Introduction

1. Nature myths about the creation of the world

2. Myths about the creation of the world

2.1 Ancient religion

2.2 Modern World Religions

2.3 Religions of South and East Asia

Conclusion

List of sources used

Introduction

The people of the first civilizations asked about the origin of humanity and the origin of the rest of the world. Where did people and animals, trees and shrubs, grass and cereals come from on earth? When it became shining the sun - a bright sun, a scattering darkness, running night fears? Who lit in the sky of the stars and put a month to replace the sun at night? How did people appear on earth and what does a person await after death? Then, for the absence of scientific knowledge, people were looking for a religious subtext in all.

This question arises naturally, since an example of many variable things, phenomena or the processes of the surrounding world, an example of the birth and the existence of living beings, a person, society and the phenomena of culture teaches us that everything has its beginning. Much in the world once began, originated and began to change and develop for a relatively short or long period of time. True, there were examples of such long-lived things that seem to be eternal. For example, an eternal appeared the ocean, the rivers flowing into it, mountain arrays, shining sun or moon. These examples were brought to the opposite idea that the world as a whole could be eternal and not to be started. Thus, human thought, human intuition assumed two opposite options for the answer to the question: the world once began to exist and the world existed always and did not have a start. There are various options between two extreme points of view, for example, that the world arose from the primary ocean, which himself does not start, or that the world occurs periodically, and then destroyed, etc.

The purpose of the work: to explore the nature of the myths about the creation of the world.

For this, we will solve the following tasks:

clarify the concept of myth and mythology;

i identify the nature of the myths about the origin of the world and the phenomena of nature;

briefly consider the most famous myths about the creation of the world.

1. Nature myths about the creation of the world

To begin with, clarify the concept of myth and mythology.

Myth (Greek. "Tradition", "Tale") - the most ancient legends, legends transmitting the representation of the ancient peoples on the origin of the world and various phenomena of nature.

Mythology is not just a story about how God looked, what he did, and what happened. This is not a set of scattered stories and characters. First of all, this is a detailed description of the world as this people represents. In mythology included:

ideas about how the world is arranged, where he came from, why everything is happening in the world, and not otherwise;

stories about certain acts of gods and people;

explanations why people come as they do;

prescriptions, how and why behave at every moment of his life;

describes what is the essence of a person's life and what will happen to him after death.

All these aspects are merged, fused into a single inclusive whole, and it is impossible to fully explain something one, not in detail almost every other aspect. Therefore, it is very difficult to smash mythology into individual "topics" - the creation of the world, myths about the gods, etc.

The creation of the world is a group of cosmogonic myths and legends in mythologies and religions, the feature of which is the presence of a demiurge or a god-creator, actions or will of which are the cause and driving force of the consistent circuit of acts of creation.

In most mythologies, there are general stories about the origin of all things: the allocation of elements of order from the initial chaos, the separation of the maternal and father's gods, the emergence of land from the ocean, infinite and untimely, etc.

Let's look at the geography of the main mythologies of the world:

for Indians of North America, Coyote is a sacred animal, thanks to his Moon and the Sun illuminate the world;

one is the God of Victory, the Supreme God of Vikings, who takes the soldiers to themselves who fell in battle;

the Greeks refer to the king of the gods - Zeus; Romans name is his Jupiter;

meadow - Celtic God of Light, he is a brave, strongman, musician and a wizard;

rA - the Supreme God of Egypt, the God of the Sun - he should not stop his run across the sky, otherwise the world will plunge into darkness;

vishnu is one of the three gods in India, standing at the cradle of the world;

in Australia, rainbow snakes - created nature;

in Russia - Svarog gave life to the Sun (Dazhbogu), Perun, Yaril.

So, myths in the life of ancient people played a practical role, because With the help of myths, they tried to explain the world in which they lived. Myths gave the completed picture of the world order. They were transmitted from the genus to the genus and were perceived as a spiritual testament of ancestors, which focuses the experience and age-old wisdom of previous generations.

Through the myth, an immutable system of values \u200b\u200band behaviors was approved, the existing order in the world was fixed on the grounds that it was always. In those distant times, no sciences did not exist, there were no space missiles, ocean liners capable of making round-the-world travels and thus give people an idea of \u200b\u200bthe boundaries of the world, so in all parts of the planet there were their mythologies capable of explaining the secrets of nature and draw their picture of the world, Which we will look at the next chapter.

2. Myths about the creation of the world

Everywhere, on all continents, people told legends that describe the acts of gods and help explain the secrets of the world. All the myths that have come down to us about the creation of peace and people, at first glance, may affect their contradictory variety. The creators of the gods, people and the universe in them are the animals, then birds, the gods, then the goddesses. Different and creatures and creators and creators. General for all legends is, perhaps, only an idea of \u200b\u200bthe primitive chaos, from which those or other gods gradually arose and the world was created in different ways.

Unfortunately, almost none of the myths about the creation of the world have not been preserved to our days. Quite often, it is not possible to restore even the plot of one or another legend. Such fragmentary information about some options had to be replenished with the help of other sources, and in some cases restore the legend on certain fragmentary data, on the basis of both written and real monuments. Nevertheless, despite the incompleteness of the material, with the closest consideration of the whole manifold of the myths that have reached us, such different and, it would seem, not mutually related, it is still possible to establish a number of general features. And, despite such contradictory, intricate and diverse views, people "believed in one supreme god, a self-learning, self-sufficient, almighty and eternal, who created other gods, the sun, the moon and the stars, land, and all that is located on it.

We, modern people of the myths of the ancient peoples are interested in what they tell about how they lived, in which they believed how our ancestors understood. Consider briefly myths about the creation that existed in the ancient world, as well as in modern world religions.

2.1 Ancient religion

In most mythologies, there are general stories about the origin of all things: the allocation of elements of order from the initial chaos, the separation of the maternal and paternal gods, the emergence of sushi from the ocean, infinite and untimely, etc. In cosmogonic (about the origin of the world) and anthropogonic (origin A person) Myths are allocated a group of stories about the creation of the world as the Earth or the Universe, the creation of the world of animal and vegetable, the creation of a person, describing their origin as an arbitrary act of "creation" by the highest creature.

Myths of Ancient Egypt. The God of RA appeared from the aqueous abyss, and then all living beings came out of his mouth. At first, Ra breathed a shu - the first air, after - the first moisture of the Tefunut (water), from which a new couple was born, Geb Earth and the Nut of the Sky ended with the parents of Osiris Birth, Isidesa Revival, the Seta Desert and Neptid, Choir and Hathor. From the air and moisture, the RA made an OKO RA, the goddess Hathor to see what he does. When the OCO has appeared, he began to cry, and people appeared from his tears. Hathor was angry at RA due to the fact that it exists separately from his body. Then Ra found a place for Hathor on his forehead, after which he created a snake, of which all other creatures appeared.

Myths of ancient Greece. In Greece, there was not one myth of the creation of the world - there were patriarchal and matriarchal versions. At first there was a chaos. The gods that appeared from Chaos - Gay Earth, Eros Love, Tartar Abyss, Ereb Mraki, Nikta Night. The gods that appeared from Gay - Uranus Sky and Pont Sea. The first gods gave rise to titans. One of the matriarchal versions sounded like this: the mother of the land of Gay arose from Chaos and in a dream gave birth to uranium ("Sky"). Uranus rose to his place allotted in the sky and poured his gratitude to the mother in the form of a rain, which fertilized the land, and the seeds spawned in it awakened to life.

