From this article you will find out when which mushrooms grow in our latitudes, as well as when (on what day) it is better to collect them.

Stirlitz went to the forest for mushrooms.
I looked in the glades. Have not found.
I looked under the trees. Have not found.
"Not a season," thought Stirlitz
and threw the basket into the snow.

Summer and autumn mushrooms

You can pick mushrooms not only in autumn. Many good edible mushrooms such as boletus, boletus, boletus begin to appear in our forests in late May-early June and sometimes grow all summer. It all depends on the weather.

Edible mushrooms love long-lasting wet cold weather, which in late May and summer does not happen very often. Therefore, spring and summer mushrooms are not found as often as we would like, and the time for mushroom picking comes only in autumn.

But not every autumn is suitable for mushrooms, but only one during which enough precipitation and no frost... If the whole September has passed without rains, don't expect mushrooms.

There are mushroom years and not. Usually for 3 mushroom years there is one non-mushroom, with dry autumn, but it is difficult to identify the exact pattern - it all depends on a combination of weather factors.

What mushrooms grow when

It is good to pick mushrooms from late August to late October, before the first frost. Such mushrooms as boletus, boletus, boletus (redheads) usually grow until the end of September - in October, especially if the temperature drops below 10-12 C, they are rarely found anywhere. But the beginning of October is the time for Polish and porcini mushrooms. Honey mushrooms also appear in October, which grow in our forests before frost, and some even after. However, it is impossible to use mushrooms frozen after frost - a poisonous substance is released in them after frost.

When what kind of edible mushrooms can be picked. Mushroom picker calendar and plate for collecting the most common mushrooms

Table of seasonality of mushrooms in Ukraine (own observations):

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Mushroom picker calendar:

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The best time to pick mushrooms

Many people now like to pick mushrooms, and thanks to the Internet and the media, people learn about mushroom places near their city - and on weekends a whole line of cars line up on the highways near the forest. Therefore, it is best to go mushrooming from Wednesday to Friday or at dawn on Saturday. On Sunday even at 5 am near the city you will find only slices or the smallest mushrooms that were not noticed by the mushroom pickers who passed here on Saturday. Therefore, if you want to enjoy a real mushroom "hunt" and not pick up leftovers, take a day off in the middle of the week and go for mushrooms.

The growth of mushrooms does not depend on the lunar calendar (in any case, I have not noticed such a dependence and have never heard of it), only on the weather.

The picking of mushrooms also does not depend on the time of day, the tradition of going for mushrooms early arose from the fact that everyone wanted to pick them first. Personally, as a convinced owl, I don't bother getting up early, you can gain a couple of kilograms of mushrooms in the afternoon, especially on a weekday.

Mushroom places

For a successful mushroom picking, you need to know the mushroom places, because in the same forest there can be many mushrooms for several kilometers, and after 500 meters it was cut off. This is due to many factors, including the spread of the mycelium. Therefore, if in a mushroom year you went to the forest for mushrooms, but did not find a single edible one, change your location. If you find only slices, old moldy or eaten mushrooms, it means that they grow here, but perhaps they have already been collected before you. In this case, mark this place on the map and arrive there on another day, preferably on a weekday.

Read the article "Where to go for mushrooms in Kiev - mushroom places near Kiev"

So, summing up the above, we get the following output: best time to pick mushrooms - this is autumn, in the middle of the week, a couple of days after rain, on relatively warm, but not hot days. Fog and warm nights are also a good sign of mushroom time. Sunday is the worst day for mushroom picking in places that others have already visited on Saturday.

travellife.com.ua

We go to the right places for mushrooms

The porcini mushroom is found in almost all latitudes of the globe. It grows in European, American, Chinese, Siberian, Turkish and Mongolian forests. The Australians were the only one who was not lucky: not a single boletus was found in Australia.

White grows next to birches, beeches, spruces. Especially many of them are found in oak forests, from which they got their middle name. They like the neighborhood of juniper, mushrooms take a lot of nutrients from it and grow especially large.

But boletus mushrooms avoid aspen groves and alder thickets, there is very little food left for them.

Council. If you find one porcini mushroom in a birch grove or oak forest, do not rush to unbend your back. Boletus grow in families, look - you will definitely come across more.

White mushroom, like any other representative of this genus, loves warm, humid places, so it grows in lowlands, where the humidity is maximum. It should also be noted that whites do not grow in young forests. They will never be found in recent plantings.

Boletus collection time

There is no specific harvest date for porcini mushrooms. The first of them appear in mid-June. The season ends with real night frosts, which means it can continue until the end of October. In case of an early increase in air temperature, boletus can be found in May.

Porcini mushrooms have a phenomenal growth rate. A young mushroom, weighing up to 5 g, becomes a 250-gram hero in 4-5 days. There were cases when mushroom pickers boasted of specimens weighing more than 500 g and reaching 1 kg. We can assume that these stories are akin to fishing tales, but in 1961 a record mushroom weighing about 11 kg was found, the diameter of its cap was almost 60 cm.

How to tell a real white mushroom from a false one

The type of boletus directly depends on the place of growth. The elements contained in the soil have an effect on color and shape.

1. Oak porcini mushroom - has a light coffee cap, up to 30 cm in diameter. Pleasant velvety to the touch. The tubular layer has a light olive shade, a white mesh on the stem, which is clearly visible along the entire length. This type of porcini is found in oak and linden groves, in the south it can be found next to edible chestnuts. It is appreciated by mushroom pickers for its unique aroma, and a light nutty flavor that remains after drying.


2. Birch porcini mushroom - has an almost white, with a light yellowish cap. It grows small - up to 15 cm in diameter. The tubular body of a young boletus is completely white, becoming yellowish with age. The leg is light, brownish, covered with a white mesh only in its upper part. Found in birch groves.
3. Pine porcini mushroom - unlike other representatives, it has a bright wine color of the cap. Olive tubular layer. The leg also has a mesh, but a reddish tint. It is found in light and warm areas of the coniferous forest, but in the hot season it can hide in the shade of dense crowns.

