagoduodenoscopy with biopsy.
If necessary, an ultrasound examination of the stomach and intestines, tomography is performed.
Diagnostic signs and differences between gastritis and peptic ulcer
The difference between diseases digestive system seen during endoscopy. An ulcer differs from gastritis in clinical indicators:
- Folds - concentrated around the ulcerative formation on the mucosa.
- The color of the mucous walls - hyperemia of the membrane is noted, on which there are foci of scarring on the connective tissues, the color is from saturated red to pale.
- Defects. The foci are rounded, with a deepening in the center, the color is yellow or gray.
- Bleeding - in the center at the bottom of the ulcerative focus or along its edges.
- The vascular pattern is moderate during the remission period, it is not observed in the exacerbation phase.
The difference between gastritis and ulcers:
- Folds. They are evenly distributed, under the influence of air they easily straighten out, the folds thicken due to tissue swelling and infiltration processes.
- Color of mucous membranes. Red, in some places there are foci with inclusions as in scarlet fever. Mucous membranes may be pale, with alternating pink and white lesions.
- Defects are absent.
- Bleeding - occurs only when the instrument touches the damaged areas of the mucous membranes.
- Vessel pattern - in atrophic processes it is clearly distinguishable, if gastritis proceeds in a hyperacid form, the vascular pattern is not determined.
It is necessary to understand exactly how to distinguish an ulcer from gastritis in order to make the correct diagnosis and prescribe adequate treatment. For this, it is not enough to analyze the symptomatic picture; a comprehensive study of the state of the gastrointestinal tract is mandatory.
Feature of the treatment
There is no big difference between prescribing drugs, but the patient must understand how the treatment of diseases differs. For both pathologies of the digestive system, the following drugs are prescribed:
- Antibiotics - destroy the pathogen Helicobacter pylori.
- Proton pump blockers - slow down the secretion of hydrochloric acid.
- Medicines of the antacid group - reduce the degree negative impact on the mucous membranes of the stomach.
- Bismuth drugs form a protective film on the mucous membranes, which has a cytoprotective and antibacterial effect.
- Antispasmodics - reduce the severity of painful symptoms, stop muscle spasms.
- Alginates - stop the process of reflux formation by creating a barrier on the mucous membranes.
The choice of drugs may differ depending on what caused the pathological process in the stomach, the type of pathogen and the severity of the clinical case.
A special place in the treatment of peptic ulcer and gastritis is occupied by a therapeutic diet. It must be strictly observed. Compliance with a certain diet helps to eliminate painful symptoms and slow down the further development of the pathological process.
List of foods that diet allows for gastritis and ulcers:
- Lean meats - chicken, rabbit, beef.
- Low-fat fish - perch, pike perch and pelengas.
- Kasha with milk.
- Neutral, non-acidic vegetables and fruits - carrots, beets and potatoes, bananas, pumpkins, peaches.
- Mild spices - thyme, curry, ginger.
- Dairy and sour-milk products with minimal or medium fat content.
Prohibited Products:
- Fatty meat, lard, fish.
- Bean cultures.
- Sour vegetables and fruits - apples, tomatoes, plums, white cabbage, garlic.
- Spices containing red or black pepper.
- Dairy and sour-milk products with a high fat content.
With these diseases, the main principle is to eat often, but little by little, to observe the drinking regimen. If the correct selection of food is carried out, peptic ulcer and gastritis will gradually begin to slow down their development, the general condition and functioning of the digestive system will improve.
It is difficult to say which is worse, gastritis or gastric ulcer. Both pathological processes have a similar mechanism of development and similar clinical manifestations. Both gastritis and ulcers without timely treatment lead to severe complications from the gastrointestinal tract and can provoke the development of stomach cancer.
Wrong lifestyle and poor nutrition negatively affect the human digestive system. Increasingly, there are common diseases of gastritis and stomach ulcers. The symptoms of the diseases are similar. Even a gastroenterologist is not always able to understand what is bothering the patient. To determine the exact clinical picture, studies are carried out - FGDS and x-rays of the stomach.
The main difference between gastritis and stomach ulcers is that with gastritis an inflammatory process is formed on the mucous membrane, and with an ulcer it is focal, with deep tissue damage.