Patriarchal version: at first there was nothing but gay and chaos. From Chaos appeared Ereb (Darkness), from the night - ether and day. The earth gave rise to the sea, and then the Great Ocean and other children. The father of children, Uranus, conceived to destroy them, having possessing the love that Ga was experiencing to them. But the youngest of the children - the Kronos in retaling of the father, and threw off the cut-off parts into the sea - so appeared aphrodite, and the blood of uranium, falling on the ground, gave rise to Fury. Kronos became the Supreme Divine and took Rei in his wife. His children (Gestius, Demeter, Hera, Aid, Poseidon) Kronos, fearing to be overthrown, swallowed. Saving managed only to the younger - Zeus, who is supervised by Kronos in a few years. Zeus liberated his brothers and sisters and became the Supreme Divine. Zeus is one of the main gods of the ancient Greek Pantheon.

Milf myths. According to the Sumero Accade Cosmogonical Epos "Enum Elisha", Tiamata mixed his waters with Apsse, thereby giving the beginning of the world. The words of APSA and Tiamata have a dual value, in mythology they understood the names of the gods in mythology, but when writing these words in Enum Elis, there is no Dingitative Dingir, meaning "Deity", so that in this context they should be considered rather natural elements or elements, than gods.

The interesting concept of the universe created Zoroastrians. For this concept, the world has existed for 12 thousand years. All his history is conditionally divided into four periods, in each 3 thousand years.

The first period is the prevention of things and ideas. At this stage of heavenly creation, there were already sobrases of everything that was later created on Earth. This state of the world is called the menot ("invisible" or "spiritual").

The second period is the creation of a creature world, that is, the real, visible, inhabited by "creatures". Ahura Mazda creates the sky, stars, the moon, the sun, the first period and the first. Over the sphere of the Sun is the inhabitative of Ahura Mazda himself. However, Achriman begins at the same time. It invades the limits of the sky, creates planets and comets that are not subject to the uniform movement of heaven. Ahriman pollutes water, the death of the first man of Gayomart and the first man. But from the first person a man and a woman, from which the human race, is born, and all animals occur from the first fiber. From the collision of the two opposing began the whole world comes in motion: water acquires fluidity, mountains arise, celestial bodies. To neutralize the actions of "harmful" planets, Ahura Mazda puts his spirits to each planet.

The third period of the existence of the universe covers the time before the appearance of the prophet Zoroistra. During this period, the mythological heroes of the Avesta operate: the king of the Golden Age - Yim shining, in the kingdom of which there is no heat, nor the cold, no old age, or the envy - the creations of the devices. This king saves people and cattle from the Flood, building special shelter for them. Among the righteous of this time is mentioned by the ruler of a certain area of \u200b\u200bVistasp, the patron of Zoroistra.

Throughout the last, fourth period (after Zoroistra), in every millennium, people must be three savior who appear sons of Zoroistra. The last of them, Savior Sosakhynt, will solve the fate of peace and humanity. He will resurrect the dead, will destroy the evil and defeat Ahriman, after which the purification of the world will come "the flow of molten metal", and all that will remain after that, will acquire eternal life.

In China, the most important space forces were no elements, but a male and female principle, which are the main forces in the world. The famous Chinese sign Yin and Yang is the most common symbol in China. One of the most famous myths about the creation of the world is recorded in the second century BC. e. It follows from it that in deep antiquity there was only a gloomy chaos, in which two beginnings gradually were formed - Yin (gloomy) and Yang (light), which established eight leaders of world space. After establishing these directions, the Spirit Yang began to manage heaven, and the Spirit of Yin - Earth.

The earliest written texts in China were gadal inscriptions. The concept of verbost - Wen (drawing, ornament) in the beginning was designated as an image of a man with a tattoo (hieroglyph). To vi in. BC e. The concept of Wen has acquired importance - the word. Books of the Confucian Canon appeared first: the book of change - Igzin, the story of the story - Shu Jing, the book of songs - Shi Jing XI - VII centuries. BC e. The ritual books also appeared: the book of Ritual - Lee Ji, music records - Yue Ji; Chronicles of the Kingdom Lou: Spring and Autumn - Chun Qui, conversations and judgments - Lun Yu. The list of these and many other books was compiled a bath of GU (32-92. N. E.). In the book, the story of the Han dynasty he recorded all the literature of the past and his time. In I - II centuries. n. e. One of the bright collections was an exempter - nineteen ancient poems. These poems are subordinate to one main thought - the frequency of a brief moment of life. In ritual books there is the following legend about the creation of the world: the sky and the earth lived in the mixture - chaos, like the contents of the chicken egg: Pan-State live in the middle (this can be compared with the Slavic idea of \u200b\u200bthe beginning of the world, when the genus was in the egg).

Japan. Initially, there were only the vigorous oily sea of \u200b\u200bchaos, then three spirits "Kami" decided that the world should be created from this sea. The spirits gave rise to many gods and goddesses, including Izanaki, who was awarded the magic spear, and idzans. Izanaki and Izanans went down from the sky, and Izanaki began to interfere with the spear of the sea, and when he pulled out a spear, a few drops gathered on his tip, which fell back to the sea and formed an island.

Then Izanaki and Izanans discovered differences in their anatomy, as a result of which there were many wonderful things by Izans. The first creature they conceived turned out to be a leech. They put it in a cane basket and let me swim along the water. After idzans, a foam island has gone, which was useless.

The next thing that gave rise to Izansa is the island of Japan, waterfalls, mountains and other wonders of nature. Then Izanans gave rise to five perfumes, who burned her greatly, and she fell ill. Her vomiting turned into Prince and the princess of the Metal Mountains, from which all mines occurred. Her urine became a spirit of fresh water, and feces - clay.

When Izanans went down to the country of the night, Izanaka cried and decided to return his wife. But when he descended her, then her species was frightened - Izanans began to decompose. The frightened idzanaki ran away, but Izanans sent the Spirit of the night to bring him back. Running Izanaka threw his crests, which turned into grape vines and thickets bamboo, and the spirit of the night stopped to enjoy grapes and young escapes. Then Izanans sent eight pieces of thunder and all warriors from the country of the night, but Izanaki began to throw peaches in them, and they escaped. Then Izanans promised her husband that would take a thousand people every day if he would avoid her. Izanaki answered that it would be every day to give life a thousand people. So death came to the world, but the human genus did not die. When Izanaka washed away the dirt of the country of the night, the gods and goddesses - Amateras - the solar goddess and the ancestral of the emperor, the Tsukyomi-No-Mikoto - Moon and Susano-oh - God of Storms appeared.

2 Modern World Religions

Abrahamic religions are monotheistic religions originating from an ancient tradition, ascending to the Patriarch of the Semitic tribes to Abraham. All Abrahamic religions in one way or another recognize the sacred writing of the Old Testament.

The creation of the world is a single god depicted in the Bible, is one of the central dogmas of the faith of Judaism and Christianity. The main story of the creation is the first book of the Bible - Genesis. However, the interpretation of this narrative and understanding the process of creation among believers is very different.

Judaism. "Ten things were created on the first day. Here they are: sky and earth, confusion and emptiness, light and darkness, spirit and water, property of the day and property of the night. "Talmud (Hagiga Treatise 12: 1)" The word of God is created by heaven "(Tehilyim 33: 6). In the Talmudic literature about the Most High often they say: "The one who said - and the world arose." "The world has been created for ten speakers" (Avot Treatise 5: 1).

The central dogma of creation in modern Christianity is Creatio Ex Nihilo - "Creation of nothing", in which the creator who caused everything from non-existence is God in his volitional act of Lat. Productio Totius Substantia ^ Ex Nihilo Sui Et Subjecti - translating everything from the state of non-existence to the state of being. God at the same time acts and the primary cause of the existence of the world. The process of creating the world is described in the first 3 chapters of Genesis. According to the Bible, the world was created in 6 days, when the first person was created on the 6th, the last day. Part of the Christian denominations (for example, Catholics) do not require the believers to understand the first heads of being as a literal description of the creation process and permits them to consider them as an allegorical story about creating peace by God. Many of the modern Orthodox theologians are prescribed to understand this stage of the creation of the world here under the day, the duration does not correspond to the astronomical day exactly. In the original source it is the Jewish word yom (it), known to us according to the word Capacity, the container can be big and small. The six decimal rogarithms (days) almost coincide with the scientific chronology. At the same time, in modern Orthodoxy, a lot of theologians insist in a literal understanding of the first heads of the Book of Genesis. Evangelical Christians and Protestants (Lutherans, etc.) are mainly adhered to literally 6-day creation of the world.