White is a mushroom of the first category, it is edible and extremely useful. It can be eaten without heat treatment. But you should be very careful, because even experienced mushroom pickers can get into the basket false whites, which are conditionally edible, or even inedible and poisonous.

The main difference between all false mushrooms is the color of the tubular body under the cap. For example, in gall fungus it is slightly pinkish. Also, this double has an extremely bitter taste, which intensifies during processing. Not a single inhabitant of the forest will ever covet him.

Another representative of doubles - satanic mushroom... Unlike the gall mushroom, which is inedible but not poisonous, the satanic mushroom is extremely dangerous to humans.

The scavenger defines it as conditionally edible, but the satanic mushroom can be eaten only after 10 hours of heat treatment. Only 10 g of raw mushroom pulp can cause paralysis of the entire human nervous system. The color and shape of the cap of this false mushroom is identical to white. The tubular layer can have all sorts of shades of red, from orange to pink. The reticular layer is red. The pulp is light, but turns blue on the cut within 5 minutes. The old representatives of the satanic mushroom have a terrible smell of rotten onions.

Important. It is recommended to check the color change of the cut on the legs directly during collection.

Who is especially useful porcini mushroom

The boletus contains many elements useful for the human body. It contains especially a lot of vegetable protein. In addition, the pulp of the mushroom contains vitamins PP, C, B, B1; trace elements: iodine, zinc, copper.

Porcini broths can be put on a person's feet after a complex operation. Boletus boletus stimulates the digestive function, they have anticancer properties, and also help tone muscles and increase their endurance. White mushroom is strongly recommended for athletes, vegetarians, people prone to cancer and those with gastrointestinal problems.

Picking porcini mushrooms: video

dachadizain.ru

Poplar drops its earrings - time to collect morels

In early spring, when there is still snow in some places, but the air temperature has already exceeded zero, you can go to the forest for morels. A sure sign of a good harvest of these mushrooms is a winter with little snow and not a rainy autumn. And popular rumor insists that as soon as the poplars and aspens begin to shed their earrings, you can move forward for the first mushroom harvest.

Warm rains and thunderstorms are the harbingers of the first oil

As soon as the warm May rains pass and the first thunderstorms thunder, boldly go to collect the first boletus, boletus, boletus. But since the earth is not yet completely warmed up, and there is too much rain, do not count on a large harvest of mushrooms during this period.

During the flowering of linden, wormy mushrooms are least

In summer, you should go to the forest for mushrooms during the linden blossom. During this period, the forest is warm and humid enough, which causes the growth of mushrooms. But as soon as the heat sets in, the mushrooms will quickly become wormy.

The first chanterelles are a harbinger of the imminent appearance of porcini mushrooms and boletus

When the weather is not hot, occasionally there are short-term rains, and the first chanterelles grow in the forest, then after a few weeks you can come for porcini and boletus mushrooms.

See swarming midges - feel free to go to the forest

Moshkara actively reproduces in warm, humid weather, which usually occurs in summer after heavy rain. If you notice clouds of midges in the forest, feel free to take a basket and go to look for mushroom spots. A good result is guaranteed!

The first fly agarics appeared - start your search for porcini mushrooms

Porcini mushrooms are also to be found in places where many amanita mushrooms with bright red caps have grown. These mushrooms often coexist. Usually such places are found in mixed forests, but not more often, but in an open, sunny place.

The first fogs are a signal to start harvesting autumn mushrooms

Beginning in August, dense fogs in the morning are a sure sign of the onset of the mushroom season. At this time, you can harvest a rich harvest of porcini mushrooms, aspen mushrooms, boletus mushrooms, as well as chanterelles, mushrooms and mushrooms. Especially when the first yellow leaves have already appeared on the birches.

They began to harvest oats in the fields - feel free to go to the nearest forest

There is such a day in the national calendar as Natalya Ovsyanitsa. Our ancestors celebrated it on September 8, on this day they began harvesting oats, as well as harvesting mushrooms for the winter. People said: “Natalya came, went to the forest to pick mushrooms. Let's go honey mushrooms, so the summer is gone. "

Many fluttering butterflies are a sign of active growth of mushrooms

During the so-called "Indian summer", when the weather is improving and getting pretty warm, you can see flying butterflies in the field. This sign indicates the active growth of mushrooms. Again, you can gather in the forest for boletus, boletus and mushrooms.

Leaf fall has begun - go for autumn mushrooms

With the fall of leaves, it is time to collect the so-called "autumn" mushrooms. They can be found in dense thickets of grass next to fallen trees and old stumps. In the forest, mushrooms grow in large groups, mushrooms can be cut up to stable frosts.

The first morning frosts are a signal to start collecting oyster mushrooms

When light frosts occur in the morning, and frost forms, but the sun still peeps out during the day, you can go to the forest to look for oyster mushrooms. These mushrooms are still not very popular with us, but they have already begun to appear in stores more and more often. Oyster mushrooms are delicious mushrooms that can be boiled, fried and pickled.

www.ogorod.ru

Varieties of white specimens

There are many types of mushrooms, but the most popular and common ones are:

• oak;
• spruce;
• birch;
• pine.

Oak boletus

Oak specimens include boletus with a brownish, brown and grayish tint of the cap, which can be covered with white cracks. In diameter, it ranges from 8 to 25 centimeters. Initially, the tubes on it are white, then they become yellowish-greenish.

The leg is approximately 20 centimeters. It is loose, with a noticeable mesh image.

Boletus is collected during the summer and autumn months. It bears fruit in layers. This earliest subspecies is shown at the end of the spring month.

It is important to pay attention to the fact that the oak specimen is similar to the gall fungus. The latter grows in coniferous forests. There is a black mesh with pink tubes on its stem.

Borovik has medicinal properties. It is used in the treatment of:

• disturbed metabolic process;
• weakness after illness;
• digestion.

Spruce subspecies

This type of cap is convex, sometimes depressed. Her skin is velvety, wrinkled, shiny and sticks in wet weather. The edge of the cap is often acute-angled. Its shade is brown, brick red. The tubes are spacious, easily detached from the hat. Initially, they have a white, grayish, and yellowish, olive color towards maturity.

