Everyone is familiar with such an unexpected nuisance at times as diarrhea. Its occurrence can be associated with many reasons and for each case there are pills that help with diarrhea. In order to treat such an unpleasant phenomenon, it is necessary to try to figure out the reason, what the color of the discharge, for example, yellow, green, etc., can tell about. Was an unfamiliar dish eaten the day before? Experienced stress, overstrain at work? Or was it a reaction of the body to a certain event in life?

The following factors cause diarrhea:

Diarrhea pills are selected based on the cause of this delicate problem.

Diarrhea causes:

1. Emotional stress - if there is reason to suspect that watery stools appeared from stress or excessive emotional stress, then it is necessary not only to drink medicine for diarrhea, but also to take a sedative. Doctors recommended in this case to pay attention to anticholinergics - these are drugs that contribute to the regulation of intestinal tone, and also block the formation of acetylcholine, which activates peristalsis. This group of funds includes:
   • Metacin,
   • Atropine,
   • Ephedrine,
   • Parfen ".
2. If you have chronic diarrhea, which was caused by intense intestinal motility, then it is best to take "Diphenoxylate", "Loperamide", their analogues. They are designed to fix the chair, relieve discomfort. After that, it is recommended to contact a medical specialist to find the cause of chronic diarrhea, which can be triggered by an intestinal infection or other disease.
3. In case of food poisoning, Furazolidone and Sulgin can help. To neutralize the effect of negative substances, take adsorbents that remove poisonous gases, toxins, and other harmful elements. The most popular products from this group are Smecta, Polyphepan, Activated Carbon.
4. If the diarrhea is caused by drug therapy, such as overuse of antibiotics, then the medication should be stopped and the diarrhea will disappear. If diarrhea is caused by a violation of the intestinal microflora, then probiotics are usually prescribed, tablets for diarrhea.

What cure for diarrhea to choose - a review of funds

All diarrhea pills can be divided into three classes:

1. Enterosorbents - bind, remove waste products of microorganisms, as well as pathogenic microflora. Among the representatives of this group, the most common are Polysorb, Karbaktin, Smecta, Regidron, and Activated Carbon.
2. Probiotics - restore the natural intestinal microflora in case of dysbiosis, intestinal infections, after antibiotic therapy. This group includes "Khilak-Forte", "RioFlora", "Lactobacterin", "Bifidumbacterin", "Linex".
3. Drugs that have antimicrobial action slow down peristalsis. In addition, such funds reduce the number of urges to defecate, slow down peristalsis, and increase the time it takes for feces to pass through the intestines. This group includes drugs with such names as "Enteroben", "Nifuroxazid", "Imodium", "Diara", "Loperamide", "Furazolidone", "Enterobene", "Lopedium", "Phtalazol".

Levomycetin

Levomycetin is an antibiotic with a broad spectrum of action. Shows effectiveness against bacteria, gram-positive cocci, large viruses, etc.

• Ingredients: potato starch, calcium stearate, chloramphenicol, polyvinylpyrrolidone.
• Indications: therapy of infectious diseases caused by microorganisms that are sensitive to the action of the drug, treatment of diarrhea.
• Application: tablets are taken orally half an hour before meals. A single dose for adults is 250 to 500 mg, and a daily dose is 2000 mg.
• Price: from 40 rubles.

Imodium

"Imodium" - the drug is able to reduce intestinal motility and tone.

• Ingredients: Loperamide hydrochloride, magnesium stearate, corn starch, lactose, talc.
• Indications: treatment of diarrhea of \u200b\u200ba chronic, acute type of a different nature, including radiation, medicinal, social, allergic: in the case of a change in the composition of food, diet, malabsorption, metabolic phenomena; as an adjuvant for infectious diarrhea.
• Application: tablets are taken orally in the amount of two capsules for adults and one for children. The maximum dosage is 8 tablets for adults and one tablet per 7 kg body weight for children.
• Price: from 150 rubles.

Furazolidone

"Furazolidone" - belongs to the group of antibacterial agents.

• Composition: furazolidone.
• Indications: paratyphoid fever, urethritis, dysentery, giardiasis, foodborne toxicoinfections, Trichomonas colpitis.
• Application: tablets for dysentery, food toxicoinfections, diarrhea are taken after meals, 0.1-0.15 g four times a day for adults and 10 mg per kg of weight for children. The duration of treatment depends on the severity and nature of the condition.
• Price: from 45 rubles.

Enterofuril

"Enterofuril" refers to antidiarrheal drugs and intestinal antiseptics.

• Ingredients: nifuroxazide, magnesium stearate, corn starch, sucrose, cellulose.
• Indications: treatment of stool disorders, which are of various nature, including chronic and acute diarrhea caused by colitis, microorganisms, ulcers, etc.
• Application: tablets are taken at 400 mg four times a day for adults and three times a day for 200 mg for children.
• Price: from 215 rubles.

Tetracycline

• Ingredients: tetracycline.
• Indications: pleurisy, bronchitis, pneumonia, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, meningitis, sinusitis, typhus, cholecystitis, diarrhea and other infectious diseases provoked by microorganisms that are sensitive to this antibiotic.
• Application: 0.25 g for adults every six hours, 25 mg per kg of body weight for children over seven years old every six hours.
• Price: from 50 rubles.

Loperamide

“Loperamide” belongs to a group of antidiarrheal drugs.

• Ingredients: Loperamide hydrochloride.
• Indications: treatment of diarrhea of \u200b\u200ba chronic, acute type, which is caused by a change in the qualitative composition of food, diet, impaired absorption, metabolism, as well as drug, emotional, allergic, radiation diarrhea.
• Application: tablets are taken orally in the amount of 2 capsules, as well as one after each visit to the toilet.
• Price: from 20 rubles.