Gastritis is an inflammation of the mucous wall of the stomach, of varying intensity, as a result of the disease, a violation of the secretory function occurs. The disease is easier than. Simple forms can be treated with only a special diet. In connection with what has been said, a person often does not attach importance to his own ailments. The longer the patient neglects the symptoms, the greater the likelihood of inflammation of the submucosal layers.
In case of violation of the proper functioning of the inner lining of the stomach, wounds are formed on the mucous membrane - erosion. Erosive, or ulcerative, gastritis is much more severe and is considered the first stage of peptic ulcer. During an exacerbation, the patient suffers from incessant pain and vomiting after eating.
Peptic ulcer is a pathological change in the wall of the stomach of a certain localization. It occurs as a result of constant exposure to aggressive acids on the gastric mucosa.
Symptoms of gastritis
The disease occurs in two forms: acute and chronic. There are gastritis with high and low acidity. A lot of people suffer from moderately severe gastritis in a long-term form, recognizable by symptoms:
- Pain in the epigastric region, aggravated after eating.
- Heaviness.
- Nausea.
- Heartburn.
- Decreased appetite.
Causes
The main cause of the development of pathology today is the bacterium Helicobacter Pelori, the causative agent of peptic ulcer, gastritis and gastroduodenitis. The presence of bacteria is found out during the endoscopy procedure when taking a scraping from the mucous membrane.
Eating disorders are considered the leading cause, these include:
- the use of fatty, smoked and spicy foods;
- irregular meals;
- the presence in the diet of a large amount of dry food;
- intake of poorly chewed foods;
- binge eating.
Among the reasons are also:
- alcohol and smoking;
- stress and nervous disorders;
- taking selected medications (painkillers, anti-inflammatory and other drugs that irritate the stomach);
- autoimmune diseases;
- hereditary predisposition;
- lack of vitamins.
How to independently distinguish gastritis from an ulcer
Getting to a good doctor today is not easy, many people tend to independently determine the presence of diseases. The main thing is not to abuse, only the doctor has the right to make the right conclusion.
As mentioned earlier, the symptoms of the two diseases are similar. If you look closely at the body, it becomes clear the difference between gastritis and ulcers. Let's look at a number of factors.
Pain localization
With gastritis, discomfort disturbs the patient constantly or periodically. An ulcer is characterized by sharp pain with a clear localization. A person is able to specifically indicate where it hurts.
Time of onset of pain
Unlike gastritis, the pain of an ulcer worries a person day and night. A small meal will help relieve pain.
Periods of exacerbations
Gastritis bothers a person at any time of the year, regardless of the season. Exacerbation depends more on the violation of the diet. For ulcer exacerbation is typical in the autumn-spring periods.
hungry pains
Most patients with gastritis and ulcers experience pain during hunger, but there are differences. If hunger pains appear 3-4 hours after eating, it is probably gastritis. If it starts to hurt soon after eating, causing nausea and even vomiting, an ulcer is implied.
Gastritis differs from stomach ulcers in that the patient's blood counts remain normal. With an ulcer, hemoglobin often decreases. A person is worried about fatigue, dizziness, liquid stool with blood (or vice versa, solid), vomiting with blood.
Among the external signs in ulcers, there is a plaque on the tongue, excessive sweating of the hands. Those suffering from gastritis do not experience such symptoms.
Peptic ulcer can be almost asymptomatic ("silent ulcers") and not differ from gastritis. This is typical for older people who are sick diabetes, for individuals taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In such cases, the patient is sure own health until the development of complications forces you to seek medical help.
Treatment of gastritis and stomach ulcers
Both diseases require urgent treatment. Gastritis in advanced form soon turns into an ulcer, which is a danger to human life. Today, physicians distinguish within ten types of gastritis of varying severity. An experienced gastroenterologist is able to make an accurate diagnosis. According to the results of FGDS, staging, acidity in the stomach and the causes of the disease.
The effectiveness of treatment depends on the stage of the disease and the patient's attitude to following the doctor's instructions. Violation of the prescribed diet, smoking and drinking alcohol will significantly complicate the treatment.
When prescribing therapy, doctors today consider not the acidity of gastric juice, but the condition of the mucosa, based on the results of endoscopy. In the acute form, treatment is initially aimed at eliminating unpleasant symptoms. Medications neutralize the acidity in the stomach, reducing inflammation and pain. Dieting is a must.
- Anesthesia. Antispasmodics No-shpa, Drotaverine and others will help relieve pain.