Growing specimens with thick flesh. Further, it is spongy, with a white color, a pleasant mushroom aroma and aftertaste.

The leg is 20 cm high with tofus downwards. Its color is white, brown.

This subspecies bears fruit in 2 stages. First individually in the last days of May. The next abundant cover is in mid-June.

This specimen is similar to other types of porcini mushrooms (however, spruce is more healing than oak). Of the unusable specimens, it is like a gall mushroom.

Pine boletus

It has a fleshy convex hat. Its skin is smooth and velvety, and in wet weather it is sticky. Boletus has a brownish-red, dark brown, purple, greenish, gray color. His edge is often light. Initially, the tubular layer is white, then yellow, olive yellow. The white flesh is reddish purple under the skin. The taste and smell of the mushroom is characteristic of mushroom.

The leg has a maximum height of 12 cm. It is thick, fleshy, thickened to the base. Its color is light brown, yellowish. The leg is covered with a thin red mesh.

The pine subspecies can be easily confused with the bitter, inedible bile specimen, which has a black mesh on the leg, a pink tubular layer.

Habitat

The forests in which porcini mushrooms grow are very diverse. This is because some of the subspecies are mutually beneficial in contact with different trees. Therefore, they live where there are trees. At the same time, the place where the porcini mushroom grows must have a specific soil, characteristic thermal and humid conditions. Hence, it is clear that the forest beauty will not grow where it is necessary. You need to look for it in special forests.

Coniferous forests

This is the most characteristic landscape where the named specimens grow. Coniferous forests are located in the northern hemisphere of the planet.

Pine forests

On this territory you can find pine porcini mushrooms, which come into contact with pine (less often this happens with spruce and deciduous species). Their distinguishing feature is their sugary brown cap and stem, which can sometimes have a brown tint.

Such a mushroom loves to grow in sandy or loamy soil. It shouldn't be too moist. That is, this subspecies avoids swamps and damp lowlands, preferring dry forest areas. It can also be found in mountainous areas. Apparently, there are suitable growth conditions for the fungus.

You can determine the location where the boletus grow by digging the earth in the forest with a shovel and identifying grains of sand under the semi-rotten litter, and also relying on the main landmark. These are moss or lichen pillows. Instances are often found in these places, especially when there are small clearings in the trees, which are better warmed by the sun compared to other surrounding areas.

Also, mushrooms are located on the outskirts of meadows, clearings, along the sides of forest paths.

Elniki

Spruce porcini mushrooms grow in this forest. In appearance, it is difficult to distinguish it from the pine subspecies, although the color of the cap of the spruce boletus is less saturated. It belongs to the type species, it is a real porcini mushroom.

Spruce boletus grow in the same conditions as pine, differing only in their attraction to spruce. They also love loamy, sandy, non-waterlogged soil, moss and lichen litter.

Deciduous forests

The area of \u200b\u200bdeciduous forests is quite large, although they are much smaller in comparison with coniferous ones. They are more developed in the southern part, and are rare in the north.

Bereznyaki

Birch boletus is also called spikelet. It got this name due to the appearance of rye by the time of harvesting.

This subspecies has a lighter cap relative to the 2 previous specimens. It can be found almost everywhere. Of course, boletus avoids swampy areas and peat bogs. It is the most common mushroom. A spikelet can be found in any birch forest at the edge, at the boundaries between sites, in open and overgrown areas.

Signs that make it easy to identify the presence of boletus in a birch forest:

1. Grass bumps belous.
2. Nearby mushrooms - red fly agaric, chanterelle. They accompany the birch boletus, bear fruit at almost the same time.

Dubravy

This area is not quite typical of the Urals. At the same time, in the southwest you can find small areas of oak forests, where porcini mushrooms grow between oak trees.

However, some scientists believe that it is a separate species of fungus. It is called bronze boletus. He has a dark-colored hat. It happens that she has a black shade with a bloom that looks like mold. The French call this mushroom the head of a negro.

This subspecies grows in warm forests, prefers the southern regions more. Occasionally it can be found in mountainous areas, but often it is absent there.

Elm woods

There are such forests as elm forests (elm forests). A specific category of porcini mushroom, which would prefer these particular forests, has not been identified. However, in rare cases, there are different types of pine and spruce boletus, sometimes there is a birch variety.

Mixed forests

In these forests you can come across large glades of porcini mushrooms. Why exactly in them is unknown. There are only guesses about the possible best conditions for mixed forests. Or the reason depends on the original undergrowth.

Birch often grows in mixed forests. Therefore, the most abundant variety of boletus is birch. It is possible that thanks to this tree, the yield of this type of mushroom occurs.

Important information! It has been observed that the chance of finding large accumulations of mushrooms is higher in older forests than in pristine, primeval forests.

When to pick mushrooms

When planning to go to the forest, it is worth having an idea of \u200b\u200bwhen to pick porcini mushrooms, where they grow. Since the required temperature for the growth of such trophies lasts for a long time in the summer months, it is during this period that they need to be collected.

The more often temperature thresholds and changes in humidity occur, the weaker the fertile bodies of mushrooms develop.

Good climatic conditions include:

• short thunderstorms;
• warm foggy nights.

You need to start picking porcini mushrooms before the sun rises, as they are more noticeable at this hour. You need to walk slowly, carefully looking over the area.

The optimal harvest time is one week after rain. The mushroom needs to grow.

If the summer season is wet, the boletus will appear far from the trees (these are dry, well-heated hills, glades, forest edges). In dry season, mushrooms will hide under trees, where there is dried grass in which moisture is well retained.

It is believed that mushroom growth is noticeable where morels grow.

How to collect forest gifts

In order not to harm nature, the mushrooms should be collected correctly. It is necessary to carefully cut as close to the ground as possible, so as not to destroy the mushroom place. They are also unscrewed from the soil.

Having turned out or cut off the find, it must be cleaned so that the specimens lying nearby do not get dirty.