Tablets for diarrhea and abdominal pain

First of all, a diet that normalizes intestinal motility is used to treat diarrhea and abdominal pain. In this case, spicy, fatty, fried foods, sweets, pickles, smoked meats, coffee, alcohol and soda are prohibited. Better to limit yourself to rice, boiled eggs, soups, boiled vegetables, and baked potatoes. Depending on the course of diarrhea, different tablets may be prescribed.

The mild form of the disease is cured by "Regidron" and adsorbing drugs such as "Smekty", "Polyphepam", "Activated carbon". Remember that adsorbents are drunk an hour before a meal. Linex is suitable for relieving pain, which will restore the disturbed microflora. Bacterial diarrhea with an increase in body temperature is cured with nifuroxazide, but in front of diarrhea provoked by viral diseases, it is powerless. In case of dysbiosis, it is recommended to take Enterol, Hilak Forte, Bifiform.

What to drink for pregnant women with diarrhea

Treatment of diarrhea in the expectant mother is selected by the doctor, taking into account the factors that caused such an unpleasant condition. If the diarrhea is mild, then a special diet will cope with the diarrhea. In some cases, antibiotics, adsorbents and other drugs are prescribed:

• "Nifuroxazide" - is prescribed for the most severe manifestations of diarrhea during pregnancy. The drug normalizes motor skills and relieves unpleasant symptoms.
• "Loperamide" - stops diarrhea, but in an interesting position it should be used with caution and only according to instructions.
• Antibiotics are prescribed for diarrhea caused by an infectious disease.
• "Trisol", "Regidron", "Lactomol" restore the water-salt balance, prevent the development of dehydration.
• Valerian, motherwort tincture, mint, passionflower is drunk if the cause of diarrhea is nervous system disorders.
• In case of intoxication, adsorbents are prescribed, such as Enterodesa, Enterosgel.

Medicines for diarrhea and vomiting for children

If you are faced with diarrhea and nausea in a child, then first of all, you should provide him with plenty of drink, do not feed the baby with food that can provoke diarrhea, and then think about medications. Parents immediately resort to antibiotics, such as "Furazolidone" or "Levomycetin". However, this approach is incorrect, since it is effective in the case of diseases where harmful bacteria act as pathogens. And in children, in most cases, diarrhea is provoked by viruses, where antibiotics are powerless.

It is better to use preparations of the probiotic group such as "Enterola", "Hilaka" and "Linex". They effectively relieve diarrhea, restore microflora, resist infections that provoked an unpleasant phenomenon. Even an acute form of diarrhea caused by a viral or bacterial infection will be effectively and quickly cured. If the infant has diarrhea while breastfeeding, then solutions should be given to replace the loss of salt and water. Powdered medicines for infants are diluted in a spoon. In any case, you should contact your pediatrician before starting treatment.

The video below tells about intestinal infections in children, their symptoms and treatment rules. The processes occurring in the body during such diseases are clearly demonstrated. Recommendations are given regarding the effective treatment of diarrhea in a child.

So, we have analyzed the main causes of diarrhea, the methods of its treatment, the pills used. Remember, if diarrhea is acute and chronic, then it is imperative to go to the doctor and find out the cause of the diarrhea. After all, such a phenomenon can be caused by serious diseases of the internal organs. Be healthy!

Attention! The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can diagnose and give recommendations for treatment, based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

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The onset of diarrhea is considered a symptom of a gastrointestinal tract disease, and is a bowel movement in the form of liquid feces. It can be caused by an infection, some non-communicable diseases, and even a certain condition of the nervous system.

The disease occurs in both children and adults, regardless of gender, and can lead to dehydration, poor circulation, complications and deterioration of the patient's condition.

Pharmaceuticals are not a panacea for diarrhea; diarrhea treatment is accompanied by a range of interventions in which dehydration is key. The most commonly used drugs for upset stomach in adults are:

Sulfanilamide group

The drug is intended for the treatment of infectious diarrhea (colitis of infectious etiology, dysentery), but in case of indigestion or allergic diarrhea, the drug will not be effective.

Contraindicated in case of high sensitivity to the drug, acute hepatitis, goiter, blood clotting disorders, colitis and fungal enterocolitis, acute hepatitis.

Price 22-28 rubles.

Nitrofurans

Used for infectious diarrhea in adults.

Contraindicated for concomitant use with antidepressants, amphetamines, tetracycline antibiotics, aminoglycosides, ristomycin, chloramphenicol, ethyl alcohol and drugs that change urine pH.

Price (tablets) 65-130 rubles.

Antibiotics

Levomycetin

The remedy is used to fight most of the pathogens of intestinal infections that can cause diarrhea.

Contraindicated in case of drug intolerance, skin and respiratory diseases, suppression of hematopoiesis, during pregnancy and as a prophylactic agent.

Price 95-16 rubles.

The tablets are used for intestinal infections with microorganisms that are sensitive to this antibiotic.

Contraindicated in leukopenia, mycoses, liver failure, pregnancy, under the age of 8 years and in case of hypersensitivity to the drug.

Price 39-85 rubles.

Antimicrobial agents

Enterofuril

It is used to treat infectious diarrhea and does not have a systemic effect.

Contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity, and has certain age restrictions.

Price 320-435 rubles;

Antibacterial agent derived from sulfonamide. Effective in the treatment of intestinal infections, the mechanism of action is similar to Phthalazol.

Contraindicated in hypersensitivity, B12-deficient anemia, nephrourolithiasis, hyperbilirubinemia.

Price 45-92 rubles.

Enterosorbents

They have enveloping and absorbent properties, the treatment of diarrhea in adults must be started with them. Often these funds are sufficient to completely stop diarrhea:

Activated carbon

Its tablets are able to absorb toxins and pathogens, bind water and coat the intestines with a protective layer. Take 1 tablet per 10 kg of the patient's weight.

Contraindicated in bleeding and gastrointestinal ulcers, hypersensitivity.

Price 6-52 rubles.

We offer you to watch a video about activated carbon, its action and application

Antifungal agents

Tablets are used for intestinal amebiasis in adults.

Contraindicated in hypersensitivity and liver failure.

Price 345-680 rubles.