Islam does not reject the idea of \u200b\u200ba weekly festive day, which is known, justified in the Bible message that the Lord God rested on this seventh day from work on the misconduct, but Friday is considered a festive day. "Your Lord is Allah, who created heaven and land in six days." "Al A. rAF "(7:54) According to modern researchers of the Quran, the word" ayam ", one of the translations of which -" Days ", should be interpreted as the designation of a long period of time, the epoch, and not as a" day "(twenty-four hours). "Revelation from the one who created the land and heaven." "TAX" (20: 4). "And Allah climbed to the sky, which was like smoke" "Fusilat" (41:11) "Are not unvealous see that heaven and the earth were connected, and then we divided them?" Al-Anbia (21:30) Creation of a single gaseous mass (DurChan), the elements of which, although those connected at the beginning (RATH), then become separate elements (FATG). "He made the day, night, sun and the moon. They are moving in their own circular path. " Al-Anbia (21:33) The Bible says about the sun and the moon as two lights - to control the day and control at night, and the Koran distinguishes them with different epithets: light (Nur) about the moon and a torch (Sriuraj) about the sun.

3 religions of South and East Asia

In Hinduism, there are at least three versions of the world's appearance:

from "Space Egg";

from "primary heat";

from the victim of the first battle, Purusha himself (from the parts of his body).

In the Rigveda, in addition, a certain space sexual intercouctor is mentioned. According to the author of the "Hymn on the creation of the world":

"There was no death nor immortality then.

There was no sign of the day or night.

Breathing, not hesitated air, according to his law

Something one thing, and there was nothing else, except for him.

Fertilians were. Stretching forces were.

Gusting downstairs. Satisfaction upstairs.

From where this creation appeared:

Maybe itself created itself, maybe no -

He who oversees this world on the highest sky,

Only he knows. Or maybe he does not know? "

Sikhism is a religion that arose in the medium of Hinduism and Islam, but differing from them and not recognizing continuity. Sikhi believed in a single God, Almighty and All Stronizing Creator. Its real name is not known to anyone.

God is seen from both sides - like Nirgun (Absolut) and as Sargun (a personal god inside each of the people). Until the creation, God existed as Absolute in itself, but in the process of creation he expressed himself. Before the creation there was nothing - neither paradise, nor hell, no three worlds - only formless. When God wanted to express himself (like Sargun), he first found his expression through a name, and the nature appeared through the name, in which God was dissolved and present everywhere and distributed in all directions as love.

In the cosmology of Buddhism, the repetition of cycles of the occurrence and destruction of the universe is approved. Buddhist religion does not have the concept of creating the world by the highest intangible creature - God. The emergence of each new universe is due to the action of cumulative karma of the living beings of the previous world cycle. Similarly, the cause of the destruction of the Universe, which has passed its period of existence, is the accumulated bad karma of living beings.

Each world cycle (Mahakalpa) is divided into four periods (kalps):

emptiness (from the destruction of one world before the start of the formation of another) (Famartasthekalpa);

formation (deployment) of the world (VIVARTAKALP);

stay (when space is in a stable condition) (Vivartasthayikalpa);

destruction (Cutting, Ugasania) (Savardcalp).

Each of these four Calps consists of twenty periods of increasing and descending.

With regard to the question of whether the beginning of global cycles was whether the beginning of Sansara itself has, Buddhism does not give any response. This question, similar to the issue of limb or infinity of the world, refers to the so-called "indefinite", "not having a response", about which Buddha has kept "noble silence". In one of the Buddhist sutr, this is stated:

"Inaccessible thoughts, about the monks, the beginning of Sansara. You can not know anything about the beginning of Sansary being, that, being embraced by ignorance and covered by passion, wander in its cycle from birth to birth. "

The first creature appearing in the new universe becomes Brahma, who is considered the Creator of the World in Hinduism. According to Buddhist sutra, after Brahma, thirty-three God appear, which exclaim: "This is Brahma! He is eternal, he was always! He created us all! " So explains the idea of \u200b\u200bthe appearance of faith in the existence of God-Creator. Brahma in Buddhism is not a creator, he is only the first divine creature, which is beginning to worship. Like all creatures, it is not unchanged and subordinate to the causal law of karma.

Jain Mythology contains detailed information about the structure of the world. According to it, the Universe includes the world and Nemir; The latter is not available for penetration and knowledge. The world, according to the ideas of Jains, is divided into the highest, medium and lowest and all of it consists of three as if truncated cones. In Jine mythology, the buildings of each world and those who inhabit them are described in detail: plants, animals, people, the inhabitants of hell, a huge number of deities.

The lowest world consisting of seven layers is filled with a smooth and uncleanness. Some layers are the inhabitants of hell, suffering from torture; In others - the disgusting creatures of black, similar to the ugly birds, the most punishable, constantly tormenting each other.

The middle world consists of oceans, contininets, islands. There are mountains (some of gold and silver), groves with fabulous trees, ponds covered with blooming lotus; Palaces, walls and lattices of which are sleeping with precious stones. The legends there are descriptions of rocks on which the thrones are intended for the dedication of Tirthankarov. Some of the islands belong to moon, sunny and other deities. In the center of the Middle World, the world mountain is towers, the so-called Mandara.

The highest world consists of 10 (at Schvetambarov) or 11 (at Digambares) layers. Each layer is divided into sublayers inhabited by numerous deities; Often their names are only mentioned and no description is given. In the top of the upper part, in a special monadhashtra (highest point of the universe), Siddhi is reside - the liberated souls.

In Jain, there is a huge number of deities, which differ from each other by social status: Some have the power of servants, warriors, advisers; Other descriptions resemble the earthly parlia, the most powerless and the poorest people. Depending on the position of the deity occupied in the highest, middle or lower worlds. In different kingdoms of the highest world, people and animals are reborn. After the term of the Divine Being, they can return to their past state.

According to the concept of Taoism, the creation of the Universe occurs as a result of several simple principles and stages: first there was an emptiness - U-Ji, unknown; Two main forms or energy process are formed from the vacuum: Yin and Yang. The combination and interaction of Yin and Yang form qi - energy (or oscillations) and ultimately everything that exists.

Thus, reading myths of different peoples, we deeper learn the culture and beliefs of people. Getting acquainted with them, we better understand their morals and customs.

Conclusion

People always worried about the same questions everywhere: what was before the sky and the earth appeared? Where did the first gods come from?

Myths are the oldest legends telling about the origin of the universe and man, the mystery of the birth and death, the wonders of the world, the exploits and love experiences of the gods, kings and heroes.

All the peoples of the world from ancient times created myths. They were born from the natural curiosity of people, their aspirations to understand and explain reality. In the myths are intertwined donatic ideas about nature and society, early elements of religion, philosophy, art.

Myths about the creation of the world tell us about how the world appeared on Earth, as the sky and stars, the sun and clouds appeared, from where the beasts appeared on Earth, birds, from where a person appeared.

myth world world religion

List of sources used

1.Baj E.A. Wallis Ancient Egypt: perfume, idols, gods / E.A. Wallis Baj. - M.: Centerpolygraph, 2009. - 478 p.

.Gerber H. Myths of Greece and Rome / H. Gerber; per. E. Lamanova. - M.: Centerpolygraph, 2007. - 302 p.

.Ovchinnikova A.G. Legends and myths of the Ancient East / A.G.Ochinnikov. - SPb.: Publishing House "Lite", 2002. - 512 p.