Put the found mushrooms with their caps down. If the boletus has a long leg, it should be laid on its side. It is necessary to collect only good specimens, without worms and rot.

If the boletus is overripe or unfamiliar, it is better to leave it intact. You can't trample them.

gribnichki.ru

When and where do the first porcini mushrooms appear

Boletus is common on all continents except Australia. Prefers to settle in deciduous (birch, oak forests) and coniferous (pine, spruce) forests.

Depending on the age of the place of growth, the fruiting bodies of porcini mushrooms differ. If it grows in an oak forest, then the hat has a light color, and the leg is elongated. In the birch forest, the caps are also light, but the legs are tuberous. When settling near firs, dark caps are placed on long legs. If the mushroom grew in a pine forest, it has a brownish-red cap and a short, thick leg.
Porcini mushrooms begin to bear fruit singly, closer to the autumn period, heap. Grow in seasons:

• in areas with a temperate climate - from the middle of the first summer month to the end of September;
• in warmer regions - from the end of May days to October.

Although the cep is a light-loving plant, it can grow in areas shaded by dense crowns. If in the summer there are low daily temperatures and high humidity, the crop can be harvested only in open, well-lit and warmed glades. If the summer is favorable, the growth of mushrooms does not depend on the light. Optimum temperature for fruiting: 15-18 ° C in summer and 8-10 ° C in autumn.

How to quickly find a white mushroom in the forest (video)

Rules for collecting porcini mushrooms

Since the boletus is very sensitive to temperature conditions, it grows very quickly under favorable climatic conditions. The period from the onset of growth to full maturation is several days. In just 7 - 10 days, the mushroom grows old, losing its taste and accumulating toxic waste products of pests that have settled in it. In view of this feature, the mushroom picker must prepare in advance for harvesting so as not to miss the very peak of its growth.

Mushrooms grow especially quickly after rain. After 2 - 3 days after precipitation, you can go in search of boletus. Closer to autumn, it becomes cooler, and the growth of forest inhabitants slows down.

It is important to know the places where porcini mushrooms grow. Having found at least one individual, you should carefully examine the nearby territory, examining the possible areas of their appearance. It is recommended to cut the mushrooms with a knife, but if it is absent, you need to carefully swing the mushroom and unscrew it from the ground.

In order not to harm health, it is important to adhere to some rules:

• any mushrooms are natural sorbents that absorb toxic substances, therefore it is forbidden to collect them in ecologically unfavorable areas;
• since the product is useful only until the end of the growth period, it is not recommended to use it after the start of the decay period;
• edible mushrooms have inedible counterparts or similar poisonous mushrooms, so you cannot collect unfamiliar specimens.

Porcini mushrooms have a white and dense pulp, practically tasteless, but with a pleasant aroma. They include substances useful for the body. The plant product is widely used for culinary purposes, but they must be properly processed before use.

It is important to know the places where porcini mushrooms grow

Time and places of picking porcini mushrooms in Russia

In the northern regions of Russia, porcini mushrooms begin to bear fruit from the beginning of summer, in the southern regions - from mid-May. The timing of fruiting may vary depending on the temperature.

Mass harvesting begins in the middle of the last month of summer. It is at this time that mushroom pickers go on a quiet hunt and return with full baskets. In Siberian forests, mushrooms grow in the taiga, in other districts in forests with a predominance of conifers or mixed species. Experienced mushroom pickers advise looking for mushrooms around deciduous trees over 50 years old and pine trees 20 - 30 years old. The soil should be sandy, sandy loam and loamy. In swampy places, mushroom pickers have nothing to do, since mushrooms practically do not grow there.

Where and when to look for porcini mushrooms in Belarus

Mushrooms are a traditional and favorite delicacy of the Belarusian cuisine. The republic has ideal mushroom conditions: the presence of mixed forests and swamps. The unique climatic conditions have a beneficial effect on the growth of various types of fungi. The first edible mushrooms begin to appear already in the first spring month, but the specific dates depend on the weather conditions. Minsk and Vitebsk regions are considered the best mushroom grounds. A large harvest can be harvested in the forests located along the Vitebsk direction.

It is recommended to look for a porcini mushroom among conifers. He prefers to settle on clearings and forest edges. On hot summer days, it most often hides in shelters under trees, and in cool autumn it heats up in open sunny areas, especially on wet soil.

In order not to miss the lurking fungus, it is important to consider the places along the paths very carefully. Experienced mushroom pickers advise not to pass by small semi-dried forest streams and hillocks. It is especially difficult to look for it in fallen leaves.

After haymaking (usually from the second half of July), a second layer of mushrooms appears. After 2 - 3 weeks there is a lull. Then comes the most abundant mushroom layer, which continues until frost. During the summer, the mycelium has grown, and the soil has warmed up, which contributes to abundant fruiting.

Season and places of picking porcini mushrooms in Ukraine

Not many Ukrainians show interest in early mushrooms. The massive harvest of a valuable crop begins at the end of the spring period. In addition to warm weather, another prerequisite for the appearance of mushrooms is the presence of a moist upper layer of the earth, otherwise there will be no harvest if there is a lack of moisture.

You can go in search of porcini mushrooms at any time throughout the summer. Especially a lot of them grow in the forests of western Ukraine. These territories are characterized by the presence of tall trees, which helps to maintain the required level of moisture, stimulating the growth of fungi.

Autumn is also a good season for collecting forest gifts, since this time is characterized by heavy rainfall. Experienced mushroom pickers note the high yield of the Tsyuryupinsky district, where, in addition to the white ones, other equally tasty mushrooms grow, for example, butter and truffles.

Porcini mushrooms are found before the temperature drops in October, although in the Carpathians they can be harvested all year round. The product is known for its nutritional and medicinal properties. Despite the fact that pests are often observed inside the fruiting body, they do not lose their value.

Picking porcini mushrooms in Germany

In Germany, there are at least five thousand known species of mushrooms. The third part belongs to edible. Porcini mushrooms, actively used in German cuisine, can be harvested as early as May. They appear in rare young oak plantings, glades and aisles. A little later, umbrella mushrooms and chanterelles begin. The peak is in autumn. In the regions located on the south side of Lake Constance, even black truffles are found, which are classified as gourmet products.

