For laying and plastering furnaces and fireplaces, conventional mixtures cannot be used, since the exposure to high temperatures will lead to cracks, unreliability and not durability of the design.

For selection and preparation heat-resistant mix We offer to start to figure out, What kind of varieties exist.

Types of mixes for furnaces

And plaster can be industrial production, which is purchased in specialized stores, and made with their own hands.

Industrial mixes

Such a mixture for a furnace and a fireplace is high temperature compositionwhich connects with water to the formation of a homogeneous mass. The volume of water is usually indicated in the instructions. In addition to conventional ingredients - cement and sand - components are added to the composition, raising heat resistance.

The advantages of using industrial mixtures for masonry and plasters oven and fireplace are:

• Tested by experimentally and time composition. Manufacturers experimentally detect the most persistent proportions and make up best recipes.
• Inaccessible components. Specific substances added to the mixture are sometimes difficult to find in stores, and their acquisition in small quantities is too expensive.
• Multifunctionality. In many cases, the compositions can also be used for laying furnaces and for cladding.
• Attractive view. Not practical criterion but also important.

Hecknami recommended high-quality refractory mixtures of the following domestic producers: "Plovetonite", "Terracot", " Hob house Makarovy "," Lacke "," ScanEx "," SPO ".

The main disadvantage of industrial compositions is their value. For this reason, make a solution with your own hands is rational and more economical.

Mixtures of independent preparation

Depending on the operating conditions of the furnace or fireplace, as well as on the appointment, mixtures are there:

• clay
• cement
• and lime.

The composition of homemade refractory mixtures for masonry furnace is mandatory clay and sand. To increase plasticity, lime milk is added, the asbestos is used as a reinforcing substance. Depending on the needs of the owner, the furnace is added and other components.

The minuses of such solutions are:

• Insufficient strength. As it is known, clay is distinguished by a low level of resistance to mechanical effects; For this reason, the solution on its basis is suitable only for masonry, but not for finishing works, in particular, plaster. In addition, the composition of the clay itself is also different that in the end it may affect the result.
• Unattractive appearance. For furnaces and fireplaces located in residential premises, where the aesthetic aspect of the result is important, it is better to use a purchased mixture for the execution of plaster. For utility rooms, where the appearance of the furnace does not play a key role, you can use clay-based solution.

Some aspects of using ready-made mixtures

After purchasing a mixture for an oven, it is necessary to carefully familiarize yourself with the instructions and recommendations of the manufacturer. The main generally accepted rules are the following: the masonry process and should occur at ambient temperature. not lower than + 5 degreesAnd the composition should be stored in a warm dry place. Before the acquisition, it is necessary to inspect the package: it should not be damaged, otherwise there is a violation of the chemical characteristics of the composition.

For the preparation of the solution with the most frequent proportion of the amount of water and the mixture is 1 kg of composition at 0.27 l conventional tap water. Before direct masonry to ensure greater strength bricks, it is necessary to moisten with water.

Preparation of a solution with their own forces

For the cooking for the furnace, with their own hands, the raw clay is used as the main component, which has the necessary properties in order for the design seams to be shrinkled. So that the clay does not crumble cement is added in proportion 2 parts of clay, 0.3 parts of cement and one part of the sand.

In addition, clay fatty should be checked. For this, it is mixed and intensively kneaded in hand. From the resulting mass is formed a ball with a diameter of ~ 5 cm, which is placed between two surfaces, for example, as well. Boards gradually compress, flattening ball. Perfect mixture cracks when compressed by 1/3. If cracks appear earlier, it speaks of missing fat, otherwise - About her legality. Low-fat clay should not be used to prepare a solution; When using excessively oily clay, change the proportions by adding more sand.

Sand for the solution is desirable to use mountain, which, due to a rough texture, contributes to improved clutch with brick. While sea or river sand has a smooth surface. Before adding to the sand solution, it is necessary to sift through sieve cells 1.5 x 1.5 mm. After that it is desirable to rinse with water.

The resulting mixture can be used only in cases where the heat heating temperature does not exceed 90 degrees Celsius. That is, it is impossible to call this solution completely heat-resistant. To increase fireproof The compound is added to the solution - powder consisting of refractory clay. Solutions prepared for plaster differ in that they are added silicon glue that increases their heat resistance. You can purchase glue in a construction store, where it will be the name of it as "liquid glass". Total share of glue in solution must be 20%.

To solve whether to buy a mixture or cook it with your own hands, it is necessary to answer two questions: is there experience own cooking Mix? How important is the moment of savings money for the manufacture of oven masonry?