.Skoy V.Yu. World creation. Myths about Creation / V.Yu. Skosar. - [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: # "Justify"\u003e. World creation. 2 hours [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: # "Justify"\u003e. World creation. Wikipedia material - free encyclopedia. [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Creation_Mir # Cite_Note-0

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"Darkness initial" - all the same chaos, was present in the ideas of the ancient Slavs as Western and eastern.

"And there was a darkness of the original, and lived in that darkness the mother of time, the great mother of Molly and Eternity - Sva. And the heart of her, she wanted to know the laughter of the children's laugh, tender handle, and she took her warmth of his soul, and, holding in her hands, rolled into the spiral, rolled the embryo fiery. And from that fiery embryo made his son. And the son of the fiery embryo was born, and serpently born from the umbilical cord, the name of him - Firth.

And he became a snakes wise friend Son Sva - Svawy. Playing, they grew together. And it became boringly welded with his mother, for he became a young man. And he also had children of small. And he asked his mother to help him. Mother of time agreed. She took his heart and gave swallowing this snake wise. Much time passed. And once woke up Svarog. He took the Bogatyrsky staff and touched the tail of the snake-firth. And fell out of the snake egg.

His mother time picked up and, breaking, the star did. Once again, I pressed the weld with a staff on the tail of the snake of the fiery, and a child (son or daughter) was born with Goddem. So they were born all the children of his time - sva.

How does all the lives appear in the world?

Skulling Svarog, lay down on a snake-friend and curled snakes, becoming a lie for the twinth of his own. Mother of time, the goddess of eternity, wanted to surprise his son. I took the stars clear in the palm, I sorted with a snake the skin of the old, smalla all this in the dust of silver. Swan swan's hands, and dust scattered in the sky. And from that dust all the lively nodded. And there is no day, not two and not a thousand years.

The man was also made, only in the body of his great mother of just a soul invested. The soul of the one is the breath of the sleeping son of the Svarog. Maybe that is why the soul is sleeping in our body and wakes up only in a godine difficult. Maybe it's right, for, if I thought a person only about the sublime, not worrying about the bread of urgent, people would have died out. Know, born man and God, and snake. From being enclosed in it and good, and bad. Left half of the snoverene, and the right - star. It is only important to follow him, so that the bad and good, evil and good, were in balance, he will only win. If the evil will be more - the soul is burning in the flame fiery, in the flame of anger and envy. And there will be no benefit from life, no joy. Kohl welcome, it will be boring for people a person who is strongly righteous than coming. He is taken without a measure. Insertions of it not from the heart often go. Wood is such a person and ridiculous.

But the Father with Mother loves all their children. Everyone of them baby mil in his own way. Loves the Svarog and Friend's Friend Forter. Once a year, the weld is walking with the staff in the sky and from those steps of the star and the space is born, the form, time.

But not forever, like people, stars in the sky. It is not eternal and welw himself. Everything has death and birth. It will come for an hour, and destroy the Svaroga friend, friend's friend, snake fiery. He swells from graze the fire is fatigious, like a thousand hot suns. And the stars in the flame will die. And all living things will die in the light of white. But, dilding, will be revived. There will be an update. So it was already so it will be. And at the death of gods and snake of the fiery, the souls of them and the soul of people in a single whole, in one common spiral, and makes it a whole mother of time. And add to it a particle of his soul. And it will appear from this with time the embryo fiery, and fire, earth and water will appear, and first everything will happen, and it will return to the circles. So it was, there will be ... "

According to some, the world created Allah, Yahweh, God is united - how not to call, but we are obliged to him. Not a big explosion, not natural space processes, but creating, which, in opinion, looks like Alanis Morisette. But it was not always that, once every people offered their version of creating a life with the participation of sweat, masturbating gods and other heresy.

Scandinavians

According to Scandinavians, it was first an emptiness with a difficult name of Ginunghap. Next to the void, as it should be, was the frozen world of Mraka Niflheim, and in the south lay the fiery hot country of the Muselchaim. And here the elementary physics begins. Some ancient Scandinavian, noticing that frost appears on the contact of ice and the fire, risked to suggest that from such a neighborhood gradually the world emptiness was filled with poisonous innese. What happens when the poison is melting? It usually turns into evil giants. It happened here the same thing happened and an evil giant was formed from Inea, whose name gives Muslim notes. Simply put, IMIR. He was punish, but since it, according to James Brown, "Male World", then we will call him as a man.

There was nothing to do in this emptiness, and, the charter hanging in the air, Imir fell asleep. And then the most delicious thing begins. Considering that there is nothing intimate sweat (meaning the secondary urine, and not a Cambodian dictator), and invented that the sweat driving from him from under his mice turned into a man and a woman, from which he went to the Giant. And the sweat, dripping from the legs, gave rise to worksholder - a giant with six heads. Here is the story of the occurrence of the Giant. Yes, and with a turn.

And the ice continued to melt everything, and, hesitation, that you need to eat something, they invented a cow with the beautiful name to Auda, arising from the melt of water. Imir began to drink her milk, and she liked licking salty ice. By slipping the ice, she discovered a man under him, his name was the storms, the progenitor of all the gods. How did he come there? This fantasy was not enough.

The storm had a son Borone, who married an ineistent Giant Bestley, and they had three sons: one, Vili and Ve. The sons of the storm hated imir and killed him. The reason is a purely noble: IMIR was evil. From the body of the murdered Imir, there was a lot of blood that she sank all the giants, except Bergelmir, the grandson of imir, and his wife. They managed to escape from flooding in a boat made from a tree trunk. Where did the tree come from in emptiness? Why do you care! Found, and that's it.

Then the brothers decided to create such that the world did not see. His universe with a Dracar and Vikings. One and his brothers brought the body of Imir to the center of Ginunghaps and created the world from him. Throw the flesh in the blood - and the Earth became. Blood, respectively, the ocean. From the skull turned out to be the sky, and the brain scattered across the sky, and the clouds turned out. So the next time, flying in the plane, catch yourself at the idea that you in the skull of a giant on a huge bird cut the giant brains.

The gods left without attention only the part in which the giants lived. It was called Etunheim. They burned down the best part of this world and settled people there, calling her Midgard.
Finally, the gods created people. Of two wood bitch, a man and a woman, ASK and Embra (which is typical). All other people occurred from them.

The latter built an impregnable fortress asgard, which rose highly over Midgard. These two parts were combined with a rainbow bridge. Among the gods, patrons of people, there were 12 gods and 14 goddesses (they were called "aces"), as well as a whole company of other deities in bed (Vanov). All this premises of the gods crossed the rainbow bridge and settled in Asgard.
Over this multi-layer world grew ash ash igdrasil. His roots sprouted in Asgard, Etunheim and Niflheim. The eagle and hawk were sitting on the branches of Igdrasil, a squirrel was rushed along the trunk and down, the roots were inhabited by the roots, and the snakes of Nidhegg, who wanted to eat all.

Here is the beginning of one of the most wonderful world mythologies. Reading the "senior" and "younger" EDD will not for a second, will make you regret the time spent.

Slavs

Let us turn to our ancestors, as well as to the ancestors of Poles, Ukrainians, Chekhov and other Slavic peoples. Some one definite myth did not exist, there were several of them, and no one causes approval from the ROC.

There is a version that it all started from God God. Before the white light was born, the world was shrouded in thick darkness. In this darkness there was only a genus - the progenitor of all things. To the question that was before - an egg or chicken, Slavs would answer that the egg, because the genus was concluded. It was not very easy to sit in the egg, and some magical way, some of the best of their promiscuity understood what kind of love gave birth, which Ironically called Lada, and the power of love destroyed the dungeon. So began the creation of the world. The world was filled with love.