Before going in search of a harvest, in Germany they offer to complete preparatory courses, including theoretical studies and practice. In order not to confuse useful forest beauties with poisonous individuals, it is advised to download a special application to an electronic device, in which each type of mushroom is described in detail and in pictures.

But even experienced mushroom pickers cannot pick as many mushrooms as they want, since the law allows limited picking. If you abuse natural gifts, you can get a big fine.

How to pick porcini mushrooms (video)

You can make broth from porcini mushrooms, the beneficial properties of which are considered higher than that of traditional meat broth. It contains a large amount of vitamins that contribute to the proper functioning of the thyroid gland and improve the condition of hair, nails and skin.

Experts do not recommend eating freshly cooked porcini mushrooms, as they contain quinine, which prevents the absorption of useful proteins. In order for the quinine to evaporate, the product must first be dried. In dry form, they will be used for making vegetable soups.

Mushrooms in the Moscow region 2020 - where to pick and what by month, dangerous areas for picking with poor ecology, where to go and what transport is better to get for a "quiet hunt". Every year, thousands of mushroom pickers comb the forests of the Moscow Region, despite the fact that almost every supermarket has oyster mushrooms, champignons and even milk mushrooms of excellent quality. The point here, of course, is not about saving, but about a great vacation.

Mushroom hunting allows you to get away from the city and relax much better than fishing or jogging, a hike for mushrooms and fresh air has a positive effect on the nervous system, heart, lungs, vision, after such a walk a person feels completely rested.

To make mushroom picking fun and exciting, you need to know where to look. In addition, given the large number of industrial plants, as well as the unrealistic volumes of smog and heavy metals that Moscow gives off, mushrooms in the Moscow region need to know where to collect.

Otherwise, you can get poisoned even by their very noble species, or make yourself an unpleasant disease like oncology.

This article is a treasure trove for mushroom hikers. Save it to your wall or bookmarks to never be left without loot.

May

What mushrooms to pick: morels

Where to collect: Losino-Petrovsky district, Orlovka village. Orekhovo-Zuevo, the village of Prokudino. Belye Stolby (forest belt along the railway), Obninskaya platform, where the forest was burning.

In May, the mushroom season opens in the Moscow region, the first variety that can be harvested in local forests is morels. These mushrooms are very fond of old conflagrations, slopes warmed by the sun. But in ordinary coniferous forests, there are also many morels, the main thing is to choose a hilly area. In principle, you can go for morels to almost any forest in the Moscow region, but during this period you should beware of ticks. A big plus of morels is the absence of a large number of summer residents, who at the beginning of May try to fry kebabs and restore their gardens more than go mushrooming.

Sometimes morels come across even at the end of April, but their most bloom occurs in the middle and end of May. There are many recipes for this nondescript-looking mushroom; a walk in the spring forest gives a lot of positive emotions. You can also pick morels by car, having driven away from the city - in recent years forests have been burning practically throughout the entire Moscow region, so it will not be difficult to find a good conflagration. And many more morels come across in nature reserves and even ordinary parks - these mushrooms love difficult growing conditions. Read more about morel mushrooms in the Moscow region. In addition, by opening the quiet hunting season, you can outline the places where more noble mushrooms grow.

June

What mushrooms to pick: boletus and boletus - from the very beginning of the month. Russula and raincoats. In the middle and end of the month, boletus and chanterelles will go.

Where to collect: Towards Ryazan - Bronnitsy and Peski, Kazan direction - Gzhel and Antsiferovo. There are many mushrooms along the Yaroslavl highway - Vysokovo, Zhuchki, Artemovo. According to Leningradsky - Dulepovo, Kochergino, Ermakovo.

Mushrooms in the Moscow region of 2020 already have a great variety in June, but it all depends on the weather. If the summer began cold, then by mid-June in the Moscow region you can find a maximum of raincoats. But if in the first two weeks the sun warms the soil well, then you can even find a porcini mushroom. At the beginning of the month, morels come across, but they leave by 7-10.

The most important thing is that in June in the Moscow region you can already go mushrooming in deciduous forests. Moreover, there is much more chance of getting a full basket than in conifers. It is very good to look in places where it is warm and humid, as well as at the joints of different types of trees. For example, between birches and aspens. Mushroom places in June are forest belts along the railways. There the forest has time to warm up, but the humidity remains. It is also good to look for mushrooms in tall grass, even if dry, where there are birches.

July

What mushrooms are harvested in July in the Moscow region: the same as in June, plus mushrooms, porcini, mushrooms, volushki.

Where to collect: Any large forest area. It is better to drive further away - Serpukhov, Obninsk, Fryanovo, Ershovo, Kostrovo, ideally along the Novorizhskoe or Yaroslavskoe highway.

July in the Moscow region is an ideal time for a mushroom picker. During this period, you can collect many noble species of mushrooms for salting and stews. There are especially many boletus boletus - there are a dime a dozen in the deciduous forest. But there are also disadvantages - this month it is better to stay away from summer cottages, unless only there in the middle of the week and after rain. Great competition affects the collection, and, given that many myceliums are also collected, mushroom spores simply do not have time to dissipate.

Another secret - you need to look along the trails where the locals sell mushrooms. They usually collect them near the point of sale.

In July, forest belts along the railway lose their relevance, it just becomes very dry there. But after long rains, sometimes you can pick up a basket. It should also be remembered that when picking mushrooms in the Moscow region, July 2019 is a dangerous month for forest fires, when collecting it is advisable to clarify the direction of the wind and it is better to take a navigator or a compass with you.

August

What mushrooms are collected: everything is like in July. The number of whites is growing, milk mushrooms, gray cakes and green leaves, which are good for pickling, begin to go.

Where to collect: in the same place as in July. But it is also worth going to Nazaryevo, Khoroshilovo, Sobolevo, Biserevo.

