The principle of operation of the centrifugal separator is based on a well-known physical law, according to which the inertia is in effect during the rotation of the drum on the mass of substances in it, proportional to the mass density at this point.

In such separators, the stream falling into the device receives a distributed symmetrical twist without changing its direction.

21. Write and explain the formula of theoretical and real supply of the UCHN?

Qt \u003d 1440 * F * S * N is the volume described by the plunger with a given number of double strokes, provided that the whole described by the volume is filled with liquid.

Where f \u003d πd 2/4 is the cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200bthe pair plunger cylinder, S - the length of the plunger's move, n is the number of double balancing heads, 1440 - 60 minutes * 24h.

When the plunger is moving up, the amount of fluid is supplanted upwards, when the plunger is moved down to the same SP value, an additional fluid volume is supplanted, for the total (double) pump plunger's pump feed is equal to the amount of feeding up and down. Between the plunger and the suspension point of the rod, i.e. the head of the balancer, from which the plunger is transferred to the reciprocating movement, is the long column of the rod, which must be considered as the elastic rod. Therefore, the movement of the plunger either by amplitude, or by phase does not coincide with the movement of the suspension point. In other words, the SP plunger stroke is not equal to the move point S. The valid plunger's move is not a direct measurement. The stroke of the suspension point is measurable and is known from the passport characteristic of the rocking machine, and the so-called theoretical supply of SCN is obtained.

QD \u003d Qt - QSH - QNT; - The actual feed is always less theoretical, because Inside the pump, fluid flows (leakage) occur.

Qshsn \u003d quill + qkk + qEKV;

QD \u003d Qt - QL - QCC - qEKV - QNT;

Where qshsn - the volume of leaks in the pump, the QCT - the volume of leaks through the threaded connection of the NKT, occurs due to the elastic deformation, depends on the type of pipe and its size; It is constant for a specific well. QL - leakage in a plunger, QCC - leakage in the valve, qEKV - Wrinkle with a liquid with a liquid to isolate gas from oil.

22. For what dependence is the theoretical and valid submission of SCN ????????

25. Explain the concept of the "Rocking Machine Transmission".What can be changed in the opening mode using this mechanism?

The mechanical drive transmission includes a lower reducer, a clinorem transmission, an electric motor or an internal combustion engine

(DVS). The transmission is designed to reduce the rotation frequency of the motor shaft to the frequency of swinging rods. The change in the number of swing occurs by changing the quick-release pulley.

28. Entry the concept of "Converting Machine Machine Rocking". What can be changed in the opening mode using this mechanism?

The converting mechanism consists of a balance sheet installed on the rack; Schetunov and crank.

On a crank, which is the leading link of the transforming mechanism of PSNN, provides holes for changing the length of the stroke rod. It is carried out by permutation of the finger of crank to the appropriate hole. To increase the length of the stroke, the crank finger is mounted in a hole located on a larger radius from the center, to reduce - into a hole with a smaller radius from the center.

29. List the types of ground drives UCHN?

Mechanical - distributed; hydraulic - 1%; pneumatic.

33. Appointment of dosage pumping units, their main parameters?

Designed for dosing neutral and aggressive liquids, emulsions and suspensions with kinematic viscosity of 0.0035 to 8cm 2 / s, temperature from -15 to 200 o C, mass fraction of a solid non-abrasive phase up to 10%, the size of grains of solid non-abrasive phase not more than 1% From the diameter of the conditional passage of the connecting pipes.

The main parameters characterizing the work of this unit: the dosing accuracy category; innings; discharge pressure; Allowable vacuum absorption height.

34. Transfer separation sections of oilfield separators, their purpose? Draw a diagram of the vertical separator.

1. The main separation section. Designed for uniform input of the gas-liquid mixture into the device and for separating the main part of the fluid from the flow.

2. The precipitating section. Designed to enlarge small particles of liquid and additional separation of gas bubbles from oil.

3. Section of collecting separated oil.It serves to collect and output fluid from the separator without the formation of a funnel.

4.Dumping section. Designed to capture the particles of the liquid in the gas separator from the separator.

37. Entry the concept of "floating" type of working wheels in ETSN?

In the domestic structures of the submersible pumps, industrial uses received steps with the working wheels of a floating type, that is, the working wheels can move freely along the pump shaft within the axial height of the guide apparatus, and perceive the torque from the pump shaft using the knap. Such a solution is intended to withdraw the axial efforts arising on the working wheel of one-sided entry, from the pump shaft and transfer it to the case of the corresponding guide machine and then on the pump housing.