Treating diarrhea primarily involves dealing with the underlying cause of the disorder. Symptomatic treatment with antidiarrheal drugs is also carried out in parallel. Fixing agents for diarrhea are divided into the following subgroups:

Drugs that affect intestinal motility

They are able to inhibit the propulsive function of the intestine, which reduces the transit of its contents. These include:

It is effective in chronic diarrhea when the anal sphincter is weakened. The drug increases its tone and reduces intestinal bloating.

Contraindicated in constipation, acute ulcerative and pseudomembranous colitis, acute dysentery (as a mono-drug), with hypersensitivity and under the age of 4 years.

Price (tablets) 10-51 rubles.

Antisecretory drugs that inhibit the production of an enzyme that stimulates the production of prostaglandins

These include:

Refers to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. With diarrhea, it helps to restore the normal state of microflora.

The drug is contraindicated in acute erosive and ulcerative T, heart failure, "aspirin triad", severe kidney and liver dysfunction, hypersensitivity, pregnancy and children under 14 years of age.

Price (tablets) 45-60 rubles.

Tablets are used in case of allergic genesis of diarrhea.

Contraindicated in acute erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, hemophilia, dissecting aortic aneurysm, renal or hepatic failure, during pregnancy, hypersensitivity and children under 15 years of age.

Price 7-95 rubles.

Drugs that affect the excretion of bile acids in the feces

The following agents quickly bind bile acids during biliary diarrhea:

Binds bile acids in case of diarrhea, has an enveloping and adsorbing effect.

Contraindicated in case of fructose intolerance, impaired renal function, hypophosphatemia, Alzheimer's disease, hypersensitivity, and under the age of 10 years.

Price RUB 165-304

Absorbs and removes harmful toxins from the digestive tract.

Contraindicated in hypersensitivity and intestinal obstruction.

Price RUB 155-165

It adsorbs bile acids and intestinal bacteria, reduces the activity of pepsin in the stomach.

It has no contraindications, and can be used for a long time.

Price 105-160 rubles.

Stool thickening drugs

These include:

• Kaolin, or white clay. The tool has an adsorbing effect, removes toxins and improves the functioning of the digestive system;
• Activated carbon tablets.

Preparations with anticholinergic effect

Weaken gastric secretion and act on the motor-evacuation mechanism of the intestine. These include:

• Clonidine. Arterial hypotension, severe depression, cardiogenic shock, cerebral atherosclerosis, pregnancy are contraindicated. Price (tablets) 31-40 rubles;
• Ephedrine. The medicine is contraindicated for insomnia, ventricular fibrillation, tachycardia and arterial hypertension. The tablets are not available for sale.

Treatment features

Methods for treating diarrhea in adults and children consist of 3 stages:

1. Fight intoxication and dehydration. To do this, use saline solutions and a large volume of liquid.
2. Medicines are used against diarrhea.
3. A special diet is used, in which foods that are easily digestible and non-irritating to the intestines are present, and alcohol, fried, fatty and raw foods are excluded.

Depending on the type of diarrhea, antibacterial drugs are taken for treatment, remedies that relieve symptoms, and special diets are prescribed that perform the following tasks:

1. Diets are designed to reduce the amount of water and fluids released into the intestinal lumen, as well as inhibit the contraction of the intestinal walls. Products are selected on such a principle that they are easily absorbed in a weakened intestine. The main requirement for such diets is the reduction of chemical and mechanical irritation of the intestines. In the case of an acute form of diarrhea, those foods that cause increased secretion and motor-evacuation activity of the intestine are excluded from the diet.
2. Antibacterial drugs help restore the normal state of the intestinal microflora. If the disorder is caused by an infection, treatment is carried out with antibiotics: nitrofuran derivatives, quinolones, sulfonamides, and antiseptics. More preferable is the drug that has a minimum detrimental effect on the balance of microflora.
3. Symptomatic drugs neutralize organic acids, have an astringent and enveloping effect.

With diarrhea, the fluid lost by the body must be replenished to prevent dehydration of the body and impaired electrolyte metabolism. As a rule, in the acute form of the disease, this is carried out with ordinary drinking, but in 5-15 cases, the doctor decides on intravenous hydration.

Acute diarrhea is most common and resolves quickly with proper treatment. But with its transition to a chronic form, as well as with the stressful nature of the disease, treatment has its own characteristics:

Under stress

Intoxication is not the only cause of diarrhea; a similar condition can occur with high anxiety. Treating stress-related diarrhea is also urgent. In this case, it is carried out using drugs that affect intestinal motility - anticholinergics.

The best remedies for this are Ephedrine, Atropine, Plattifelin, Aprofen, Metacin. But they belong to those drugs that cannot be obtained at a pharmacy without a doctor's prescription. You can start treatment with the help of folk remedies by preparing a decoction from the rhizome of burnet and bird cherry, or blueberries, although this will only be a half-measure, but not a full-fledged treatment. The problem can only be solved with the help of a specialist.

Chronic diarrhea

Unlike acute, it lasts longer than 20 days. The treatment of this type of diarrhea is based on determining the cause that provoked it. The first step is to exclude the infectious component, and if the diagnosis is confirmed, antibiotic treatment is prescribed. At the second stage, inflammatory diseases are excluded, and after determining the predominant type of diarrhea, appropriate treatment is prescribed.

Emergency measures

Not a single person is immune from the occurrence of diarrhea, which can happen from eating spoiled foods, getting an infection in the digestive tract, dysbiosis, overeating, etc. If the disease does not stop for more than a day, you must definitely see a doctor, as its symptoms may indicate the presence of a more serious illness. But a person is able to provide first aid to himself:

1. The first step is to take any good remedy that improves the condition of the intestines, which is Smecta, Enterol or activated carbon.
2. Limit food intake for 10-12 hours.
3. Drink plenty of water in small portions to prevent fluid loss.
4. If possible, use juices and teas that replenish the loss of vitamins.
5. When treating, carefully approach the choice of food: do not eat spicy, salty, sweet and fried foods, but stay on a fruit and vegetable diet.
6. To exclude the development of diarrhea, be sure to adhere to hygiene standards: wash hands and food before preparing and eating food. All products are heat-treated if possible.