The refractory masonry mixture is a semi-finished product, which consists of a lining solution or components of the monolithic lining, which are special powders fillers and binders. All this is mixed in advance to homogeneous composition and stored in a dry state. This mixture is used to masonry chamotte (refractory) bricks during the repair and construction of fireplaces and household furnaces. Also, this mixture is often used to repair chimneys and cutting boilers and other thermal units.

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The refractory masonry mixture is a semi-finished product, which consists of a lining solution or components of the monolithic lining, which are special powders fillers and binders. All this is mixed in advance to homogeneous composition and stored in a dry state. This mixture is used to masonry chamotte (refractory) bricks during the repair and construction of fireplaces and household furnaces. Also, this mixture is often used to repair chimneys and cutting boilers and other thermal units.

Technologies

Winter masonry + video
With a decrease in air temperature, the hardening of the cement mortar is reduced, and at zero temperature - almost stops

Plasticizers of masonry solution
In the domestic building materials market big choice Foreign superplasticizers on melamine resins, carboxylate-based hyperplasticizers

Masonry mixture. Choose and use correctly
The quality, durability, aesthetics and reliability of all construction depends on the quality of the masonry mixture

How to prepare a mortar from cement for masonry
The main binder in the masonry solution is cement. That is why builders, preparing a solution for masonry, most often mean a solution of cement

Dry solid mixture. Apply correct
Depending on its functional purpose, the solutions obtained from the mixture are masonry, plastering or facing

Materials for the construction of furnaces should be resistant to high temperatures, therefore special compositions are prepared for masonry and plaster. Usually, clay is used for them, but such solutions are not suitable for masonry of the foundation and chimney, because Over time, there are cracks that threatens the strength of the entire design as a whole. What mixes for laying and plastering furnaces exist? Can I buy them in finished video Or better do it yourself?

Types of stoveless mixes

For the preparation of masonry solutions, ready-made mixtures of industrial production and recipes prepared are used. The first can be purchased in specialized stores. The second - do it yourself. Both types of mixtures have both advantages and disadvantages.

Ready refractory mixes for masonry furnaces

Finished mixtures include dry high-temperature compositions that are designed for construction and facing of furnaces. They are stirred with water until a homogeneous mass. The proportions are indicated in the instructions for use. The main ingredients are cement and sand. In addition to these materials, manufacturers add components that increase resistance to temperature effects. Advantages of use:

• Verified composition. Building materials manufacturers have long chosen the best recipes and ratios of components. The finished compositions are reliable.
• Specific components. Modifiers, which are added to the finished masonry mixtures, it is difficult to purchase themselves, and their cost, if not buying a large wholesale, turns out to be high.
• Universality. Some formulations are suitable for masonry and finishing work.
• Acceptable appearance. This is not the most important criterion for choosing masonry materials, but still it matters.

Disadvantage - price. To build a furnace with a mosquito solution based on dry ready mixes, I'll have to lay out a considerable amount. Despite the small amount of work, the total cost of materials will be high.

Ready masonry mix for furnaces

Homemade mixes for masonry furnaces and fireplaces

Depending on the purpose of mixtures, the needs of the furnace owner and specific operating conditions, compositions can be:

• clay;
• cement;
• lime.

The main components of homemade solutions - clay and sand. They may also include other additives. In order to increase the plasticity, use lime milk, and asbestos as the reinforcing component. Other options are possible: it all depends on the personal preferences of the cookie.

The main advantage of such compositions is low cost. If you can bring the main buildings from a career, then the homemade mixture will be free. Disadvantages there are also:

• Low strength. Clay does not differ in particularly resistant to mechanical damage, therefore solutions based on it - not the most the best way For finishing works, but quite acceptable for masonry.
• Dispense appearance. For plastering the furnace, it is better to choose a finished mixture or cement mortarbecause clay does not really look aesthetic. If we are talking about building a furnace indoors, where aesthetics does not matter much, it is a great option.

So looks properly cooked cleanium

Storage and use of ready-made mixtures

When buying materials, be sure to read the manufacturer's recommendations. Exist general rules Storage and use of dry compounds. So, apply fireproof mix It is recommended at a temperature not lower than +5 degrees. Store - only in dry and warm rooms. Formulations should be in intact factory packaging. To mix them with other chemicals is prohibited, this may lead to a change in physico-mechanical characteristics.