38. Purpose of the pipeline of fountain reinforcement?

1. For the sealing of the intercoupled space through the crossbar and the tee for the message with the annular space;

2. For measurement of pressure in the annular space;

3. For the suspension of one or two rows of pumping and compressor pipes.

4. For technological operations during the development, operation and repair of wells.

39. Appointment of fountain tree of fountain reinforcement?

Fountain Christmas tree serves for:

2. cost control of the work of the well, by installing instruments, pressure gauges, thermometers, on a couphe or coil; Installations of special gland devices (lubricators) for the descent of deep instruments or scrapers for cleaning paraffin.

40. Advantages and disadvantages of tee fountain reinforcement?

Advantages:

1. The drawing fountain reinforcement has several taps of which the upper removal is a worker, when the top outlet is out of order, the main barblastic valve and well products are sent along the lower divert, while the well operation does not stop;

2. A supervised strapping in manifold;

3. The drawing fountain reinforcement is designed for low and medium pressures.

Disadvantages:

1. Large dimensions and metal-intensity.

Consumer satisfaction with a quality product is the primary task of each manufacturer. At the same time, as noted, the quality of the product is the result of the quality of the processes, the output of which it performs (the quality of the process is equal to the quality of the results). Therefore, to ensure high-quality exit, the manufacturer / supplier must ensure the appropriate quality of the process itself.

What is a "process" in the theory of quality management?

Under the process in TQM is understood not only the product production process. There are two points of view on what is the process:

• the process is the organization of resources
• the process is organized.

TQM comes from the second definition, considering the process as any organized activity planned to generate the exit pre-installed for a specific user, while ensuring the necessary input of the process.

Any process has boundaries defined by the initial stage (input) and the final (output). The entrance is often viewed as the resources of the process. The process output is the result of the conversion or set of transformations. The process performs its activities using resources. From this point of view, it is possible to define a process: this is a combination of interrelated resources and activities that converts incoming elements into the exit.

What types of processes can be divided into?

Processes in any company in their essence can be three species:

• individual process performed by individual individuals
• functional, or vertical process, reflecting the work of the company vertical and its corresponding structure of the interaction of managers, departments, divisions and employees of the company.
• business Process or a horizontal process that crosses the horizontal activity of the company and represents a set of interrelated integrated processes.
• What is needed to effectively perform the process?

Each process should have its own owner, which is responsible for improving the work of the process and can make independent decisions. Also, each process should have a manager - the person is responsible for its qualitative functioning and execution.

Focusing on the process means that the main factor is prevention, and not a correction of the mistakes made. Influence on the process, and not on the results of the process - the basic concept of the management of the company's processes operating under TQM. You can not expect the final result, and then correct errors, it is necessary to influence the process itself to prevent them.

What indicators are used to control processes?

The basis of processes management are the following performance indicators:

• process Implementation Costs
• duration of the process
• performance indicators of the process
• What steps need to do to implement this principle?

To implement the principle of process approach, it is necessary to take the following actions in the organization:

• determining the process of achieving the desired result
• establishment and measurement of the "entry" and "output" of the process
• coordination of the process with the functions of the organization
• assessment of possible risks
• clear distribution of powers, responsibility and accountability in the process management
• definition of domestic and external consumers and suppliers, other process participants
• concentration of attention in the decision-making process at the stages of the process, streams, measurement facilities, training needs, equipment, methodologies, information, materials and other resources necessary to achieve the desired result

Based on this principle, the organization should determine the processes of design, production and supply of products or services, as a result, managing the results of the process goes into the management of the process itself. The next step on the way to TQM is to optimize the use of resources in each allocated process, based on the strictest control over the use of all types of resources and search for opportunities to reduce the cost of production costs (service provision).

Law 80/20 [how to succeed without effort] Johnson Scott McQueen

Chapter first. What is the basis of 80/20 principle?

We are accustomed to think that the efforts that we apply give an equal result. Based on this, we firmly believe that the more we will work, the more we get money, the more we pay attention to people, the better they treat us. Is it really really?

In fact, everything happens completely on the contrary. You can not work for years to work in one enterprise and do not achieve anything that big heights, but even the recognition of colleagues or spend a lot of time with people who, in difficult times, even talk to you. Think about why it happens? Perhaps most of the time you did not do what you need, and not in that company?