- Antacids are drugs that reduce acidity. They act more slowly, but more effectively and longer, thanks to the antiseptic and absorbent properties. The drugs include: Phosphalugel, Almagel, Maalox.
- Proton pump blockers - drugs that reduce the secretion of the glands of the stomach. By acting on the mucous membrane, it is established that hydrochloric acid is secreted in the stomach in an extremely small amount. This category includes drugs Robeprazole, Lansoprazole, Omeprazole. Using the listed medicines, the acidity of the stomach decreases for a long time, irritation decreases.
For the treatment of Helicobacter Pelori bacteria, in addition to proton pump blockers, antibiotics are prescribed - amoxicillin, clarithromycin and trichopolum.
Ulcer treatment is carried out seriously, aimed at eliminating Helicobacter Pelori - as the main source of peptic ulcer. Without antibiotics, treatment is not possible. Drugs are prescribed that form a protective film on the mucous membrane, which promotes the healing of ulcers.
Ulcers should strictly follow a diet and avoid nervous tension.
Nutrition for gastritis and ulcers
Diet and eating habits are important in the treatment of these diseases. Basic principles:
- Eat little and often, do not overeat.
- Take food warm.
- Exclude smoking and alcoholic drinks, spicy, smoked and fried.
- Refuse sour vegetables and fruits, rich broths and fatty meats. Reduce consumption of dairy products.
During an exacerbation, dairy-free cereals, light broths, rice and mashed potatoes with the addition of a small amount of butter should be eaten. With the onset of improvement, it is possible to diversify the menu, but the processing of products remains gentle (wiped, steamed). Eliminate spices, spicy snacks and coffee.
Food tolerance is different for each person, each patient has his own list of allowed and prohibited.
Prevention
Any person should monitor nutrition and lead healthy lifestyle life. This is the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases. If gastritis still appears, careful attention and accurate diagnosis will exclude the development of peptic ulcer.
Patients should undergo preventive examinations by a gastroenterologist at least 1-2 times a year. It is important to monitor the condition of the disease in order to prevent deterioration in time. Eating regularly and following a diet is the key to good health.
Diseases of the digestive system are widespread among the adult population. Gastritis and ulcers occupy leading positions in the structure of the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. The disorder is more common in men than in women. A high level of morbidity is associated with common causes and features of the pathogenesis of the degenerative-inflammatory process. The symptoms and signs of these conditions are very similar. Therefore, a specialist during the initial examination does not always immediately differentiate them.
The main differences are in the morphological changes in the gastric mucosa. However, treatment provides that perform the same tasks.
Causes of diseases
In the development of inflammation and the appearance of mucosal defects, external and internal factors play. They lead to changes in epithelial cells, which contributes to disruption of production and changes in acidity in the stomach. But there is a difference between these states. can be with different pH levels. This is its main difference. characterized by high acidity of gastric juice. The duodenum is also exposed to aggressive action with the formation of lesions in the bulb area.
Pathological conditions arise due to such reasons:
- Infection is the main etiological factor, which is detected in 80-90% of patients.
- Poor nutrition with the use of harmful products.
- Psycho-emotional stress, stress, overwork.
- Receiving some medicines for a long time - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sulfonamides.
- Disorders of the endocrine system.
- Diseases that provoke an increase in pH - carcinoid syndrome, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, gastrinoma.
- autoimmune pathology.
- Exposure to professional factors - alkali vapors, acids, radiation, coal and metal dust.
- Smoking and drinking alcohol.
- hereditary predisposition.
What are the symptoms of stomach ulcers and gastritis
Mucosal changes that are characterized by inflammation and defect formation have similar clinical features. The conditions are chronic. AT last years classic symptoms of gastritis and gastric ulcer with duodenal ulcer are less common. Often there is a latent form of disease. However, there are features that help to differentiate the type of pathology.
Symptoms of gastritis
Chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa has distinctive features. Depending on the pH level, patients have different symptoms of gastritis. Hypersecretion of gastric juice causes reflux, inhibits intestinal motility. With the destruction of epithelial cells, the secret is no longer produced, and a hypoacid state occurs. Low production of hydrochloric acid leads to difficulty in digestion of food, malabsorption of vitamins and nutrients. The variant of the pathology can be distinguished by the symptoms independently.