To prepare a solution, the mixture is diluted with water. Typically recommend such proportions: 1 kg of dry mixture by 0.27 liters of clean water without extraneous impurities. Before starting work, bricks should be prepared - to sort, clean from pollution and moisten with water. Clean and wipe the brick to improve the clutch of materials, which in the future has a positive effect on the strength of the masonry.

Ready for use of refractory composition. Before starting work, it only needs to mix

Preparation of masonry and plaster mixes with their own hands

For the preparation of a masonry solution, raw material clay use, then in the future the seams will not be given shrinkage, the design is not deformed. In order to use the clay from the furnace during operation, cement is added to the solution. Approximate proportions: 2 parts of clay, 1 part of sand and 0.3 parts of cement. The share of cement must be no more than 10% of the total mixture.

The resulting solution cannot be fully considered refractory, because Fuel raw materials in it is still present. Usually, this composition is used if the maximum heating temperature of the masonry will be not higher than 80-90 degrees. So that the design has withstand higher temperatures, it is better to use finished compounds Based on the protrusion or add it to the homemade solution.

Plastering mixtures are prepared almost the same as masonry. The main difference lies in the addition of silicon glue, which gives the composition of heat resistance. This additive is sold in construction stores. It is usually called liquid glass. In order for the plastering mixture to be used to finish the internal surfaces of the furnace, liquid glass in the total volume of the solution should be 20%.

Check the quality of the self-made masonry solution

Buying a ready-made mixture or make them yourself, every firing decides itself. If you do not have experience in the preparation of solutions, it is better to choose the proven industrial production compositions. Experienced cooks recommend paying attention to fireproof masonry and plastering mixtures "SPO" (Borovichi), "Makarov's Chimney" (Kostroma), "Yaroslavskaya", "Hermes", MSh-28 follower. All of them are Russian production. The quality is confirmed by the practical experience of specialists.

Video: Preparation of a mortar for masonry

Currently, in the construction materials market, you can see a large number of diverse ready-made dry mixes for masonry furnaces and fireplaces, domestic and foreign production. This allows the buyer to acquire ready-made dry solutions necessary for the manufacture of a certain design. These are unique products for people who value heat and their time.

General rules for using finished mixtures for masonry furnaces and fireplaces

The main advantage of mixtures made in dry form is that it is very easy to prepare such a masonry solution and simply. Just add water and mix well. The dry masonry mixture for furnaces and fireplaces consists of the necessary plasticizers, and it is ready for use immediately after cooking.

When using a dry mortar for masonry, general rules should be followed:

Dry mixes for masonry furnace are:

• Simple.
• Improved.

Simple and improved mixtures

Simple consistencies consist of clay and sand, without any additives. This is a very simple and economical option, it is used for masonry furnaces and fireplaces in rooms, where the seams are protected from strong temperature differences. Such a dry solution is diluted with water, and if you wish, you can add, for example, cement.

Improved mixtures in their composition contain special additives, such as plasticizers or lingosulfates. Due to them, the solution becomes more durable, refractory, elastic, and perfectly withstands sharp temperature differences. It is used not only for masonry fireplaces and furnaces, but also for street establishments. Improved mixtures with additives are very simple in preparation, they increase the stove resistance to sharp temperature differences and humidity.

The high water-holding ability of such a mixture allows you to not pump bricks. This not only saves the time, but also reduces the drying time of the furnace. Due to the increased plasticity, thin seams are obtained, which significantly reduces the consumption of the material, and the furnace acquires a pleasant appearance. Masonch seam thickness must be 2-4 mm.

Heat resistant masonry mixes

They are the most sought-after stove solutions. Such a dry mixture is construction materialintended for the processes carried out at high temperatures. It may be masonry furnaces or fireplaces, other structures that are systematically exposed to strong heating. In addition, it is used for the masonry and repair of areas of structures subject to high temperatures. It can be an oven for baking bread, drying furnaces, grain drying chambers and so on.

Heat resistant masonry mixtures have a specific composition: clay and chammed filler. At high temperatures, they not only are not destroyed, but, on the contrary, become stronger. The heat resistance reaches 1300 degrees.

A dry mixture is taken for the preparation of the solution and falls out in warm water. The ratio should be so - 1 kilogram of a dry solution by 0.15 liters of water. Stir until a thick homogeneous mass without lumps is formed. Stir the mixer, perforator or an electric door with a special nozzle. The resulting solution should be withstanding 1 hour, after which they are mixed again.