No matter how paradoxically sounds, but contrary to the ultimate opinion that, how much you will invest, you will get the same, everything is distributed quite different in life. Only 20 percent of your efforts, resources or contacts bring 80 percent of income and pleasure. This suggests that 80 percent of your time and efforts you are squaring on secondary or unnecessary things that give a little return no more than 20 percent.

On this unfair disproportion and built the 80/20 principle. Despite the fact that it was known in the year before last, just recently began to be actively used in managerial structures.

The idea of \u200b\u200bthe 80/20 principle is so simple and at the same time is unique, which, having imbued with it, you can completely change your life. It can be successfully used absolutely in any business area, at any level of activity from a simple artist to the Director-General and at the same time to obtain unconditional benefits. Think about how it would be good if every your action would bring the maximum return?

It may seem that the 80/20 principle is something unusual and unattended, in fact, if you look at almost any processes in the life of a person, society or nature, we will see that everything is arranged on the 80/20 principle. For example: if you look at the time spent at work, we will see that the main and most important results were achieved in approximately one and a half - two and a half hours, which is about 20 percent of working time, while the rest of the working time brought a significantly smaller result. The same principle can be seen on the example of a human lexicon. The average person knows 8 - 10 thousand words, while in everyday life he uses no more than two and a half thousand words, which is 20 percent again.

If we consider the social sphere of our life, then we can see that 80 percent of the Company's representatives are respectable law-abiding citizens, at the same time the remaining 20 percent are personals who make 80 percent of offenses. 80-85 percent of capital focuses on only 15-20 percent of people, the remaining 80 percent of people have a small capital in an amount not exceeding 20 percent. 80 percent of schoolchildren are successfully mastering the curriculum. Only 20 percent of people become the perpetrators of 80 percent of accidents on the roads. This list can be continued to infinity. It does not matter what it is about: food, favorite books or films, rest or work - everywhere there is a principle of 80/20!

It is necessary to clearly understand its meaning and actively use in achieving maximum results when using the minimum amount of resources. Agree, if you really evaluate your capabilities, you can more competently spend time and resources.

Of course, the ratio of 80 K 20 has a somewhat average ratio. This principle can be expressed in proportions 70 to 30 or 90 to 10, but in no case 50 to 50. Many examples are proved that it is a small part of the invested resources that gives the most productive result. This fact is completely indisputable!

Moreover, it is not necessary that the total percentage of effort and the result obtained gave 100 percent. It is likely that resources and costs in the amount can give 90, 80, 110 or even 150. It happens that 80 percent of profits give 30 percent of the product range or 15 percent of buyers bring 70 percent of the company's profits. These all proportions are possible and are all the correct reflection of the law of the pair? The 80/20 ratio only most brightly reflects the essence of the imbalance, a peculiar pattern that shows that a small part of resources can give a big result and at the same time most of the resources brings a minor result. It turns out that only a quarter of our efforts is used with maximum return and, on the contrary, three quarters work inefficiently. Such proportions are most often found in life, other proportions are less likely, but everyone is possible.

From the book of the century crowd by the author Moskovichi Serge

Chapter 3. The principle of the leader is an idea to express clearer. According to the psychology, the crowd, the masses are not capable of true spiritual creation and public initiative. Any important inventions, all significant changes in history are individual creation. For each

From book Space game. Study of the Rubes of Human Consciousness author Grof Stanislav.

Chapter Third Space Creative Principle of Emptiness, in which there is no land, about emptiness, in which there is no sky, about foggy, useless space, eternal and untimely. Become a world, come! Tahitian legend of creation Falling into the Atman, which is silent, not squeal, deprived

From the book illusionism of the personality as a new philosophical and psychological concept Author Garifullin Ramil Ramsievich

The principle of illusionism is the basic principle of manipulative psychology on the basis of systematic research and observations by the author for the first time developed a new direction in psychology - manipulative psychology and introduced new principles. Basic manipulation

From the book Psychotherapy: Textbook for universities Author Liquid Maxim Evgenievich

Chapter 12 Principle of Processibility in Psychotherapy

From the book Gestalt - therapy Author Naranjo Claudio

The book is the first attitude and practice of Gestalt - therapy Part I. Theory Chapter first. The primacy of the relationship of various schools of psychoanalysis and, moreover, behavior therapy is based on certain ideas and theories, that is, on the recognition of the pattern of psychological

From the book how to deal with a male laziness. 30 rules and 20 exercises Author Korchagin Irina