Treatment of gastritis and stomach ulcers with drugs
After the final diagnosis is established, the doctor draws up an action plan that includes diet, medication, and alternative methods. Treatment of gastritis and ulcers is an integrated approach. This contributes to a rapid recovery and a decrease in the likelihood of a recurrence of the disease. The protocol helps the specialist navigate and prescribe the optimal treatment for the patient. The treatment regimen for gastritis and stomach ulcers is practically the same, the drugs are suitable in both cases. The list is represented by the following groups:
- Antibacterial substances - for stepwise therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori.
- Proton pump blockers - which reduce the secretion of hydrochloric acid.
- Antagonists of H2-histamine receptors.
- Antacids - in order to reduce the aggressive effects of gastric juice on the mucosa.
- Bismuth preparations - an antiulcer drug that can create a protective film, have a bactericidal and cytoprotective effect.
- Antispasmodics - eliminate spasm and reduce pain.
- Alginates - prevent the development of reflux due to the gel barrier on the surface of the mucosa.
Attention! The tactics of a gastroenterologist is to prescribe medications to reduce acidity and antibiotics at the same time, based on the data obtained after examining the patient.
Antibiotics for gastritis and stomach ulcers
The main drugs that begin to treat pathology are antibacterial agents. This approach is necessary to kill Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium that causes inflammation in the digestive tract. The scheme provides for stepwise therapy, the list of drugs is presented in Table 3.
Additionally, other drugs are used to eradicate the bacteria. The duration of therapy is from 10 to 14 days.
Table 3. Groups of antibiotics used for gastritis and ulcers
| Group | Name of the drug |
| Penicillins | Amoxicillin 1000 mg 2 times a day |
| Macrolides | Clarithromycin, Fromilid, Klacid 500 mg 2 times a day |
| Imidazole derivatives | Metronidazole, Trichopolum, Tinidazole 500 mg 2 times a day |
| Tetracyclines | Tetracycline 500 mg 4 times a day |
| Fluoroquinolones | Levofloxacin 500 mg 1 time per day |
| Rifampicin group | Rifabutin 300 mg 1 time per day |
The combined drug Pylobact Neo is presented on the pharmaceutical market. Each package contains three first-line agents for the treatment of gastritis and ulcers. For most patients, this is the most the best medicine considering ease of use and economic benefits.
Painkillers for gastritis and stomach ulcers
Along with antibacterial substances, additional drugs are prescribed that eliminate hypersecretion and reduce discomfort. Excess hydrochloric acid irritates the mucous membrane, which is manifested by pain and heartburn. Auxiliary therapy is aimed at pain relief in gastritis and gastric ulcer. For these purposes, the following drugs are used.
Table 4. Drugs that relieve pain in ulcers and gastritis
| Groups of medications | Name |
| Proton pump blockers | Omeprazole, Nolpaza 40-80 mg per day in 2 divided doses |
| Histamine H2 receptor antagonists | Ranitidine, Famotidine 1 tablet 2 times a day |
| Bismuth preparations | , bismuth subcitrate 120 mg 4 times a day |
| Antacids |
Phosphalugel, Maalox (liquid forms) 2-3 packages per day, but not more than 6; Sucralfate tablets 1 piece 4 times a day |
| Antispasmodics | No-shpa, Riabal, Dicetel 1 tablet 2-3 times a day |
Carefully! Antipyretics and traditional painkillers (Analgin, Paracetamol, Solpadein) are not used to eliminate pain. Because they are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and can increase hydrochloric acid production.
Diet and features of clinical nutrition
The success of treatment largely depends on the correct diet. Diet for gastritis and stomach ulcers is aimed at reducing the irritating effect of food. The multiplicity of meals is increased to 5-6 times a day. In the stage of exacerbation of the disease, products are consumed necessarily after heat treatment. Food can be boiled, baked or steamed. You need to eat regularly, avoid starvation. What you can eat and what you can not, is reflected in table 5.