At the beginning of the creation of the world, the king of heaven gave birth to the kingdom, and under him created the imminent one. The rainbow was cut by umbilical cord, and a stone firm separated the ocean from heavenly water. Then there were economic trivia like the separation of light and darkness. Then God rod gave birth to the earth, and the land plunged into the dark abyss, in the ocean. From his face, the sun was then, the moon - from his chest, the stars of heaven - from his eyes. The zori clear appeared from the eyebrows of the family, dark nights - from his Dum, the buoy winds - from his breath, rain, snow and hail - from his tears. Thunder and lightning is nothing but his voice. Actually, the genus is all the living, the father of all the gods and everything.

Heaven gave birth to heavenly Svarog, and breathed his mighty spirit into him, and he gave him a very useful ability to look at all directions at the same time, so that nothing fell down. It is the Svarog that is responsible for changing the day and night and for the creation of the Earth. He makes it get to land, hidden under the ocean, gray duck. More worthy did not find.

At first, the duck did not appear for a year, could not get the land, then the Svarog sent it to the earth again, she did not appear for two years and did not bring it again. For the third time I could not stand the race, Prettyly, hit the refinement and gave her a flat strength, and a shocked duck was absent for three years, until she brought in the beak. I remembered the Svarog earth - the winds blurred the land with his palm, and she fell into the sea blue. Her sun turned around, the earth stuck on top of a crust, cooled her moon. He approved three codes in it - three underground kingdoms. And so that the Earth does not leave again into the ocean, the race gave birth under her a powerful snake of Yuch.

In the Carpathian Slavs it was considered that nothing but the blue sea and oak was not. As they appeared there, it is not specified. Two positive doves were sitting on the oak, who decided to bring fine sand from the naval bottom to create a black mill, the "student Wirch and Zelena Grass" and the Golden Stone, from which the blue sky is made, the sun, month and all the stars.

As for the creation of a person, no natural selection, of course, was not. Magnies talked the following. God washed in the bath and sweated, rod with a cloth and threw her from heaven to Earth. And Satan hung up with God, who will create a man from her. And created the devil of man, and God put in his soul, because he would die, his body goes to the ground, and the soul - to God.

It is found at the Slavs and an ancient legend about the creation of people in which it was not without eggs. God, cutting the eggs on the halves, threw them on the ground. Here, from one half a man was obtained, and from another - a woman. Men and women formed from the halves of one eggs find each other and marry. Some halves got into the swamp and died there. Therefore, some are forced to spend all their lives alone.

China

The Chinese have their own considerations about how the world arose. The most popular myth can be called the myth about Pan-Gu, a man-giant. The plot is as follows: at the dawn, the sky and the earth were close to each other so much that they merged into a single black mass. According to the legend, this mass was nothing but an egg that was a symbol of life almost every nation. And Pan-GU lived inside it, and lived for a long time - many millions of years. But one day, such a life was tired of him, and, having faded with a hunched ax, Pan-State got out of his egg, the splits of him into two parts. These parts subsequently became the sky and the earth. He was an unimaginable - such as fifty kilometers long, which, according to the standards of the ancient Chinese, was the distance between the sky and the earth.

Unfortunately for Pan-Gu and fortunately for us, Colossus was mortal and, like all mortals, died. And then Pan-State departed. But not as we do. Pan-GU departed truly cool: his voice turned into thunder, his skin and bones became a solid, and his head became space. So, his death gave life to our world.

Ancient Armenia

Armenian legends are very similar to Slavic. True, Armenians have no clear answer to how the world occurred, but there is an interesting explanation of how it is arranged.

Sky and Earth are a husband and a wife who divided the ocean. The sky is a city, and the Earth is a piece of rock, which is holding no less huge bull on his huge horns. When he shakes the horns, the earth cracks on the seams from earthquakes. Here, in fact, all - so Armenians represented themselves.

There is an alternative myth, where the land is in the middle of the sea, and Leviafan swims around it, trying to grasp it for his own tail, and the constant earthquakes also explained his bultias. When Leviafan finally hesitates his tail, the life on Earth will stop and come apocalypse. Have a nice day.

Egypt

Egyptians have several myths about with the creation of the Earth, and one more striking than the other. But this one is the most original. Thanks to the cosmogony of Heliopol for such details.

At the beginning was the Great Ocean, the name of which was "Nu", and was this ocean chaos, and there was nothing besides him. There was no, until Atum, the effort of will and thoughts did not create herself from this chaos. And you complain about the lack of motivation ... But further - more and more interesting. So he created himself, now it was necessary to create land in the ocean. What he did. After waging on the ground and realizing my total loneliness, the Atumu became unbearably boring, and decided he was still the gods. How? Close to the hill and began to make his black business, desperately masturbating.

Thus, from the seed of Atum, Shu and Tefnut were born. But, apparently, he stopped, and the newborn gods were lost in the ocean of chaos. Atuum burned, but soon, to his relief, after all, I found and re-found my children. He was so glad to reunion, which was for a long time crying, and his tears, touching the earth, fertilized her - and people have grown out of the ground, many people! Then, while people fertilize each other, Koitus occurred at Shu and Tefunut, and they gave life to other gods - Gebu and Chickow, that became the personification of the Earth and the sky.

There is another myth in which Atuma replaces RA, but this does not change the main essentially - there, too, all each other is massively fertilized.

The beginning of this topic you can see here:

We will continue to get acquainted with various myths about the creation of the world.

Chinese.

Scandinavians.

According to the Scandinavians, first was the emptiness of the hynunghap. To the north of it was a frozen world of Mraka Niflheim, and in the south lay the fiery red-hot country of Muspelheim. From such a neighborhood, gradually the global emptiness of Ginungagap was filled with poisonous Intea, which began to melt and turned into an evil insicuity of the Giant Imir. IMIR was the ancestor of all the giant frosts.
Then Imir fell asleep. While he slept, sweat driving from him from under the mice, turned into a man and a woman, and sweat dripping from his feet, in one man. When a lot of ice melted, the cow of the Audum originated from the resulting water. Imir began to drink her milk, and she liked licking salty ice. By slipping the ice, she discovered a man under him, his name was storms.
The storm had a son Borhore Bor married an ineiste Giant Bestley and they had three sons that were born: one, Vili and Ve. The sons of the storm hated imir and killed him. From the body of the murdered Imir, there was a lot of blood that she sank all the giants, except Bergelmir, the grandson of imir, and his wife. They managed to escape from flooding in a boat made from a tree trunk.
One and his brothers brought the body of Imir to the center of Ginunghaps and created the world from him. From the flesh of imir made the ground, from the blood of the ocean from the skull turned out to be the sky. And the brain scattered into the sky, it turned out clouds.
The gods left without attention only the part in which the giants lived. It was called Etunheim. They burned out the best part of this world and settled people there, calling her Midgard.
Finally, the gods created people. Of two wood bitch, a man and a woman, Ask and Emblem turned out. All other people occurred from them.
The latter was built by an impregnable fortress Asgard, which rose highly over Midgard. These two parts were combined with a rainbow bridge. Among the gods, the patrons of people, there were 12 gods and 14 goddesses (they called Assa), as well as a whole company of other deities, beds (Vanov). All this premises of the gods crossed the rainbow bridge and settled in Asgard.
Over this multi-layer world grew ash ash igdrasil. His roots sprouted in Asgard, Etunheim and Niflheim. The eagle and hawk were sitting on the branches of Igdrasil, a squirrel was rushed along the trunk and down, the roots were inhabited by the roots, and the snakes of Nidhegg, who wanted to eat all. Igdrasil is what has always been, there will be.

Greeks.