Chapter 9 He has a principle: not to help there is such a category of men who fundamentally help their companions of life. Like, I earn well, I work for fourteen hours a day, and at home I am paining anything. There are few men, but they exist. And it is just

From the book 3 of the main discoveries of psychology. How to manage yourself and your life Author Kurparatov Andrey Vladimirovich

Chapter First Habit (or First Nature) Unforgettable Ivan Petrovichivan Petrovich Pavlov - Great Russian Scientist, Academician and Laureate of the Nobel Prize - Personality Outstanding! Meticulous to disgrace that tormented not only experimental dogs, but also all his colleagues and

From the book about "Dedovshchina": a view of the social psychologist by Roschin Aleksey

Chapter 11. The principle of the main character of the heroes are capable of all Hollywood films the main characters, leaving the chase in a big city, may well drive the car at the speed "for 200", naturally, pass to the "red", to rescue to the "counter" or even ride " against stream. " Per

From the book an easy way to stop afraid to fly Author Hervash Alexey Evgenievich

Chapter 4 The principle of the flight of the aircraft, people always sought to fly. More than 100 years ago, Right brothers managed to implement this dream. Flight on the first aircraft was a truly dangerous event, but over time, the safety of flights in the world has improved significantly

From the book, the opening of death in childhood and later by Anthony Sylvia

Chapter III Explanatory Principle If the fact that our children speak and do in connection with death, similar to the behavior of people who lived in distant times and in distant places, and if the theories of recapitulation and racial unconscious are recognized as untenable - what could be

From the book twenty great discoveries in children's psychology by the author Dickson Volz.

From the book of a family life strategy. How less often wash the dishes, more often to have sex and quarrel less Author Anderson Jenny

Principle, part of the first Who should do what? This is one of the first questions to which members of the government must also answer, and the heads of giant concerns, and the owners of the gas station, if they want something to do with them. Time, for example, the nearest to you

From the book of the theory of flocks [Psychoanalysis of the Great Wrestling] Author Mlimilov Alexey Alexandrovich

Principle, part of the first you got sick. You do not understand what is wrong with you - you just have a stomach hurts. Hurt after a hard day in the office and sometimes in the middle of the night. And after the workout. And after you eat Mexican Tacos for lunch. Or pasta. Or ice cream. Or nothing at all.

From the book from opponents to allies by Burg Bob

Chapter Forty First First Woman - Hero of the Soviet Union. For which it, by the commission of "the feat," the Russians beat, and why did her "feat" liked his friend Stalin so much? For the sake of justice, it should be noted that at the first stage of the war they acted not only partisans-invalid, but

From the book, the psychology of intelligence and giftedness Author Ushakov Dmitry Viktorovich

Chapter 24 The principle of consent Dale Carnegie very eloquently explained to us that there were no winners in the dispute. And it is logical, isn't it? If you have not achieved your own, they lost. But even if you have proven your rightness, it's still hardly forcing the opponent to do so as you

From the book of the author

Chapter 7. The principle of "Stages - levels - steps" representing the general scientific path of Ya. A. Ponomareva in general, you can recall the words of R. Descarte from his "reasoning about the method": "As for me, if I used to open several scientific Truthful<…>, I can say that they are only just

Details of the mechanisms, the center of severity of which does not lie on the axis of their rotation, are called unbalanced items. It is long known that the rotation of unbalanced systems creates an accelerated wear of their rubbing surfaces and in particular bearings in which rotation occurs. For this reason, the bearings of the machine tools lose the accuracy, and the surfaces treated on the machine machines do not receive the desired shape and purity.

The phenomenon of the accelerated wear of the machine mechanism, to a certain extent, is the result of various values \u200b\u200bof centrifugal forces arising in various parts of the rotating mass. To clarify this, we will imagine a detail rotating around your axis (Fig. 124, a). As the carbon velocity increases, centrifugal forces, proportional to the rotating mass and the square of its speed, will be reached. Mentally divide the rotating system into 4 equal parts around the circle. Centrifugal forces will then appear in the form of four equal, oppositely directed and, therefore, balancing each other. P 1, P 2, P 3 and P 4. These are attached in the center of gravity of each part of the system. Rotation will be calm, centrifugal forces will not act on her fuel and surface of its bearings.

FIG. 124. The effect of unbalanced parts for the operation of the machine.