Traditional methods

For the treatment of diarrhea at home, folk methods have proven themselves well, recipes for which include decoctions and infusions of herbal ingredients, taking certain foods and teas. The most effective of them are the following:

1. Rice broth. Prepared by cooking 3 tbsp. l. rice in 0.5 liters of water until cooked. They drink throughout the day in small portions, eating 2 tsp at each intake. rice. It is the best remedy for stopping diarrhea quickly and safely.
2. Onion drops. Prepared from finely chopped onion and 25 g of 70% alcohol. It is taken three times a day for 3 days. The tool is suitable only for adults, and is especially effective for dysbiosis, as it restores the microflora in the intestines.
3. Walnut membranes. 1 tbsp. l. crushed raw materials are poured into 0.5 liters of water and boiled over low heat for 15 minutes. After straining, use once a day. in a quantity of 170
4. Herbal tea. The most effective herbs for diarrhea are linden blossom, sage and raspberries. All of them are suitable for making tea, which is drunk throughout the day at intervals of 1-1.5 hours.
5. St. John's wort decoction. Prepared from 1 tbsp. l. dry raw materials and 200 ml of boiling water. The medicine is taken before meals 4 times a day. 7 ml.

There are many remedies for diarrhea, but in a specific case of the disease, only a doctor can determine its cause and prescribe therapeutic measures. Self-medication in some cases does not relieve symptoms and is quite hazardous to health.

When diarrhea occurs, there are many remedies for its treatment, both pharmaceutical and traditional. But, regardless of the nature of its origin, the disease must be taken seriously. If on the first day it was not possible to cope with the disorder, and pain and fever were added to the symptoms, you should immediately seek medical help. This is especially true for adults and the elderly, as they become dehydrated much faster than at a young age.

Diarrhea is a person's condition in which frequent bowel movements are noted, while the stool is watery. This condition is dangerous because it can lead to dehydration. Diarrhea can be caused by infections of the digestive tract, unhealthy diet, stress conditions, and drug poisoning.

Also, the cause of the disease can be the presence of worms or intestinal dysbiosis. It is worth closely monitoring the frequency of the stool, paying attention to its smell (sour, putrid), color (gray, white), admixture of blood.

There are several types of stool disorders, for their definition there are specific characteristics that, in fact, distinguish this symptom from the norm.

The data given in the table require a little clarification, since the boundaries of the norm and pathology are individual for each person. All generally accepted physiological indicators are of an average nature, combining a fairly wide range of them. First of all, it is worth clarifying the indicator of the number of daily bowel movements. For some people, it ranges from once every 2-3 days to 3-4 times a day. In the same way, this applies to the consistency of feces, which can be from liquid-mushy to solid-shaped.

The most important thing in evaluating these characteristics of bowel movements is their duration. If they take place for a long time (long months and years), without causing any negative manifestations in a person, then you should not worry, since such features are individual. It's not diarrhea.

This is not the case with other stool characteristics such as odor and impurities. Their change always indicates diarrhea. Moreover, from time to time, by their appearance, you can clearly determine its origin. Therefore, it is so important to always pay attention to feces, because they speak about the state of digestion and the health of the body as a whole.

Imodium tablets

Imodium tablets are a drug with a pronounced antidiarrheal effect. After taking the drug inside, the therapeutic effect develops in 15-30 minutes and lasts until ...

Linex forte tablets

Linex forte tablets are a drug in the form of capsules that normalize the intestinal microflora and is used to treat intestinal dysbiosis of various ...

Alpha Normix tablets

Alpha Normix tablets contain the active ingredient in alpha form. It is an antibiotic belonging to the rifampicin group. The active substance has the ability to bind beta subunits ...

Stopdiar tablets

The active substance of Stopdiara nifuroxazide tablets belongs to the group of nitrofurans and, when taken orally, has an antibacterial effect on pathogenic and opportunistic ...

Ersefuril tablets

The therapeutic effect of Ersefuril tablets according to the instructions is to block the activity of the enzyme dehydrogenases - substances that ensure the implementation of reactions of fat, carbohydrate metabolism and ...

Bactisubtil tablets

Bactisubtil tablets belong to a group of combined pharmacological agents used to normalize microflora and intestinal functional activity - eubiotics ...

Enterofuril capsules

Capsules Enterofuril is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug that does not have a systemic effect and is used to treat infectious diarrhea. Enterofuril capsules contain ...

Phtalazol tablets

Phtalazol tablets are a drug with an antimicrobial effect and belong to the group of sulfa drugs. Phthalazol tablets are absorbed from ...

Furazolidone tablets

Furazolidone tablets are a synthetic derivative of 5-nitrofurforol. According to reviews, Furazolidone is most effective in the treatment of inflammatory diseases caused by gram-negative ...

Levomycetin tablets

Levomycetin tablets are a drug with antibacterial activity. They are used to treat various infectious pathologies caused by sensitive to this ...

Causes of diarrhea in adults

Diarrhea is the result of improper functioning of the intestinal tract: the digestive process is accelerated, and this leads to a thinning of bowel movements and frequent bowel movements.

As a rule, viral or bacterial infections or food poisoning are the cause of diarrhea. Diarrhea is usually caused by Escherichia coli and Salmonella bacteria, and can be found in food or water. Diarrhea caused by a bacterial infection is most often suffered by tourists traveling to exotic countries. It is not for nothing that this type of disease is sometimes called "tourist diarrhea."

Diarrhea can be caused by herpes simplex viruses or hepatitis, as well as taking antibiotics.

Ulcerative colitis can become another cause of diarrhea. It also causes severe diarrhea, but colitis is detected very late and, as a rule, with an internal examination of the intestines.