At the beginning, there was a relaxed, dimensionless chaos, then Gaia (Earth) appeared with a deeply airing tartar in her depths (the abyss) and the eternal, which existed long before them the cause of attraction - Eros. The same name of the Greeks called the God of love, accompanying the goddess of Love Aphrodite, but Eros, who was at the beginning of the Universe, excludes any feeling. Eros can be compared with the power of world gravity - it is similar to the law. This force has led to chaos and land in motion. Chaos produces a feminine start - night and male start - Ereb (darkness). The night gave rise to the Tanat (death), sleep (hypnos), a huge number of dreams, the goddesses of the fate - Moyer, the goddess of Retribudia Nemoxida, deception, old age. The rivalry and partnership of Erid, which had exhaust work, hunger, sorrow, battles, murders, false words, litigation, biblies, murders, false words, litigation, and lawlessness, but also a fairly fair orc, punishing anyone who gives a false oath. And from the connection of the night with Ereb was born transparent air and a shining day - light from darkness!
According to the myth of the origin of the world, after, Gay was awakened: at first it was born by Uranus (heaven), then rose from her mountain depths, their wooded slopes filled the nymphs born by her, blown on the plains of Pont (sea). The coverage of the Earth led to the appearance of the gods of the first generation - they were twelve: six brothers and six sisters, mighty and beautiful. Not the only ones were children from the Union of Gay and Uranus. Gay was also on the light of three huge ugly cyclops with a large round eye in the middle of his forehead, and after them are three more titled storuchny giants. Titans, by taking their sisters to his wife, filled out the expanses of the Mother Earth and the Head's father with their offspring: they gave the beginning of the tribe of the most ancient generation. The older of them, the ocean, there were three thousand daughters, beautiful Oceanid, and as many river flows covered with the whole land. Another pair of titans produced Helios (Sun) Selena (Moon), EOS (Zaraka) and numerous stars. The third pair gave rise to the winds of Borey, a note and marshmallow. Titan Japet could not boast of as abundant offspring as his older brothers, but he became famous for a few, but the great sicks: the Atlanta, who took the heavy wear of the Heavenly Code to his shoulders, and Promethem, the most noble from Titans.
The younger son of gay and uranium was crowns, daring and impatient. He did not want to demolish like the arrogant patronage of the older brothers and the authorities of his own father. Perhaps he would not have decided to raise his hand on him, encroaching on the Supreme Power, if not a mother of Gay. She shared with the outrageous son of a long sentence on his spouse: he asked Uranus for the deformity of sons - storuchny giants and sharpened them in her dark depths. Crowns, under the cover of Nikti and with the help of Mother Gay, captured fatherly power. Taking her sister to his wife Rei, the crowns laid the beginning of a new tribe, to which people gave the name of the gods. However, the cunning crown was afraid of his offspring, because he himself raised his hand on his father, and so that no one would deprive his power, began to swallow his own children immediately after their birth. Gorky complained about Rie and received advice from her, how to save the next baby. When the child was born, Gay herself covered it in one of the inaccessible caves, and Reia handed the spouse a ferrous stone.
Meanwhile, Zeus (so called the mother of a saved baby) grew in the cave hidden from the eye on the slopes of a wooded goda, the highest mountain of Crete Island. He was guarded by the young men, jackets and Coribants, drowning children's shock with blows of copper shields and the bumping of weapons, and Amalfy, the noblest of the goats, fed him with his milk. In gratefulness for this, Zeus, after studying the place at Olympus, constantly cared for her, and after death, she ascended her to the sky so that she would always shine in the constellation. Interestingly, Zeus left the skin of his cormalitsa, making the shield from it - the sign of the highest power. This shield was called "aegid", which in Greek and meant - "goat". According to him, Zeus received one of its most common epithets - egid-containing. Horn, which Amalfoy randomly broke back during his earthly life, the Vladyka of the gods turned into a horn of abundance and gave his daughter Airen, the patronage of the world.
Misiroval, Zeus became stronger than his father and not in cunning, like crowns, and in a honest match, he made him and forced him to spew out of the womb of swallowed brothers and sisters: Aida, Poseidon, Gera, Demeter and Gesty. So, according to the myth of the origin of the world, an end to the era of Titans came, who filled out a few of their heavenly and earthly expanses by several of their generations, "The Era of Olymps Gods began.

Zoroastrians.

In the distant past, there was nothing before the creation of the world: neither warmth, no light, no living beings on earth and in heaven. In an immense space, there was only one gravan - endless eternity. It was empty and lonely, and then he had an idea about the creation of the world. He wondered to be born his son. The desire was extremely great that the Zranman began to commit sacrifices for a thousand years. And two sons in his womb originated in his womb and Ariman. The Zranman decided that he would give his first-breed son Ormuzdu power over the whole world. Ormazd read the thoughts of his father and told Ahriman about them. However, evil was already then the essence of Ariman, and he, to be born first, hastily swaying the shell of his father, appeared to light. Evil Ariman stated Father: "I am your son, Ormazh". He looked at the Zranvan on the ugly, filled with the darkness of Ahriman and buried: he didn't wait for it. Immediately, the Ariman from the womb seemed to the ORMAD, emitting light. Achriman, the thirsty of power over the world, was a younger brother, but the first cunning was born. Therefore, he dazko reminded the mirror that it was him to rule the world, as was promised. The gravan answered Ariman: "Sgin, unclean! I will make you king, but only for nine thousand years, but Ormazd will have power over you, and after the end of the allotted time the kingdom will be given to Ormuzdu and he will fix everything according to his will."
So, after the creation of the world, he was divided into two parts. The place of stay of Ormuzda, permanent and limitless in time, performed by omniscience and virtues, pierces endless light. The region, subject to Ariman, located in darkness, ignorance and the passion of destruction, which was, is, but will not always exist, called the abyss. Between the light and dark abyss, there was an emptiness in which endless light and endless darkness mixed. Ormáred began the creation of the perfect world, shed a particle of his pure light into the abyss, who separated him from Achriman. But Ariman rose from the gloom, as was predicted. A cunning younger brother who does not possess ought, did not know about the existence of Ormuzda, and so much went into rage from the world's creation, which announced the war to all of the creation. Ormyred tried to convince Ariman that there was no benefit from such a war, and he does not hold any evil on his brother. However, did not listen to Ariman, because I decided: "If the omnipotent officer is trying to solve the case peacefully, then he is powerless." He did not know Ahriman, which is not able to hurt his brother to his own, but can only harm the harm to the existence, "only omniscient Ormazhd knew about it.
The brothers allocated nine thousand years from the beginning of the creation of the world: the first three thousand years of events will take place by the will of Ormuzda, the next three thousand years - the will of Ormuzda and Ariman are mixed, and in the past three thousand years, evil Ariman will be existed and their confrontation will stop due to creation . I showed Ormongov Ahriman my victory at the end of the story: the powerlessness of the evil spirit and the destruction of divov, the resurrection of the dead, the final embodiment and the future reassuring creation forever. And ran in the fear of Ariman back in darkness. And although he fled, but continued the insane struggle against creation - created divis and demons that rose to intimidate. The first thing that Ariman was created is a lie, which is pushing the world. Ormyzd, created himself eternal immortal satellites: good thought, truth, obedience, dedication, integrity and immortality. Then he created the beautiful angels who became the hearts of Ormuzda and the defenders of good. I continued the creation of the world: he created the sky and land, and between them created the light, stars, the moon and the sun. I defined the all-time places for everyone so that they are always ready for battle with evil and saved.

Arikar Indians.

The Great Heavenly Spirit, Nesaar, who is sometimes called the Great Mystery, was the Lord of all creation. Under the sky, the bustle sea was spread, on which two ducks were always floated. Nesaar created two brothers, a wolf and a happy man who commanded ducks to dive into the bottom of the Great Sea and bring a little land. From this land, the Wolf created great plains, and a happy man - hills and mountains.
Two brothers descended under the ground and found two spiders. They explained to spiders, how to multiply. Two spiders gave rise to many species of animals and plants, as well as people. In addition, they spawned races of evil giants.
These giants were so angry that Nesaar in the end had to destroy them, the Great Flood. People loved Naorear and saved them from death.