Most of the mushrooms are in August. This is the peak harvest in the Moscow region, so you can harvest to the maximum. Naturally, it is better to look in places that are at least 80 km from the Moscow Ring Road. Long away? Far away, but you can find really good redheads if you can find a large forest mane. Look at, satellite search for the most extensive forest areas. Mushrooms in the Moscow region in 2020 in August in the Istra forests, on Belozersky, in Zakharovo come across quite often. But in August there are even more mushroom pickers than in July, so some places near the city are mowed down clean.

By train, you can go much further, but ideally, of course, go by car, and from the highway turn off along a country road, at least another 10 km. Usually, other mushroom pickers do not pass such distances. By the way, an application for searching for mushrooms will soon be released in Moscow - it will determine the most favorable areas by humidity.

In August, it is still usually quite hot in the Moscow region. If the beginning of the month is dry, it is best to hunt quietly along rivers and close to wetlands. Moss on trees and other signs can indicate potential mushroom sites.

September

Types of mushrooms: all varieties are preserved, but there are fewer white and boletus boletuses. But more and more you can see honey agarics, mushrooms, mushrooms.

Where to collect: Kievskoe and Yaroslavskoe highways - the main directions. If it starts raining, you can return to the forest belts along the railway.

In September 2020, mushrooms in the Moscow region have an important property - if the weather is favorable, in the forests you can even find completely clean specimens, without a single worm. Good weather is a combination of rain and thaw. If it rained for two days, and then the sun came out, in a day you can go for mushrooms. Of course, there are not enough chanterelles and boletus boletuses, but again, there are a lot of moss and boletus. At the beginning of the month, there may still be a lot of mushrooms and waves, milk mushrooms begin to move away, but in warm weather they also come across.

In September, you need to be careful because of the influx of hunters; drunken companies are often found in the forests. Naturally, it is better to look for the most distant places. September mushrooms are well salted and pickled, for some reason they turn out to be especially tasty. At the end of September, there are many mushrooms under the fallen leaves, from where they look out. If the Indian summer is long, then the collection can be carried out until mid-October.

October

What mushrooms to collect: everyone is leaving, but there are still many mushrooms and mushrooms. Valui, ryadovki, greenfinches come across until the end of the month.

Where to collect: in deciduous forests.

In October, the mushroom season closes, but if the weather permits, you can still replenish stocks for the winter and eat well. In the Moscow region, at the beginning of the month there is often warm weather with clear air, during this period even moss, milk mushrooms and porcini mushrooms come across. Under the fallen leaves, in the sun, there are often many mushrooms - the soil there warms up, and the leaves do not allow moisture to evaporate. Mushrooms are usually small, but very tasty, without worms, ideal for pickles. By the middle of the month it is already more difficult to get a full basket, but the process is more adventurous, and it is pleasant to walk in the forest. At the end of October and in November, a maximum of several specimens can usually be found. It remains to wait for spring.

Dangerous places

A very important topic is where you cannot pick mushrooms in the Moscow region in 2020, since there is a high risk of infection. In the area of \u200b\u200bNoginsk, Elektrostal, there is almost a critical situation for arsenic, ammonia, chlorine and other nasty things ... If you are going to Orekhovo-Zuevo, go further towards Vladimir, to Petushki. Bad situation in the forests near Klin, Podolsk, Vidnoye - but there is already less concentration.

You need to understand that Moscow itself emits tons of harmful and heavy metals. The further from it, the better. It is also not recommended to pick mushrooms near highways and railways - it is better to move at least 20-30 meters behind tall bushes and trees. But if only electric trains run on the railway, then it is relatively safe.

On the map of dangerous mushroom areas, the zones are shown in red and yellow - it is better not to go there with a basket. But green areas are quite suitable for picking mushrooms, but even then not everywhere. You need to assess the situation yourself - if there are dumps, cemeteries, harmful factories nearby, then it is better to refrain from harvesting the mushroom harvest.

And, of course, you need to understand the mushrooms themselves. If you do not know the view, you are not sure if this is a wave - pass by. You need to be able to salt mushrooms correctly, every year from them in the MO - thousands of poisonings, often fatal! So a quiet hunt should be healthy and enjoyable!

The mushroom season in the forests near St. Petersburg is considered to be from August to November, but edible mushrooms can be found in the Leningrad Region almost all year round.

And so - you braced yourself, stocked up with an instrument, got acquainted with and even found out! Let's estimate if you got ready for the forest on time. We are looking at the mushroom picker calendar for the most popular edible mushrooms known in the forests of the Leningrad region.

Mushroom picker calendar
Collection month	Types of mushrooms	Collection features
January	Oyster mushroom	For mushroom pickers, the empty month, there is practically nothing to look for in the forest. But if the winter is warm, you can find fresh oyster mushrooms. Oyster mushrooms usually grow on trees, the cap of such a mushroom is one-sided or rounded, the plates run down on the stem, as if growing to it. It is not difficult to distinguish oyster mushrooms from inedible mushrooms - it has a cap that is completely non-leathery to the touch.
February	Oyster mushroom, wood mushrooms	If there is no thaw, there is practically nothing to look for in the forest
March	Oyster mushroom, wood mushrooms, talker	There are practically no mushrooms, but at the end of the month the first snowdrops may appear.
April	Oyster mushroom, wood mushrooms, talker, morel, stitching	Snowdrop mushrooms are quite common - morels and lines
May	Morel, stitching, oiler, oyster mushroom, raincoat	Most of the mushrooms can be found not under trees, but in clearings, in dense grass.
June	Oiler, boletus, boletus, oyster mushroom, morel, honey mushroom, chanterelle, porcini mushroom, raincoat	In June, mushrooms of the highest category begin to appear.
July	Oiler, boletus, boletus, oyster mushroom, morel, raincoat, honey mushroom, chanterelle, porcini mushroom, flywheel	There are already quite a lot of mushrooms - both in the glades and under the trees. In addition to mushrooms, strawberries and
August	Oiler, boletus, boletus, oyster mushroom, morel, honey mushroom, chanterelle, porcini mushroom, flywheel	At this time, mushrooms can be found almost everywhere: in the grass, under trees, near stumps, in ditches and on trees, and even in city squares and on the roadsides. In addition to mushrooms, it has already ripened, and appears in the swamps.
September	Butter dish, boletus, boletus, oyster mushroom, morel, honey mushroom, chanterelle, porcini mushroom, flywheel, oyster mushroom	September is the most fruitful month for mushrooms. But you need to be careful: autumn comes to the forests, and in the bright foliage it is difficult to see the multi-colored caps of mushrooms.
October	Valui, oyster mushroom, mushroom, honey mushroom, champignon, boletus, porcini mushroom, milk mushroom, flyworm, russula	The number of mushrooms in open areas - glades begins to decrease. In October, you should look for mushrooms in closed places - near stumps and under trees.
November	Butter dish, green tea, oyster mushrooms, wood mushrooms.	The weather can already be frosty, and there is a high probability of finding frozen mushrooms.
December	Oyster mushroom, wood mushrooms	There are almost no mushrooms, but if it is fantastically warm autumn, and even lucky, but you can turn up the remains of the autumn harvest of mushrooms.