It turns out completely different if the rotating masses will be unbalanced (Fig. 124, b). Then in the place where the highest mass is concentrated, another additional force will develop and violates the general balance of centrifugal forces. This force will adversely affect the operation of the system not only when starting and stopping the mechanisms, but also during its rotation with constant angular speed. Starting and stopping the mechanism will dramatically increase the strength of P5, as if producing a blow on the surface of the bearing, and during operation there will be a significant amount of additional pressure on that part of the bearing surface, which is located in the direction of the additional force of P 5. All this is inevitably accelerated by the mechanism.

The unbalanced designs of rotating devices will also have the same effect, especially with high-speed metal processing. To eliminate the harmful effect of unbalanced centrifugal forces, rotating fixtures are balancing together with the workpieces.

What is the principle of balancing?

The rotating adaptation, as a rule, is attached to the form, possibly close to the form of the body of rotation. If the unbalanced device is putting the cylinder to the horizontal plane forming the cylinder, and then output from the rest of the rest, turning it, it will stop after a while. Repeating it several times, you can make sure that the device always stops in the same position (Fig. 125, a). In this position, the center of its gravity lies below the axis of rotation and necessarily on the line connecting this axis from the lowest point of the device. In such a state, the adaptation is most stable on the horizontal plane.

FIG. 125. The position of the center of gravity of the cylindrical part lying on the horizontal plane.

The position shown in FIG. 125, B, can not be stable. Additional gravity p (the gravity of the element that violates the equilibrium design) will turn it and, therefore, to roll towards the arrow V. The effect of the force p to combustion parts can be defined as the product of this force on her shoulder L. The work of the force p on the shoulder of power l is called the moment of force.

Obviously, the moment of force p is valid until the shoulder l turns out to be zero. This will occur in the position shown in FIG. 125, as well as p l \u003d p-0 \u003d 0. Therefore, the moment of force, rotating the device, and the device will be in a stable position.

In one, the device behaves, in which the center of gravity lies on the axis of rotation. In any position, its moment of gravity is zero (Fig. 125, c) and it is always steadily on the plane.

Thus, if the cylindrical body, rushing along the horizontal plane, stops in different positions, OIO balanced. If the body stops in the same position, it should be considered unbalanced. The task of balancing the device and is to bring the body to a balanced state, i.e., such a state at which, rushing on the horizontal plane, it would stay in any positions.

Cubes Zaitseva is an interesting training toy for young children, which will not only help them explore the alphabet, but also teach them to read in the syllables.

For a child, the study of the bookpiece or alphabet - the occupation is quite boring, as it requires primarily the perpetuity, which many kids do not have, not to mention concentration. Zaitsev cubes help turn boring school into an interesting game. Thanks to the cubes, children will not only be with great interest to learn to a diploma, but also will remember it better. Thanks to this toy, you can easily educate the reading of children. Suitable Cubes Zaitsev for working with children from two years.

In the Cubes of Zaitsev, the instruction is included in the kit, and you can easily figure it out in it and you can train kids in a game form. Children will be able to read in the syllables and correctly pronounce words.

What is the basis of the principle of the Zaitsev technique?
The game is built on the principle of singing and reading by syllables. A child or adult folds certain words and sing warehouses that are written on the tables. When adults fold a couple, children look at it, and then show where what word is already written, or try to fold the word on their own. It is believed that if you teach the words of Naraspov, then they are not only remembered better, but the process itself is becoming more interesting for a small child. Thanks to this method, children themselves will not notice how to learn to read, as they will already visually recognize the syllables and will be able to make new words. The Zaitseva technique is built in such a way that children will independently be able to learn the phonetics of the Russian language and know its rules.

If earlier such cubes had to be alone on their own, now you can buy Cubes Zaitseva in the ready-made form. The toy will become interesting to the kids, because they will not only be able to draw up words, but also make various buildings from cubes. You will not regret, purchasing Cubes of Zaitsev for your child, the reviews about which can be found on our website: many parents are very satisfied with the results that this training technique gives. Thanks to this toy, you can easily teach children to read, and they themselves will ask to play with them.
Cubes Zaitseva buy easy in our store. For this you just have to choose the product you like and place an order. The procedure does not take much time, and the order you will receive mail at the address you specified. The kit includes:
Collected cubes that can immediately train the baby.
Training disk.
Table.
Adult technique.

In our store of children's goods, gramix can buy collected Cubes Zaitsev, and now, without losing time, you can start learning your child through an exciting game. You will see how quickly and easily your baby will learn to read!