Indians Huron.

Initially, nothing but water was not. Only a wide-wide sea. The only inhabitants of him were animals. They lived on water, under water or flew through the air.
Then a woman fell from the sky.
Two polar gagars flew past and managed to pick her up on their wings. However, Nosha was too heavy. Gagars were afraid that the woman would chase and she drowns. They appeal loudly about help. All the creatures flew on them and sailed.
The Great Sea Turtle said:
- Lower the celestial to my back. Nowhere she will not go with my wide back.
Gagars did.
Then the Council of the Beasts began to think about how to be further. The wise sea turtle said that the woman needs the earth.
All the beasts took turns began to dive on the bottom of the sea, but no one did not reach the bottom. Finally, dived toad. There was a lot of time before it appeared again and brought a handful of land. She gave this land to the woman. Woman scattered her on the back of the turtle. So there was a dry.
Over time, trees have grown on it, rivers flowed.
The children of the very first woman began to live.
To this day, the Earth rests on the back of the Great Sea Turtle.

Maya Indians.

A long time ago there were neither people nor animals nor stones nor trees. There was nothing. It was a beless and sad plain, covered with waters. In the twilight silence, the deities of heat, Cukumats and Huracan were inhabited. They talked and came to an agreement that he had to do.
They burned the light, which first lit the land. The sea retreated, exposing the land that could be processed and on which flowers and trees flourished. Beautiful fragrance ascended to the sky from the newly created forests.
The gods rejoiced their creations. However, they thought that the trees should not remain without servants and keepers. Then they placed on the branches and near the trunks of animals of all kinds. Animals remained immobile until the gods ordered each of them: - You will go drink water from rivers. You will go to sleep in the cave. You will walk on four legs, and one day your back will know the severity of portable cargo. And you, the bird, you will live in the branches and fly through the air, without fear to fall.
Animals obeyed orders. The gods thought that all living beings should be placed in their natural environment, but should not live in silence, as silence is a synonym for devastation and death. Then they gave them voices. But animals only knew how to scream, without knowing how to say a single intelligent word.
The sorry gods were consulted and turned to animals: - As you failed to understand who we are, you will always live in fear of others. Some of you will be able to devour others without any disgust.
Hearing these words, animals tried to speak. However, from their sip and pastes, only screams were departed. Animals conquered and accepted the verdict: they soon began to pursue and sacrificing, and meat to cook and there are much more reasonable creatures that had to be born.

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"Excelsior-2011"

Section History

Myths about the creation of the world

student

Ivanova Ealina, Grade 6

Scientific adviser:

Izosimova Nadezhda Aleksandrovna, history teacher

Content

• Introduction
• I.. Myths about the creation of the universe from the world egg
• Ancient China
• Ancient indium
• Slavic mythology
• II.. Myths about the creation of the world of the primary ocean
• Ancient Egypt
• Sumerian mythology
• III. Bible about the creation of the world
• Conclusion
• Literature

Introduction

All modern people know how our world is arranged. We live on planet Earth, which, together with other planets, revolves around the Sun. Our solar system enters the galaxy with many other galaxies ...

The question of the construction of the universe is inseparable from the question of its origin. A person at all times worried where this world came from and what the main stages of his formation took.

In any national traditional culture there are myths explaining the origin of the Universe and Human, as well as telling about the initial stage of the existence of the Earth. This part of mythology in science is called cosmogonia, and the myths are cosmogonic.

Cosmogonic myths, myths about the creation, myths about the origin of the Universe from Chaos, the main initial story of the majority of mythologies. Start with the description of chaos (emptiness), the lack of order in the universe, the interaction of the initial elements. The main motives of cosmogonic myths are the structuring of the outer space and time, the separation of the gods of the earth and the sky, the establishment of the space axis - global wood, shining (division of the day and night, light and darkness), the creation of plants and animals. Creation is completed, as a rule, creating a person.

Different peoples exist myths about the origin of the world from the world's egg, the primary ocean, the God-Creator.

The purpose of the work: to identify the similarities and differences in the myths about the creation of the world of various peoples;

Tasks: analysis of myths from the point of view of their origin;

Object of the study: the myths of the peoples of the world on the creation of the world;

Hypothesis: the creation of the world from the world's egg, from the primary ocean and the God-Creator.

Research Method: Acquaintance with myths about the creation of the world and their analysis.

creation World Myth Bible

I. Myths about the creation of the Universe from the World Egg

Ancient China

Initially, the universe was like an egg. In this egg originated by itself

Ancient indium

Initially there was nothing. There was no sun, nor the moon, no star. Only water

stretched infinitely. At the beginning of all, the original space waters spawned fire. The power of the cosmic heat - Tapas - the egg was born in the waters. It swam in the waters, when the time has not yet measured, but through the gap, equal to year, the creator of the Brahma Universe arose from the golden embryo. Brahma of the power of thought divides the egg into two halves: from one it is created by the sky, from the other - the earth; Airspace arises between them. Brahma approved the land among the waters, created the parties of the world - no wonder he has four faces and four hands - and began counting time. But when the Creator looked around and saw that the Universe was empty, the fear of loneliness embraced him. Since then, every person is afraid of loneliness. Brahma continued to reflect and established himself in the thoughts that it was possible to be afraid of something. There is someone to be afraid, but the existence of it is impossible. Then Brahma by the power of thought gave birth to seven sons - Vladyk all creatures. Senior - Marichi, the embodiment of the starry light, he was born from Brahma's soul. From his eyes, his second son - Atriya was born. From the mouth was born Angiras, the mediator between people and gods. Fourth - Pulasty - from the right ear, and from the left - Pulak. The sixth son of Kratou was born from Brahma's nostrils. The younger - the seventh son of Brahma became Daksha, born of a thumb on his right foot; From the finger on his left leg was born the only daughter - Virini. They produced numerous offspring with Daksha, their children became constellations in the sky.

Slavic mythology

At the beginning of the time the world was in darkness. But the Almighty revealed the Golden Egg, in which the genus was concluded - the parent of all things. Rod gave birth to love - Lada Mother and, the power of love destroying his dungeon, gave rise to the universe - countless star worlds, as well as our earthly world.

The sun came out then from his face.

The month is light - from his chest.

Stars are frequent - from his eyes.

Zori clear - from his eyebrows.

Nights are dark - yes from the spirit of it.

Buus winds - from breathing.

So the genus gave rise to everything that we see around, all that in the way, is all that we call nature. The genus separated the world visible, yielded, that is, the Yava, from the world of invisible, spiritual - from Novi. The genus separated the truth from Kryvda. In the chariot of fire, the thunder has approved the thunder. The god of the Sun of the Republic of Armenia, who came out of the face of the kind, was approved in the Golden Boat, and the month is in Silver. The genus I went out of my mouth the Spirit of God - Mother's Bird. God's spirit gave birth to Svary - Heavenly Father. Svarog finished the peacekeeping. He became the master of the earthly world, the Lord of God's kingdom. Svarog approved twelve pillars supporting the sky. From the word of the Almighty, God created God Barm, who began to mumble of prayers, glorifying, telling Vedas. He also gave birth to the Spirit Barma, his wife Tarusu. The genus became a heavenly spring and spawned the waters of the Great Ocean. From the ocean water foam was a global duck, which gave birth to many gods - Yasuni and Dunov Dasune. Rod gave birth to a cow Zemun and Goat Seduni, milk broke out of their gifts and was the Milky. Then he created the Alatyr stone, which he began to bring down this milk. The mother of cheese is created from the oil obtained after the smell of oil.

All three myths combines the overall idea of \u200b\u200bthe origin of the world from the egg. The creator originates from the egg, which subsequently separates the land from the sky and creates all living things.