Table 5. Allowed and prohibited foods for gastritis and stomach ulcers
| Allowed | Limit or exclude |
| Lean meat products (beef, pork, chicken breast) |
Fatty meat, lard; by-products (skin, cartilage, liver) |
| lean fish pelengas, zander, perch |
oily fish mackerel, salmon, belan |
| Dairy porridge | Bean Dishes |
| Fruits and vegetables (neutral) bananas, peaches, pumpkin, potatoes, beets, carrots |
Fruits and vegetables apples, berries, plums, tomatoes, white cabbage, radish, turnip, garlic |
| Spices cinnamon, ginger, thyme, curry, turmeric |
Spices hot red and black pepper |
| skimmed milk, non-sour curd, hard cheeses |
Milk products with a high percentage fat content cream, ryazhenka, fatty cheeses, kefir |
| Soups with vegetable broths |
Sour borscht; meat, mushroom, fish broth |
| Compotes, kissels | Acid fruit juices, fresh juices, carbonated drinks, coffee |
| lean bread | Yeast baked goods |
The list of products for inflammatory diseases of the stomach corresponds to diet number 5.
Folk remedies
Along with medication, alternative prescriptions are used. In most cases, stomach ulcers also contain substances of plant origin. Non-traditional methods practically almost do not cause adverse reactions and complications. Therefore, they remain in high demand among patients. The most famous drugs based on natural ingredients are presented in table 6.
Table 6. Folk remedies for the treatment of gastritis and ulcers
| Folk remedy | Mode of application |
| Water Based Propolis Elixir | Ready extract of beekeeping products - 7-10 drops of liquid 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals |
| Infusion of cinquefoil | 1 tablespoon of crushed raw materials is poured into 200 ml of boiling water in a thermos. Insist 2 hours. Drink 1/3 cup of tea 1 hour before meals |
| Sea buckthorn with honey | 3 tablespoons of berries are brewed in a glass of boiling water, filtered, 3 tablespoons of honey are added. Take 1 teaspoon on an empty stomach |
| Infusion of yarrow and buckthorn | A mixture of equal parts of herbs is poured into 1 liter of boiling water. Insist 2 hours. Drink in the morning on an empty stomach 1 glass |
| Licorice root infusion | 2 teaspoons of crushed root pour 1 liter of boiling water. Insist during the day and filter. Take 100 ml 3 times a day before meals |
| , yarrow and celandine | Dry grass is poured with 1 liter of boiled milk, insisted in an enamel bowl for 2 hours. Taken throughout the day in small sips |
Prevention of gastritis and stomach ulcers
Prevention of recurrence of the disease is the main task of the gastroenterologist. Prevention of gastritis and ulcers includes a number of measures aimed at restoring the full function of the digestive organs and eliminating unpleasant symptoms. The main stages of patient rehabilitation can be noted:
- Elimination of provoking factors.
- Proper nutrition.
- Taking medication to prevent exacerbation.
- Phytotherapy.
- Physiotherapy.
- Spa treatment.
Secondary prevention involves taking medications that restore the function of the gastrointestinal tract and promote tissue healing. Unlike the exacerbation stage, antibacterial substances are not used during remission. Recommended medications are shown in Table 7.
Table 7. Drugs for the prevention of exacerbation of ulcers and gastritis
Conclusion
Pathological conditions of the digestive system, which are characterized by erosive and inflammatory changes, have common causes and mechanisms of development. The symptoms of gastritis and stomach ulcers are often similar. Therefore, only a specialist can find the difference between diseases. In addition, a stomach ulcer is accompanied by inflammation of the gastric mucosa, not only at the site of the defect. A timely appeal to a gastroenterologist is a guarantee of recovery, prevention of relapse and a return to a full life.
Not everyone knows that gastritis and stomach ulcers have much in common in terms of symptoms and signs. The difference lies in the time of onset of the pain syndrome. Inflammation is considered a less dangerous pathology, but it can also cause complications (malignancy, ulcers, digestive disorders).
These diseases are caused by malnutrition (abuse of fried, spicy and pickled foods, carbonated water), Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking and alcoholism.
Prevention of gastritis and stomach ulcers is a big problem.
What is the difference between gastritis and stomach ulcer
Symptoms of inflammation and GU are known to all gastroenterologists. This is one of the most common diseases among the adult population.
Inflammation of the stomach is acute and chronic, hyperacid and with reduced acidity, catarrhal and hemorrhagic. The atrophic form of the disease is often diagnosed.
Depending on the etiology, infectious and non-infectious (drug, alcohol, toxic) types of inflammation are distinguished.
The catarrhal form is most often diagnosed. The causes of gastritis are the penetration of Helicobacter pylori bacteria, alcohol abuse, spicy food intake and intoxication.
Symptoms of catarrh are:
- general malaise;
- heaviness in the epigastric region;
- pain;
- bitter taste in the mouth;
- hypersalivation;
- nausea;
- decreased appetite.