The heat-resistant masonry mixture has the following characteristics:

• The solution should be used within an hour.
• Used at a temperature of +5 to +35 degrees.
• Fully dries over 50 hours.
• Apply the solution follows a layer of 10-12 mm.
• Heat resistance reaches +1300 degrees.

The positive properties of the dry solution are: ecology, high plasticity, heat resistance. Easily applied and align.

Conclusion

Using for masonry furnaces or fireplaces ready dry mixes, you can not only save strength and time to significantly, but also promote quality masonry designWhich due to this can serve not one dozen years.

Stucco for furnaces and fireplaces "Pechsk", 20 kg

Purpose

A mixture of a dry plaster is designed to prepare a building solution used to shock the surfaces of household furnaces and fireplaces.

Structure

Clay refractory, fractionated sand, cement binder, mineral fillers, gypsum modifying polymer additives.

Preparation of the foundation

Attention! Product properties are guaranteed only with strict compliance with recommendations for work preparation.

Watching is performed only after complete drying and shrinkage of the furnace. For better clutch with the plaster, the surface of the furnace is purified from dust and residues of a masonry solution, as well as clearing the laying seams to a depth of about 3-5 mm. The solution will be tightly held if it is applied to the metal mesh with cells up to 10x10 mm, which is securely fixed on the surface of the furnace using the wires dual ends laid during the masonry process in the seams. Wire ends are available at a distance of 100-120 mm from each other in a checkerboard order.

Preparation of solution

A dry mixture for applying the first primer layer must be mixed in the ratio of one kilogram of a dry mixture - 0.28 liters of water, for the preparation of the main plaster layer per kilogram of a dry mixture - 0.24 liters of water.

To prepare a solution, use only clean water that does not contain suspended particles and dissolved salts. It is possible to use a sprawled rainwater.

Attention! The finished solution must be used within 30 minutes, a longer period leads to a decrease in the strength of the finished product. Use the thickened solution, re-diluting it with water, is not allowed.

Operating procedure

The stucco solution is applied in several techniques on the hot surface of the furnace moistened with water. The first layer of solution is liquid, is used as primer to prepare the surface to apply the subsequent layers. The thickness of the layer is minimal. Second layer leveling. To obtain a more smooth and durable surface (when fixing uneven seams of masonry), the third layer of plaster is applied. The thickness of each layer is not more than 3-4 mm. After applying the last layer, the surface of the furnace or the fireplace is equalized and rubbed.

Consumption

The amount of the finished solution obtained from one kilogram of a dry plaster mixture is sufficient for plastering 1.4-1.5 m.kv., with a thickness of the working layer of 1 mm. The final consumption of the finished solution directly depends on the quality of the preparation and condition of the working surface of the furnace.

When repairing the old furnace, it is necessary to completely remove the old plaster or clay from the furnace surface, as well as eliminate the soot and / or the reasons for its appearance, since traces of soot can continue to perform rusty stains through the plaster. A cracked brick, without disassembled the furnace, can be repaired by the repair mixture, "the sticker", simply by filling with the cracker with mastic. If it is impossible to replace the brick, using a mixture for masonry and repairing furnaces and fireplaces "Burnish". Give the furnace to dry through 3-7 days, then you can start shuttering.

T. explicit characteristics

Refractory, with no less	600,0
Layer thickness, max, mm	10,0
Dry mixture consumption with a layer thickness of 1 mm, kg / m.kv.	1,4-1,5
Water consumption for cooking:
Application 1 layer, l / kg	0,28
Application 2-3 layers, l / kg	0,24
Application temperature, with	from +10 to +40
Magaze Brand, PC	PK2.
Dry mixture humidity,%	0,1
	99,0
Bulk density, kg / m.kv.	1280,0

Storage term

Mixed Masonry "Lake"

Purpose

Dry mixture The cement-clay masonry is designed to prepare a building solution used for the masonry and repair of household furnaces and fireplaces.

Structure

Clay refractory, cement binder, mineral fillers, modifying polymeric additives.

Preparation for work

For thin and durable seam, all red ceramic brick Before use, it is necessary to withstand in water until air bubbles be released from it, and refractory brick You should simply moisten with water. Dry brick when contacting with a solution quickly takes moisture from it, while the astringent solution is reduced and the masonry is performed fraud.

Laying stoves made of slotted and silicate bricks.

It is possible to use the old who used bricks. At the same time, the brick should be thoroughly cleaned from the old solution, should not have a limescale and sage traces.