May your quiet hunt be successful, and supper in good company or under your home or at a recreation center will be a good reminder of our northern nature.

The Moscow region is a mushroom land, because during the season it is possible to collect not only chanterelles, russula or honey mushrooms, but also more valuable boletus, because the porcini mushroom is considered the most successful find for the lover of “quiet hunting”. Naturally, in order to harvest a rich crop, you need to know the places in which boletus mushrooms are most often found. Experienced mushroom pickers do not spend a lot of time searching, because they only go to certain places.

If you also want to please your family with tasty and healthy boletus mushrooms, as well as salt or dry them for the winter, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the material of this article, where you will find all the necessary information for a successful "quiet hunt" in the Moscow region.

Porcini mushrooms in the Moscow region

The climate and natural conditions of the Moscow region make it possible to pick mushrooms almost all year round, because the first fruiting bodies begin to appear in the spring. Of course, the picking peak is in late summer and early autumn, but this depends entirely on weather conditions.

For example, if the summer was cool, all the main species will appear almost simultaneously, and not in turns, as is usually the case. However, to harvest a bountiful harvest, it is better to go to the forest in autumn, when the weather conditions stabilize and become optimal for the development of fruit bodies.

It is noteworthy that there are many edible species in the Moscow region. Among them there are chanterelles, mushrooms, and boletus. Lamellar varieties, like russula, are no less common, but the boletus will be the most valuable find for any mushroom picker, because in the pulp of its thick leg and fleshy cap there are really many useful substances.

Contrary to popular belief, the porcini mushroom still has several poisonous counterparts that can accidentally fall into the basket of an unwary or insufficiently attentive lover of "quiet hunting". These inedible species include satanic and gall mushrooms (bitter mushrooms), which have some differences from the usual boletus. For example, a satanic leg is colored red-brown, and the cap is much lighter than that of an ordinary boletus. The bile has a characteristic mesh on the leg, which is absent in the edible species. In addition, the pulp has a very unpleasant odor, and the taste is distinguished by a pronounced bitterness, which does not disappear, but only intensifies during heat treatment.

Figure 1. Boletus (photo 1) and its poisonous counterparts: bilious (photo 2) and satanic mushroom (photo 3)

These poisonous twins are rarely fatal, but they can still cause severe food poisoning. Therefore, before going into the forest, carefully study the characteristic external features of the boletus and its inedible counterparts in Figure 1, so as not to accidentally put a poisonous specimen in the basket.

Where porcini mushrooms grow in the Moscow region

There are a lot of mushroom-rich forests around the capital, and you can get to them not only by personal, but also by public transport (bus or train). However, the peculiarity of the region is that in certain areas, as a rule, individual species are found. Therefore, if your task is to collect more boletus, the area for "quiet hunting" should be chosen carefully. In order to choose an area for picking every mushroom lover, we will give the most popular and fruitful mushroom places in the Moscow region (Figure 2).

These include:

1. Ruzsky district: is considered an ecologically clean area, which is ideal for "quiet hunting". Areas near Oreshek and Novovolkovo are considered especially fruitful, but it should be borne in mind that in this area there are mostly honey mushrooms, although some manage to find a small crop of whites.
2. Stupinsky district: there are several truly fruitful places, which can be reached by train from the Paveletsky railway station. For example, whites can be found a few kilometers from the Shugarovo and Zhilevo stations. But, in addition to boletus, in the local forests there are a lot of russula, boletus and other edible species.
3. Yegoryevsky district: this area is very rich in mushrooms. In the forests near the villages of Shuvoe, Savvino, Kostino, Vereika and Bolshoe Gridino, there are not only boletus mushrooms, but also boletus, aspen and chanterelles. However, it should be borne in mind that it is imperative to go to this area with a map, since there are many old paths and paths in the forests, in which it is easy to get lost.

Figure 2. Map of the best places for "quiet hunting" in the Moscow region

Odintsovsky district is considered to be no less popular mushroom place. There are large families of mushrooms and boletus mushrooms. The Dmitrovsky district also offers a real abundance, because here you can find many valuable edible species: boletus, chanterelles, boletus, mushrooms, boletus and aspen mushrooms. In general, experienced mushroom pickers note that the Moscow region is such a fruitful region in terms of mushrooms that you can go on a "quiet hunt" in almost any direction. Your trip to the forest will not be in vain, and you will definitely pick up a full basket of delicious and healthy forest mushrooms.

When you need to pick a porcini mushroom in the Moscow region

Everyone knows that fruiting bodies develop best in warm and humid weather. It follows from this that one should also go on a "quiet hunt" after heavy rains have passed, but the air temperature will be quite high.

As a rule, in the Moscow region, the first porcini mushrooms appear in July, although the traditional time of collection is August and early September. However, it should be borne in mind that much depends on the climatic characteristics of the year. For example, if the summer was rainy and not too hot, an abundant amount of boletus will appear already in the middle of summer, and in a warm and moderately rainy autumn, they can be collected until early October.