There may be dizziness and weakness. The first symptoms occur within half a day after exposure to an irritating factor.
Gastritis differs from a stomach ulcer in that it only inflames the mucous membrane. Ulcerative defects are not formed.
The difference between gastritis and stomach ulcers is the time of onset of pain. With inflammation, it is observed immediately after eating, and with an ulcer - after 30-60 minutes or on an empty stomach.
The first signs of gastritis include vomiting. During it, the following are possible: tachycardia, stool disturbance by the type of diarrhea and a decrease in blood pressure.
The tongue of the patients is often covered with a white coating. There is bloating. Palpation reveals severe pain.
Other symptoms include dry mouth and bad breath.
If untreated, the disease can become chronic and ulcer.
Symptoms of hemorrhagic inflammation
Signs of GU and inflammation are nonspecific. The hemorrhagic form is often diagnosed.
A synonym is erosive inflammation. Only the mucous membrane is involved in the process. The erosion size is less than 3 mm.
If left untreated, gastritis may develop bleeding. The risk group includes alcoholics.
With this pathology, the following symptoms are observed:
- lack of appetite;
- dull pain in the upper abdomen;
- nausea;
- vomiting with an admixture of blood;
- metallic taste in the mouth;
- or ;
- tension in the abdominal muscles;
- weakness;
- dizziness.
With massive bleeding, the feces become dark. The heart rate increases.
Perhaps oppression of consciousness. In this case, you need to exclude a stomach ulcer.
Chronic gastritis may differ from acute trophic disorders in the form of dry skin and brittle nails.
When bleeding appears headache and worries about weakness.
Symptoms of the hypoacid form of inflammation
With gastritis and stomach ulcers, the symptoms largely depend on. The attending physician should be aware of the signs of chronic hypoacid inflammation.
This disease is characterized by a decrease in acidity due to atrophy of the glands. It's about about atrophic and autoimmune types of this pathology. The disease proceeds in a relapsing form.
Pathology can turn into ulcers and cancer. This is due to mucosal atrophy and tissue dysplasia. Not everyone knows how to distinguish between gastritis and an ulcer.
With inflammation of the stomach with low acidity, the following symptoms are possible:
- rotten or airy belching;
- nausea;
- bitterness in the mouth;
- feeling of fullness in the stomach;
- heaviness in the abdomen;
- loss of appetite;
- aching pain after eating;
- chair instability.
Atrophy leads to malabsorption of nutrients and vitamins. Possible weight loss.
If there is gastritis or a stomach ulcer, their symptoms are not known to everyone. In the case of achilia (lack of hydrochloric acid), glossitis and gingivitis develop.
The patient's tongue becomes bright red. Often the intestines suffer. Dysbacteriosis develops.
Persistent neurological disorders are possible. With internal bleeding, anemia develops.
The pressure then drops. Pain is not a constant symptom of hemorrhagic gastritis.
Symptoms of peptic ulcer
Signs of a stomach ulcer resemble inflammation, but there are differences. The main symptom is pain.
It has the following features:
- dull, stabbing or cutting;
- felt in the upper abdomen;
- appears on an empty stomach or 30-60 minutes after eating;
- subsides after 2 hours;
- radiates to the right hypochondrium;
- eliminated by antacids and proton pump inhibitors;
- worries more in autumn and spring;
- associated with dyspeptic disorders.
Gastric and duodenal ulcers differ from gastritis in that the pain syndrome depends on the location of the defect.
When the body of the organ is affected, discomfort is noted to the left of the midline.
If there is an ulcerative defect of the pyloric region, then the pain is felt on the right.
Exacerbations are more common in people who are used to eating spicy foods.
A duodenal ulcer is different in that with it the pain appears only after 1.5-2 hours.
Sometimes it occurs at night. Other symptoms of stomach ulcers include a burning sensation in the chest, flatulence, and loose stools.
Nausea and vomiting are possible. If you eat with an ulcer incorrectly, then there is a high probability of bleeding and perforation of the organ wall.
With an atypical form of this pathology, pain in the lower back and the region of the heart may occur.
How to distinguish gastritis from stomach ulcers
Not everyone knows how to distinguish between simple gastritis and GU. It is impossible to do this on the basis of the clinical picture.
An endoscopic examination (FEGDS) or radiography is required.
Signs of gastritis and stomach ulcers are similar.