Given the close contact of the digestive system with the external environment and internal systems of the body, one can safely notice its persistent dependence on them. That is why she is so often sick. Most often, any irritation or failure in normal functioning is manifested by accelerated motor skills, mucus production, and ultimately diarrhea.

A complete list of causes of diarrhea are given below:

Viral infections

• Rotaviruses;
• Enteroviruses;
• Adenovirus;

Bacterial infections

• Salmonellosis;
• Dysyneria (shigellosis);
• Cholera;
• Food toxicoinfections;
• Escherichiosis;

Enzymatic deficiency

• Pancreatitis;
• Cholelithiasis with impaired outflow of bile;
• Fermentopathy;
• Congenital intolerance to certain foods;

Bowel disease

• Enteritis;
• Enterocolitis;
• Nonspecific ulcerative colitis;
• Crohn's disease;
• Whipple's disease;

Tumor growths

• Polyps;
• Adenocarcinomas;
• Diverticula complicated by inflammation;

Autoimmune diseases

• Intestinal damage with lupus erythematosus;
• Rheumatoid arthritis;
• Atopic dermatitis and allergic reactions;

Intoxication

• Nitrate poisoning;
• Heavy metals;
• Pesticide;
• Household chemicals;

Medicinal influences

• Antibiotics;
• Cytostatics;
• Overdose of laxatives;
• Anticholinesterase agents and prokinetics;

Gastrointestinal bleeding

• Open stomach and duodenal ulcer;
• Small intestinal bleeding;
• Colonic bleeding;

Diarrhea after taking antibiotics

This is due to the fact that it is due to iatrogenic (medical) influences, which are originally designed to help a person. They are very common and can cause serious illness and even death. First of all, this concerns the side effects of antibiotic therapy, which causes dysbiosis, and subsequently pseudomembranous colitis. The peculiarity of the latter complication is that it is very difficult to respond to any correction methods, accompanied by debilitating diarrhea.

No less important are infectious diarrhea of \u200b\u200bbacterial and viral origin. They are more common than others, but fortunately, they end well in most cases. This is due to the body's ability to ultimately defeat aggressive pathogens, since they are natural components of nature. The same cannot be said about diarrhea caused by toxic effects and other external influences. They, being unnatural, cannot be overcome only by protective immune mechanisms without outside influence.

As for the mechanisms of diarrhea, they can also be different. The inclusion of a specific one depends on the cause of the diarrhea. The most typical pathogenetic mechanisms and the corresponding causes are presented in the table.

Usually, with diarrhea, there is not only one mechanism for its implementation. Their combination with the predominance of one over the others is characteristic.

Types of diarrhea

Infectious diarrhea observed in dysentery, salmonellosis, foodborne infections, viral diseases (viral diarrhea), amebiasis, etc.

Alimentary diarrhea occur with improper nutrition, with allergies to any foods.

Dyspeptic diarrhea occur when the digestion of food masses is disturbed due to secretory insufficiency of the stomach, pancreas, liver, with a lack of excretion of any enzymes by the small intestine.

Toxic diarrhea accompanies uremia, mercury poisoning, arsenic.

Drug-induced diarrhea happens when the physiological flora of the intestine is suppressed, the development of dysbiosis.

Neurogenic diarrhea are the result of a violation of the nervous regulation of the motor activity of the intestine (for example, diarrhea, which occurs under the influence of excitement or fear).

Mild and short-term diarrhea practically does not affect the general condition of a person. Severe or chronic - depletes the body, leads to hypovitaminosis, significant changes in the organs.

Diarrhea symptoms

The clinical manifestations of diarrhea are usually characterized by a standard set of complaints and physical examination data. For some of its species, there are specific distinguishing features by which you can accurately determine the specific nature of the disease. But it also happens that even additional laboratory and instrumental data are not always informative. In order not to miss anything, you need to be very attentive to everything that happens to the body, accompanying diarrhea.

High fever with diarrhea

It is noted by many patients as an additional symptom. Its development is typical for many types of diarrhea. This primarily concerns its microbial (viral and bacterial) species. After all, any penetration of foreign protein structures into immune cells causes the production of antibodies, which is accompanied by the release of inflammatory mediators and a temperature reaction.

Given that the gut is one of the most powerful immune organs, it should come as no surprise. On the contrary, when a person has signs of an infectious bowel disease, but there is no fever, this indicates the presence of immunodeficiency. As for its specific values, they depend on the pathogenicity of the microbe and the reactivity of the organism and can range from 37.1 ° C and above 39 ° C.

Nausea and vomiting with diarrhea

Nausea is by far the most common symptom of diarrhea of \u200b\u200bany origin. There is a logical explanation for this. After all, a violation of the normal movement of food and feces through the intestines necessarily leads to their incorrect casting in the opposite direction.

In addition, intoxication, which occurs against the background of any intestinal catastrophe, necessarily leads to the absorption of these toxic products into the systemic circulation with their dispersal throughout all organs and tissues. The vomiting center of the brain is the first to react to them, which is clinically manifested in the form of nausea followed by vomiting. By the way, the last reflex act is one of the most physiological mechanisms of cleansing the body of toxins of any origin.

Abdominal pain

It is always a consequence of increased intestinal motility. As a rule, it is spastic, strong and intense. It is characterized by a paroxysmal course with periods of sharp intensification with a gradual subsiding and complete cessation. Usually after, or during a painful attack, there is an urge to defecate, which is manifested by severe diarrhea.

The onset of pain is typical for almost all types of diarrhea, but most often occurs with its microbial types and food poisoning. All other types of it are accompanied by discomfort and a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen.

Rotten eructation with diarrhea

It occurs as a primary symptom or gradually against the background of diarrhea. In the first case, when it precedes diarrhea, its appearance speaks of enzymatic insufficiency of the pancreas, stomach and biliary system.