Note: These features apply exclusively to boletus, which require special weather conditions for development. However, if you are an experienced mushroom picker, you can harvest almost any time of the year.

For example, in the spring the first morels appear, which, although they have a very unusual appearance, are excellent for eating. In addition, if you know the place, you can find mushrooms even in winter, because at this time of the year on old stumps or fallen tree trunks there are winter mushrooms, which can be used for frying or pickling.

However, if you do not have enough experience, it is better to go to the forest with a more experienced colleague, be sure to take a map with you and put only those specimens in the basket that you are sure of edibility.

Rules for picking porcini mushrooms in the Moscow region

The basic rule of any mushroom picker says: "You can only pick those mushrooms that you are sure of edibility." If you have even the slightest doubts about the edibility of a specimen, it is better to immediately consult with a more experienced mushroom picker, or simply ignore the suspicious specimen (Figure 3).

However, when going to pick mushrooms in the Moscow region, you should follow some other rules:

1. Better not to go to the forest alone. This way you run the risk of getting lost or lost on your way. Going for mushrooms, be sure to warn your family or friends about the place of your walk and the expected duration of your stay in the forest.
2. Be sure to take safety measures: charge your phone, take matches, a small supply of water and food. Even if you accidentally get lost in the forest, you will have the opportunity to reinforce your strength.
3. Choose the right clothes for your walk. It is better not to wear camouflage and dark clothes in the forest. Give preference to bright things, preferably with reflective elements.
4. You need to enter the forest only during daylight hours to make it easier to remember the signs of the area.

Figure 3. Rules for collecting boletus

In addition, rubber boots, long sleeves and a hat should be worn. This will keep you from snakes, ticks and mosquitoes. And remember that while collecting any mushrooms, including white ones, you need to carefully examine each specimen so as not to accidentally put a poisonous double in the basket.

You will find more interesting and practical information about "quiet hunting" in the Moscow region in the video.

White mushroom or boletus is considered the "king" among other types of mushrooms and the most desirable prey for lovers of "quiet hunting". Every mushroom picker wants to know in which places porcini mushrooms grow, as well as when the richest harvest of these fruit bodies can be harvested.

It should be noted that porcini mushrooms are considered very useful and tasty gifts of the forest. They got their name from the cap, which does not change color even after processing, including drying. Boletus always remains white, but other types of mushrooms change their color. In addition, the taste and nutritional qualities of these fruit bodies are at their best. The mushroom contains vitamins C, B, D, as well as carotene and riboflavin, which strengthens hair, nails and skin. In addition, they contain lecithin, which helps with atherosclerosis and increases hemoglobin.

Few know the growing places of porcini mushrooms, so in this article we will tell you where you can collect these fruiting bodies. Rainy weather is perfect for collecting boletus. A distinctive feature of the porcini mushroom is its habitat next to the fly agaric. What places does the porcini mushroom choose and where is it better to collect it? Note that if a lot of horsetail grows in the forest, boletus is practically not found there.

Every mushroom picker knows that all fruit bodies love warmth and moisture. If the weather is hot in summer, then they can be found under bushes and in the grass. And in autumn boletus grow in open places, under the rays of the sun.

Experienced mushroom pickers always have an idea in which places to look for porcini mushrooms, because they are not found in all forests. For example, pine forests or birch groves have always been famous for boletus. Here they do not grow alone, but prefer large clusters. If you find one boletus, do not rush to leave, because there are probably more specimens nearby.

What other places like porcini mushrooms?

The next fact speaks about what places the porcini mushroom likes. I must say that in young forests that are not yet 20 years old, you will not find boletus. But pine forests, coniferous and deciduous with a predominance of birches, which are more than 30 years old, are famous for the abundance of this delicacy.

But it is important to remember that you will never find boletus in the spring. This mushroom grows in summer and autumn, so the harvesting season for it starts at the end of June and lasts until the end of October. If the spring was warm and rainy enough, then the porcini mushroom can be found in the month of May. But if the autumn turned out to be frosty, then in October you will not find boletus. We suggest watching a video showing in which forest porcini mushrooms grow:

All fruit bodies grow very quickly under favorable conditions, and the porcini mushroom is no exception. A small boletus weighing only 3 g in 5 days can increase in mass up to 300 g. Often you can find large specimens weighing 600 g. However, a mushroom from 150 to 300 g is considered ideal. Large mushrooms are poorly absorbed by the human body, since they too much fiber. Small specimens are absorbed easier and faster, but they contain fewer vitamins. Therefore, when to pick porcini mushrooms, decide for yourself.

Favorite places where porcini mushrooms grow

Forests with a predominance of birch and oak, as well as pine forests and spruce forests are considered the favorite growing places of porcini mushrooms. The fungal mycelium penetrates deep into the roots of trees, and both plant species benefit from this. However, it should be noted that the porcini mushroom is a capricious fruiting body. It is too sensitive to temperature changes in the area where it grows. Humidity levels and other climatic parameters are the main reason for what kind of porcini mushroom harvest to expect.

If the weather is sunny and warm, the porcini mushroom grows quickly. Full ripening takes several days, after 10-12 days the fruiting body begins to age: unique taste is lost, worminess and accumulation of toxic products increase.

Therefore, in order to catch the period of gathering boletus, you need to prepare in advance for a "quiet hunt". Everyone simply needs to know the places where porcini mushrooms grow, and feel free to go in search of them.

In which forests do porcini mushrooms grow (with photo video)

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with a photo showing in which forests porcini mushrooms grow. These fruiting bodies are found all over the world. The exception is Australia and the arctic latitudes. Sometimes this mushroom is found in Kamchatka and Chukotka. It is actively found in large colonies in the Siberian taiga. However, the richest yields can be found in the vast mixed forests of European Russia. The porcini mushroom feels great in those places where there are a lot of mosses and lichens. Mixed forests with trees such as birch, oak, hornbeam, fir, pine and spruce are considered especially favorite places for porcini mushrooms.