The differences are:
- time of onset of pain syndrome;
- sleep disturbance;
- admixture of blood in vomit.
Gastritis and PU have the same etiology. This makes it difficult to make a diagnosis. A distinctive feature of YABZH is a decrease in pain after eating.
The reason is the enveloping of the defect with chyme, which reduces contact with acidic contents.
Diagnosis of gastritis and stomach ulcers
Before treating a person, you need to confirm the diagnosis. Other diseases must be distinguished from ulcers and gastritis.
This will require the following research:
- determination of stomach acidity;
- FEGDS;
- biopsy;
- radiography with contrast;
- analysis for antibodies to Helicobacter;
- biochemical analysis;
- general clinical research;
- palpation of the abdomen;
- analysis of faeces for occult blood.
Treatment of gastritis and stomach ulcers with medicines
If gastritis and stomach ulcers are detected, the symptoms can be eliminated with medication.
Exist different methods treatment of GU and inflammation.
Antibiotics for gastritis are used for positive results analysis for bacteria.
First-line drugs include macrolides and protected penicillins.
Excellent tool Flemoxin Solutab. Antacids are included in the treatment regimen for gastritis and gastric ulcer.
They help reduce acidity and relieve pain. This is the main manifestation of these pathologies of the digestive system.
The list of drugs for gastritis and stomach ulcers is very wide. It includes medicines such as Rennie, Gaviscon, Almagel, Phosphalugel.
Proton pump blockers help. An indication for their appointment is an increase in acidity.
These tablets for gastritis and ulcers block the enzyme responsible for the formation of hydrochloric acid.
These include: Sanpraz, Khairabezol, Nolpaza, Omez, Pariet. Very often prescribed gastroprotectors.
These are medicines for ulcers and hyperacid gastritis, which protect the mucosa of the organ from harmful effects acids.
Venter and De-Nol are most in demand. All prescriptions are written by a doctor. In the treatment of gastritis and stomach ulcers, physiotherapy is often performed.
If gastritis (ulcer) is detected, hospitalization may be required. The difference is that severe complications often develop in the form of perforation, penetration, malignancy and bleeding. In this case medicine will not help.
An operation (resection or suturing) is required. In the absence of complications, surgery is not performed.
For inflammation, treatment often includes the use of gastric juice. It is indicated for achilia.
Diet for gastritis and stomach ulcers
In the treatment of gastritis and stomach ulcers, drugs are not the only remedy. All patients are on a diet.
What you can eat with gastritis, not everyone will say. With GU and inflammation with high acidity, table No. 1-b is shown in the remission phase.
Nutrition for gastritis and ulcers is given special attention. During the period of exacerbation, it is required to adhere to diet No. 1-a.
If a hypoacid form of inflammation of the stomach is detected, treatment includes diet No. 2.
Not everyone is able to keep healthy eating with gastritis and ulcers. It takes will and patience.
What dishes for gastritis are allowed to eat is known to every gastroenterologist.
With high acidity, you need to abandon fried, spicy, pickled, salty and fatty. Do not eat sweet and sour fruits and vegetables.
You can drink jelly, milk, rosehip broth, herbal infusions, water, sweet fruit drink.
Diet for gastritis and stomach ulcers prohibits the use of alcohol.
If atrophy of the glands is observed, then extractive substances are included in the diet, which increase appetite and secretion of juice.
Their choice is better to entrust the doctor. Sea buckthorn gives a good effect. It can be eaten fresh or as a jam.
Sea buckthorn oil for gastritis is an excellent remedy. It heals the mucous membrane and the defects that have arisen on it.
Folk remedies for gastritis and stomach ulcers can speed up recovery. Despite this, they do not replace drugs.
An excellent remedy is flax seeds. To avoid the treatment of ulcers and gastritis, you need to follow simple measures to prevent these diseases.
You must adhere to the following rules:
- give up alcohol;
- Healthy food;
- quit smoking;
- eat only from clean dishes;
- do not take long-term NSAIDs;
- carry out psychological relaxation.
Prevention
Medicines for gastritis and stomach ulcers are not always effective. Much depends on a person's lifestyle.
Prevention of ulcers involves the normalization of the diet. It is necessary to eat at least 3 times a day with short intervals.
Prevention of stomach ulcers folk remedies may also fail.
Thus, GU is a more dangerous disease than gastritis.