As a result of the fact that the food entering the body is not digested, its rotting occurs. This eventually pours out into the formation of fetid gas, which comes from the stomach by belching. Naturally, undigested particles entering the intestines cause irritation and diarrhea. When a rotten eructation occurs against the background of diarrhea, this is a consequence of secondary digestive disorders caused by the underlying disease, and indicates its progression.

Diarrhea color in an adult

An experienced clinician can determine the origin of diarrhea by the color and typical characteristics of liquid stool. In this case, it is imperative to add up the remaining symptoms. This will provide an opportunity to understand and clarify some of the details of the origin of the true culprit of diarrhea.

Green diarrhea

Characteristic exclusively for bacterial and viral intestinal lesions. The appearance of greenery is associated with the direct accumulation of leukocytes in the feces, as well as the active reproduction of pyogenic coccal flora (staphylococci) against the background of weakened local immune mechanisms in the intestine.

Clinically, it looks like liquid feces of an irregular consistency with small greenish blotches or densely covered and mixed with viscous green mucus. Usually, such diarrhea is accompanied by a pronounced hyperthermic reaction, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, signs of severe intoxication and inflammatory changes in the parameters of the blood system.

Yellow diarrhea

It belongs to the most favorable types of it, since it is most often caused by increased peristalsis (contraction) of the intestine. As a result of the acceleration of the movement of feces, they do not have time to fully form into a normal shape and consistency. But at the same time, they are almost complete enzymatic processing and partial absorption of active components into the bloodstream. As a result - feces of normal color, but liquid consistency. The absence of additional symptoms is characteristic, with the exception of minor cuts and heaviness in the abdomen.

Black diarrhea (dark in color)

Refers to very formidable or, conversely, natural symptoms. First of all, it is worth dwelling on it as a threatening sign. The appearance of black as tar or tar of feces can speak of only one thing - bleeding from the stomach. The appearance of just such a color is due to the destruction of erythrocyte hemoglobin under the action of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. In this case, hydrochloric acid hematin is formed, which provides the characteristic color. In such situations, you cannot waste a minute and urgently seek medical help.

The second situation, as a result of which black feces may appear, is the consumption of foods based on animal blood (blood), large amounts of beets, blueberries, or some medicines (activated carbon, bismuth preparations - vikalin, de-nol). It is this fact that often becomes the reason people seek medical help. The differential diagnostic criterion for the origin of black diarrhea is the presence of an appropriate history of the use of the listed substances or a decrease in hemodynamic parameters (hypotension, tachycardia) in the case of gastrointestinal bleeding.

White diarrhea (light colored)

Along with black feces, it is one of the most specific, characterizing only one reason for the appearance. In this case, it is insufficient processing of food masses in the intestine with bile. This is possible when the common bile duct is compressed or blocked by a tumor or stone.

In typical cases, such diarrhea is necessarily accompanied by yellow skin and severe darkening of urine. Pain syndrome, temperature reaction and dehydration are not typical. It often has a non-intense character, occurring only a few times, after which the white color of the feces remains with their normal consistency.

Bloody diarrhea

The most formidable of all types of diarrhea, because it indicates ongoing active bleeding into the intestinal tract cavity. Usually characteristic of decaying tumors of the colon, severe intestinal infections, as a result of which there is a complete destruction of the mucous membrane of the intestinal wall.

Sometimes the appearance of bloody diarrhea can result from the toxic effects on the intestines of various chemical compounds and poisons. Bloody diarrhea may not be pure blood, but liquid dark cherry stools. In this case, it is safe to say that the source of bleeding is located in the right half of the large intestine.

Diarrhea with mucus

This characteristic alone cannot determine the true origin of diarrhea. After all, mucus can be completely different and released in different quantities. Its transparent appearance is a sign of a relatively favorable course, which can be caused by food poisoning and mild poisoning. When the mucus becomes greenish, brown or bloody, this always indicates a severe course of diarrhea or no effect from its treatment.

Diarrhea

There is only one answer to the question of watery stools in any scientific manual or regular women's health magazine. It's cholera, of course. The causative agent of the disease is so arranged that when it gets into the intestine, it includes all possible mechanisms of diarrhea, which is manifested by the indomitable release of water instead of feces. The most interesting thing is that the temperature rises very rarely. But the number of bowel movements is so great that patients are unable to count them. As a result, severe dehydration occurs, which requires immediate correction by massive infusion therapy.

Treatment of diarrhea in adults

Correctly and effectively treating diarrhea is only capable of those who can clearly determine its nature and mechanism of occurrence. The following table should help you a little to navigate these issues.

Diet for diarrhea in adults

The issue of nutrition for any disease of the digestive system should be given special attention. Moreover, with diarrhea. In general terms, it is worth saying that you cannot eat coarse, fried, fatty, smoked food. Everything should be light, well absorbed and not burden the already loaded intestines. He must simultaneously rest and provide the body with the substances most necessary for life. It is imperative that the water regime be adjusted with the use of a sufficient amount of liquid in any form.

The given power supply diagram is indicative. Nutrition for diarrhea depends on the intensity of the diarrhea, the form and stage of the disease that led to its occurrence. Naturally, in the first hours and even days after the onset of the problem, it is better to abstain from food altogether, with the exception of sweetened tea and various liquids. This approach will provide trophism to the affected intestinal cells and will not irritate them. Gradually, food volumes expand, introducing permitted products as the condition stabilizes.

As for the method of cooking, it should be exclusively boiled or stewed. It is best to cook hated soups, cereals, mashed potatoes, steamed cutlets and meatballs. Various jelly and jelly made from permitted fruits are well suited. With a decrease in the intensity of diarrhea, you can add half a soft-boiled egg to the diet, a little butter for filling soup or porridge. Gradually, the diet expands with the transition to a normal habitual diet.

Pills for diarrhea are in many stores, expensive and cheap, and their range is quite high. However, you should always remember that medications will not reduce the risk of recurrent diarrhea; by and large, pills only relieve symptoms and soothe the gastrointestinal tract. To get rid of diarrhea for a long time, you must also follow a diet and lead a correct lifestyle.