Preparation of solution

The dry mixture must be mixed in a ratio of one kilogram of a dry mixture - 0.34 liters of water. Constantly stirring to bring to the working thickness - the solution does not flow from the shovel, but is so moving that it squeezes out of the seam of masonry without voltage. For the preparation of the solution, only clean water, without a plow smell, not containing suspended particles and dissolved salts. It is possible to use a sprawled rainwater.

Attention! The finished solution must be used for 1 hour, a longer period leads to a decrease in the strength of the seam.

Consumption

The amount of the finished solution obtained from the package of 18.0 kg of a dry mixture for masonry furnaces and fireplaces is consumed by 40-50 pieces single brick, 40.0 kg packaging is 80-90 pieces of single brick. Consumption directly depends on the thickness of the seam.

Mode of application

The masonry of furnaces and fireplaces lead in rows, according to their order schemes, with the help of a trowel and bunch. The storage seams of furnaces are filled with a solution for the entire depth, excluding smoke entering the room during further operation. The residues of the solution on the side of the fuel and chimney are immediately removed, and the surface to lure the urinary brush or wet rag. The surface of the fifumes, channels and chimneys from the inside should be as smooth as possible.

Attention! This solution is suitable for masonry chimneys Outdoor.

Commissioning of the finished oven

After the construction of the furnace in the seams of masonry and brick remains a significant amount of moisture. Therefore, within 24 hours, after the complete end of the masonry work, the ignition and operation of the finished furnace is strictly prohibited. Then, within 3-7 subsequent days, depending on the size of your oven, it is necessary to burn a small amount of fuel to a small amount of fuel (wood chips, dry branches) in the furnace furnace for 1-1.5 hours. As the ovens drying the amount of fuel must be increased. In this case, all the doors (fuel, infancy, cleaner) and valves must be open. This is necessary to remove water vapor from masonry.

Attention! Increased humidity I. low temperatures May increase the drying time of the furnace.

To give your furnace aesthetic external view, improve operational, sanitary and fireproof characteristics, recommend using the stucco "Lacker" for plastering and heat-resistant glue "Burning" for facing the surface of your oven ceramic tiles or natural stone.

Specifications

Refractory, with no less	1350,0
Water consumption for cooking, l / kg	0,34
Application temperature, with	from +10 to +40
Stretch time, hour	20-24
Compressive strength (brand), kg / cm kV
Magaze Brand, PC	PK3.
Dry mixture humidity,%	0,1
Water-holding ability,%	97,3
Bulk density, kg / m.kv.	1045,0

Storage term

It is necessary to store the dry mixture in a dry place at a relative humidity of 60%, at temperatures from -50 to +50 C. Shelf life in the manufacturer's container 6 months from the date of manufacture.

Repair mix for household furnaces and fireplaces "Lake", 3 kg

Purpose

The dry mixture is intended for the preparation of a mortar used to repair household furnaces and fireplaces.

ATTENTION! Suitable for repairing furnaces from ceramic and refractory bricks.

Structure

Fireproof fillers, fractionated sand, cement binder, mineral fillers, modifying polymer additives.

Preparation of the foundation

ATTENTION! Product properties are guaranteed only with strict compliance with recommendations for work preparation.

Before the start of repair work, the surface of the furnace is purified from dust, soot, residues of a masonry solution or clay. If necessary, the places of repair are wiping with a wet rag.

Preparation of solution

To obtain the finished solution, 1 kg is needed dry mixture to dilute in 0.21-0.22 l of pure tap water. Mixing to lead is better by the mechanized method (drill with a nozzle) or manually, falling asleep dry mixture evenly to the water to obtain a homogeneous pasty mass. The solution to withstand 10-15 minutes, stirring slightly. After that, mix the second and the material is ready for use. To prepare a solution, use only clean water that does not contain suspended particles and dissolved salts.

ATTENTION! The finished solution must be used within 30 minutes, a longer period leads to a decrease in the strength of the finished product. Use the thickened solution, re-diluting it with water, is not allowed.

Operating procedure

ATTENTION! For fire safety purposes, it is forbidden to carry out repair work during the protest of the furnaces.

Repair work should be carried out suitable by the width of the spatula. Large potholes on brick, seams and cracks are filled with finished mortar for the entire depth. At the end of the repair work, the surplus of the solution must be deleted. With the full destruction of a separate brick in the furnace masonry, it should be replaced using this repair mix. When replacing a large amount of bricks, use masonry mix "Door". Through one day after the end of the repair work, the surface of the furnace can be plastering with plaster for furnaces and fireplaces "Lake" or bonded with tiles (stone, tiles), with the help of the heating of the heat-resistant "Lake".