II. Myths about the creation of the world of the primary ocean

Ancient Egypt

Long ago, many millions of years ago there was chaos - the endless and bottomless ocean. This ocean was called NUN. Gloomy he represented the spectacle! The petrified cold water of Nune seemed forever froze in immobility. Nothing disrupted rest. Held a century, millennium, and the Ocean NUN remained motionless. But one day a miracle happened. The water suddenly frolved, slept, and the great God of ATUM appeared on the surface. - I exist! I'm creating the world! I have no father and there is no mother; I am the first God in the universe, and I will create other gods! With an incredible effort at ATUM broke away from the water, he wondered over the abyss and, waiting his hands, said a magic spell. In the same moment a deafening roar was heard, and among the foam splashes from the puchin, the hill of Ben-Ben. Atum went down to the hill and began to reflect on what to do next. I will create a wind - so I thought ATUM. Without wind, this ocean will again zoked and will remain a fixed forever. And I will create a goddess of rain and moisture - so that the ocean water subordinate to her. And Atuum created God Wind Shu and Goddess Tefunut - a woman with a fierce lion's head. It was the first divine pair on earth. But the misfortune happened. The impenetrable gloom still enveloped the universe, and in the dark of Chaos Atum lost his children. How much he called them, how much he shouted, the stunning water desert crying and silent, the answer he was silence. In complete despair, Atuum drew his eyes and, referring to him, exclaimed: - My eyes! Do what I tell you. Go to the ocean, Looking for my children Shu and Tefnut and return them to me. The eye went to the ocean, and Atuum sat down and began to wait for his return. Having lost finally all hope to see their children again, Atum shouted: - About the grief! What to do me? Not only, I forever lost my son Shu and my daughter Tefnut, I also lost my eyes in addition! And he created a new eye and placed it in his empty wrist. The faithful eye after many years of searches still found them in the ocean. It's hardly shu and tefunut stepped on the hill, God rushed to them to meet them, so that they quickly hug them, as suddenly the eye, all the dusty from the rage, jumped to Atumu and was angry: - What does it mean?! I don't care if I went to the ocean Nun and returned to you lost children! I served you a great service, and you. "Don't be angry," said Atuum. - I will put you on my forehead, and you will be contemplating the world from there, which I will create, you will admire His beauty. But the offended eye did not want to listen to any excuses. In an effort by all means, to punish God for a betrayal, he turned into a poisonous snake Cobru. With a threatening hiss of Cobra, I swelled the neck and exposed deadly teeth aimed right in Atuma. However, God took a calmly snake in his hands and placed on his forehead. Since then, the eye-snake decorates the crown of gods and pharaohs. This snake is called urea. White lotus grew out of the ocean water. The bud revealed, and from there the God of the Sun of the Republic of Armenia flew out, who brought the world a long-awaited light. Seeing Atuma and his children, Ra ripened from joy. His tears fell to the ground and turned into people.

Sumerian mythology

Long ago, when there was no sky, neither the earth, Tiamat lived - the goddess of sweet waters, Apsse is the god of salted waters, and their son is a fog rising over the water.

Then Tiamat and Apsse born two couples twins: Lahma and Lahama (demons), and then - Anshar and Kisher, who were smarter and stronger than the elders. Anshara and Kishar had a child named Anna. Anna became the God of Heaven. Anna was born Ea. This is the God of groundwater, magic. The younger gods are Lahma, Lahama, Anshar, Kishar, Anna and Ea - every night gathered on a noisy feast. They prevented Apsse and Tiamat. Only Mumma, the eldest son Apsu and Tiamat, did not participate in these fun. Apsu and Mummu turned to younger gods with a request to stop the festivities, but they did not list. The elders decided to kill all those interfering to sleep.

Ea decided to kill Apsse, who started a conspiracy against the younger.

Tiamat decided to take revenge for her husband's death. Her new husband, the God of King, in every way supported this thought. So, Tiamat and King have developed a revenge plan. Learning about the Tiamat Plan, Ea appealed for advice to Grandfather Anchra. Anshar suggested to hit Tiamat with the help of magic, because with her husband dealt with it in this way. But the magical forces of EA do not act on Tiamat. Anu, Father Ea, tried to form an angry goddess, but nothing came out. Since the magic and negotiations have not led to anything, it remains to turn to physical strength. Who to send to the battle? Everyone decided that this is only a Marduk. Anshar, Anu and Ea dedicated young Mardook the secrets of Divine Magic. Marduk is ready to fight Tiamat, as a reward for victory requires the undivided authority of the Supreme God. Young Marduk collected all Annunakov (as the gods called himself), so that they approved the war with the Supreme Goddess and recognized him with their king. Anshar sent his secretary to Kaku to call Lahm, Lahama, Kishar and Damkina. Having learned about the upcoming war, the gods came to horror, but a good dinner with a lot of wine calmed them. In addition, Marduk demonstrated his magical strength, and the gods recognized him by the king. For a long time the merciless battle lasted. Tiamat fought desperately. But Marduk won the goddess. Marduk removed from King "Fate Tables" (they determined the movement of the world and the course of all events) and put on their own neck. He killed tiamat he slammed into two parts: from one made the sky, from the other - the Earth. People were created from the blood of the killed king.

What should be allocated from these myths ... and in the Sumerian and in Egyptian mythology we find the concept of the initial existence of only one bustal ocean, which was in itself. This ocean was lifeless. Then the gods are born from the ocean, which give rise to other deities, with many relatives, and create the whole world. The gods are creating people. That is, in these myths, three main steps are traced, following one by one: 1 - the existence of the original ocean, 2 - the birth of gods and the creation of the world, 3 - the creation of a person.

III. Bible about the creation of the world

Christianity considers the emergence of the Universe as the creation of a single God-Creator. God created the whole world in six days: "God created the sky and the earth at first. The lands were anhydrous and empty, and darkness over the vigilance; and the Spirit of God rushed over the water. And God said: Yes, there will be a light. And there was a light. And God will be The light that he is good: And God separated the light from darkness. And God called the light in the afternoon, and darkness at night. And there was evening, and it was morning: one day. And God said: Yes, it will be talked in the midst of water, and it separates water from Waters. And it became like this. On the third day he collected all the waters on the ground. So the ocean appeared, and sushi appeared from the water. On the fourth day he created two shines: one to shine in the afternoon, and the other - at night. Fish and reptiles, as well as birds in heaven. And the sixth day created all the animals wandering on the ground. Then God created a man in the image and likeness to his own way, and in the seventh day God rested from his works and blessed this day by making it a holiday For eternal times.

A distinctive feature of the biblical myth is that the True Creator of Man is a single God Creator. The whole world was created only for the sake of Genesis, which is the way God and which is intended to reign over the world. And in mythologies, the appearance of a person looks a secondary event against the background of the origin of the gods. The creation of the world for six days is consistent, stepped. After the next stage of creation, God characterizes the pristine nature and creature as perfect in his eyes. This recognition in myths is not. The biblical understanding of the creation of peace and humans is different from the myths about the creation of the world from the egg and the primary ocean.

Conclusion

Cosmogonic myths of the peoples of the world are an integral part of mythology. In their material, the general and differences are clearly traced. There is an interpenetration of cultures and this is exactly what the similarity of the motives and elements in the myths of different nations are explained.

These myths will be transmitted from generation to generation. They will be eternal. And I think that the secrets of the universe will always be attacked by a person.

Literature

1. Myths about the creation of the world / V.Ya. Petrukhin. - M: Astrel: AST: Suite, 2005.

2. Myths of Ancient India / E.N. Temkin. - M: Science, 1976.

3. Religion of Ancient Egypt / MA Korostovtsy. - M: Science, 1976.

4. History of the ancient world / A.A. Vigasin. - M: Education, 1993.

5. http: // RU. wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BC. % D0% B8% D1% 80% D0% B0_% D0% B2_% D0% 91% D0% B8% D0% B1% D0% BB% D0% B8% D0% B8

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