Diarrhea causes

You should know that diarrhea is not a disease, but rather a consequence of existing problems in the digestive tract. So first you need to determine the cause of the disorder. If it is not possible to go to the doctor right away, then you need to try to determine the cause of the diarrhea yourself.

Diarrhea can be acute or chronic. In the first case, it lasts up to 21 days, in the second case, loose stools can persist for a month.

When everything is normal in the body, up to 400 grams is released. feces in an adult. With diarrhea, the stool becomes thinner because the amount of water in the body increases rapidly for some reason. By the number of bowel movements, you can determine the cause of the disorder.

For example, if the amount of stool has increased sharply from the usual volume, then the reason may be the absorption of various substances by the intestinal walls. If the amount of feces has decreased or remained the same, then this may indicate a failure in intestinal motility.

In order for the drug to be effective and fast-acting, it is necessary to establish the cause of the diarrhea.

The most common causes of diarrhea in an adult are:

• poisoning with food, water, etc .;
• trouble digesting heavy food;
• allergies to certain foods;
• frequent stress, increased nervousness;
• a sharp change in climate, diet (travel disorder);
• taking certain medications.

If diarrhea is caused by any of these factors, then it can be dealt with in three days. For the disorder to end, it is enough to buy diarrhea pills at the nearest store, and not eat fatty and very exotic foods for a couple of days. In case of stress, you can also drink light sedatives and sign up for a psychotherapist.

However, sometimes the problem in the body can be more serious. For example, diarrhea is sometimes caused by an ingested bacteria or infection (salmonellosis, dysentery). In addition, gastritis, stomach ulcers can be the cause. In addition, diarrhea is caused by dysfunction of any organs, in particular, renal and liver failure.

Despite the fact that all these causes of diarrhea are quite creepy enough, they are not always found. But when diagnosing any of the problems, longer and more serious treatment will be required. Simple diarrhea pills are indispensable here.

Diarrhea symptoms

The main signs of diarrhea are known to everyone. Usually a person feels weak, thirsty, sometimes the temperature rises and nausea appears if the cause is poisoning. However, there are also more serious symptoms that require immediate medical attention.

For example, chapped lips, dry mucous membranes, as well as infrequent urination and dark urine may indicate more serious problems. In some cases, muscle cramps and pressure drops may appear.

You must always remember that when more serious symptoms appear, diarrhea pills will not help. In this case, it is best to see a doctor.

First aid for diarrhea

First of all, with diarrhea, you need to drink a lot so that there is no severe dehydration. This rule is important not only for young children, but also for adults. Lightly salted water and chamomile tea are especially good against dehydration.

If the disorder continues for a long time, and the person defecates in very large quantities, then you need to see if not. Blood clots in stool may indicate dysentery or ulcers. If blood is present, then an ambulance should be called immediately.

However, in most cases, a person can deal with the disorder on their own, or at least relieve symptoms. If diarrhea is due to indigestion, poisoning, etc., then first you need to drink inexpensive or.

In addition, it is not recommended to eat in the first 12 hours after the onset of diarrhea. But at this time you need to drink as much as possible. If a person wants juice or tea, then you can use both, because they not only replenish the loss of moisture, but also nourish the body with vitamins.

After 12 hours, you can start eating if the person wants to, just stick to the diet. If there is no hunger, then you can not eat.

If diarrhea is due to indigestion or poisoning, then diarrhea pills can be used to eliminate it. Just before purchasing, it is better to consult a doctor if you are not sure that the medicine will help.

Phthalazole

Phthalazol is very often used in the fight against diarrhea... This remedy works best against diarrhea caused by an introduced infection (salmonellosis, dysentery, etc.). This remedy is not very suitable for common diarrhea.

When taking the medicine, the effect is observed only after three days, because the active components of the tablets kill harmful bacteria in the intestines.

It is not recommended to take Ftalazol by patients with kidney and liver diseases. Pregnant women can be prescribed this drug, but only if the diarrhea is severe. In the first three months, it is absolutely impossible for pregnant women to use Phtalazol.

Sometimes Levomycetin is prescribed. It is the one that gradually kills the harmful bacteria in the intestines. If the diarrhea is fungal or viral, then these diarrhea pills will not help.

Cannot be taken without a doctor's prescription. during self-administration, active substances can not kill all microorganisms. If the patient is a child, then the personal recommendation of a specialist is all the more necessary. Do not take this drug during pregnancy and very young children.

There is also such a drug as Furazolidone. It is a drug of the nitrofuran group. Most often, this medicine is prescribed for infectious diarrhea, if the diarrhea is not bacterial or viral, then the drug cannot be taken.
Furazolidone can be taken by children if the cause of diarrhea is an infection in the intestines. Pregnant women can be prescribed this medication, but only as a last resort.

Enterofuril is an antimicrobial drug used for intestinal infections. One of its advantages is that it almost does not disturb the balance of intestinal microflora. This drug in capsules is prescribed for children and adults with acute diarrhea. The duration of the course of treatment with Enterofuril should not exceed seven days.

Another antibiotic is Tetracycline. It is used only for bacterial diarrhea. If the diarrhea is caused by fungi or viruses, then this antibiotic will be completely ineffective. Duration of administration and dosage should be determined by the doctor, because the drug causes dysbiosis. Preschool children, as well as pregnant women, are not advised to take tetracycline.

As you can see, there are a lot of medicines for diarrhea, you just need to choose the most suitable remedy. However, if in doubt, it is best to consult with your doctor about which diarrhea pills to take.

In addition to the usual medicines for diarrhea, there are drugs that only eliminate the symptoms of the disorder, but do not treat the cause itself. Similar medicines are suitable for those who have diarrhea caused by allergies, climate change, stress or indigestion, below is a small list.

One of the most well-known drugs for relieving the symptoms of diarrhea is Imodium.... A person notices the effect of taking these pills 60 minutes after taking them. ... This medicine does not help with infectious, bacterial and viral diarrhea.
Adults can take Imodium up to 8 mg / day; the drug is contraindicated for preschool children. It is not recommended to take the medicine for pregnant women and during lactation.

Another drug that relieves the symptoms of diarrhea is Loperamide Simethicone... The composition of this product includes Imodium and Simethicone, the latter removes gases from the intestines and reduces intestinal spasms.

This medicine is prescribed for adults, children can only be from 12 years old. The maximum dose per day is four tablets. Loperamide is taken until the loose stools stop.

Enterosorbent preparations differ in that they remove gases, toxins, viruses and bacteria from the intestines. The main principle of action of enterosorbents is that they bind all harmful substances together, and then remove them along with feces.

Very often Smecta is used to eliminate diarrhea. This medicine is made from natural ingredients and helps against intestinal infections. The duration of therapy should not exceed a week.

Sometimes doctors prescribe Kaopektat for diarrhea. This medicine is also made from natural ingredients, it is available in the form of tablets or suspension. This medication is contraindicated when, and if the patient is less than three years old.

Once the symptoms of the disorder have passed, many people relax and return to their normal lives. It must always be remembered that even if the diarrhea was caused by ordinary indigestion or poisoning, the body still needs to recover. If a person is poisoned, then after eliminating diarrhea, he needs to sit on a diet for some time. If the problem was in an intestinal infection, and the patient spent on drink a course of antibiotics, then after recovery you need to take, which restore the microflora in the intestine.

One of the most popular drugs after antibiotic treatment is Linex. It contains several beneficial bacteria that restore balance in the intestines. restores microflora in the large and small intestines.

You can also find the drug Bactisubtil in stores. It is recommended after severe disorders, where the cause was infection or harmful bacteria.

In addition to pills that restore the intestinal microflora, you also need to change your lifestyle for the better in order to reduce the risk of the disorder recurring.

Diet after diarrhea

Diet after diarrhea is equally important. If, immediately after the elimination of diarrhea, you start to eat in the same way as before, then this can provoke new violations. First you need to give up some products - you cannot eat cabbage, spices, raw vegetables, plums, dried apricots, etc.

A large number of foods that people are used to eating irritate the intestines and the digestive tract in general. If the diarrhea was severe, then you should forget about snacks, fast food, chips, alcohol and sweets for at least 14 days.

Foods that should form the basis of the diet after diarrhea:

• crackers from white or black bread;
• porridge (oatmeal, semolina);
• vegetable puree;
• lean fish or meat;
• jelly, teas, decoctions, compotes.

All these products have a very mild effect on the digestive tract and do not provoke re-inflammation.

If diarrhea is due to lactose intolerance, then the doctor himself prescribes a diet. Usually, in this case, milk sugar and gluten are excluded from the diet.

After diarrhea, you need to monitor the diet. It is recommended to eat in small portions every three hours.

To prevent diarrhea from returning, you still need to know what needs to be removed from the diet. This is equally important because all foods have a different effect on the body.

Products to be temporarily excluded:

• fatty meat (any, including fatty fish);
• fatty broth;
• semi-finished products;
• dairy products with high fat content;
• cabbage (not in any form);
• beets;
• horseradish;
• turnips;
• canned vegetables;
• fried eggs and hard boiled eggs;
• fruits, berries with a high acid content;
• pastries, fresh bread;
• mushrooms (not in any form);
• soda, kvass.

However, do not be upset and think that diet after diarrhea is very boring. Even after the disorder, if desired, you can diversify your diet. For example, it is allowed to cook steamed cutlets from meat, you can boil fish. If you really want to, you can add butter and a little milk to the porridge. It is also allowed to cook pureed soup in light meat or vegetable broth. Pasta is also not prohibited, but it should be exclusively boiled.

As for milk, you can eat fat-free cottage cheese, you can use fermented milk drinks (fermented baked milk). You can make omelets and boil soft-boiled eggs, they do not irritate the digestive tract and do not provoke diarrhea.

Vegetables include squash, pumpkin, potatoes, and green beans. All this can be boiled or baked in the oven.

It is also allowed to cook compotes from fruits and berries, make jellies and mousses. You can eat some fresh strawberries or strawberries if you wish.

Diarrhea accompanies infectious diseases, poisoning, chronic and acute pathologies of the excretory and digestive systems. A person's belly swells up, nausea and frequent urge to defecate appear.

What pills help adults with diarrhea?

Before buying pills for diarrhea, you need to understand why this ailment has appeared.

Diarrhea pills: list

Diarrhea can occur for a variety of reasons: stress, unfamiliar food, dirty water, infections, and so on. If diarrhea has arisen due to emotional stress, you need to drink not only a remedy for diarrhea, but also something sedative.

A list of diarrhea pills can be found on the Internet or a medical encyclopedia. But it is better not to prescribe medications on your own, but to go to the doctor and clarify what you need to take in this particular case. In one situation, you can take pills that quickly stop diarrhea, and in another, you should never do this. With diarrhea of \u200b\u200bany etiology, it is necessary to drink saline solutions that will maintain the electrolyte balance in the body.

Acting on intestinal peristalsis

Saline laxatives sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate increase osmotic pressure and are poorly absorbed in the intestine. Drugs acting on intestinal peristalsis increase the volume of intestinal contents. Magnesium sulfate should not be taken in people with kidney failure.

If you need to quickly stop diarrhea, then use "Imodium", which has an effect on intestinal peristalsis and helps to avoid embarrassment where emptying of the intestines is impossible.

Antifungal

To fight intestinal infections, antimicrobial drugs are used that regulate intestinal motility. The most popular antimicrobial drugs include: Phthalazol, Loperamide, Enterofuril, Enterol, Intetrix and Tannacomp.

Loperamide reduces intestinal motility and helps to quickly stop diarrhea. The drug should not be used by people with infectious diseases, ulcers and during pregnancy.

If we talk about preparations of natural origin, then with diarrhea, burnet root, blueberry fruits, pomegranate peel, oak bark and bird cherry fruits help well.