Among the various buildings of houses, the construction of the framework option is not considered a very complex and financially cost project. This process can be done with your own hands without resorting to the services of professional builders. The main point in the construction of such a house is the requirement to ensure the reliability of the consolidation and protection of elements from the wood from moisture. Middle service life frame house for proper care Not less than half a century.
Principal features in the design of frame walls
The wall of the frame house is similar to the pie, where the insulation, waterproofing and vaporizolation will be stuffing. The design is considered simple in its structure and consists of such elements as:
- testing on both sides;
- thermal insulation;
- parohydrozolation;
- dRAKO;
- frame rack;
- lower strand.
What materials are used in construction
The cut of the racks of the frame house should be at least 50 square centimeters and can be made of logs or bars. The width of the racks is selected taking into account the used heat insulator.
IN lately As a heater, mineral wool was popularly used. It has a multitude of positive characteristics. But people continue to use for insulation and other non-heavy materials. An example of such a insulation will serve as a foam, slags, organic materials, such as peat, reed. When using organic insulation, do not forget to produce their antiseptic processing. When insulating with bulk materials such as slag or sawdust, it should be remembered that the smaller their mass, the more they have the heat insulating effect.
Materials for finishing the walls of a frame house
For interior decoration Use materials such as any boards, fiberboard, plywood, plasterboard. Some of the selected materials are considered to be poisonous, so when the walls are internal finishing, it should be paid to the moisture resistance of a material that, for example, will be located on the bathroom.
Unfielded or profiled boards are most often used for the external sheat device. The boards are stacked horizontally.
In the outer trim, the profiled or non-philiated sample board is usually used. They are placed in a horizontal position. When using an unprofilated option, it is customary to do the brass. Profiled boards are located closely.
Stages of work
Preparation of the required material and tools for work
To build walls of a frame house, you will need the following tool: antiseptics, drakel file, kitchen, drill, plumb, knife, water level, metal line, spatula, screwdriver, electrolovka, Bulgarian.
Walling
The construction of walls begins from installation on the laid waterproofing waterproofing laid. It is aligned in the corners and horizontal. Then the lag is made in the design grooves. Lagas are attached to bars for styling on them rough floors. The resulting design is treated with an antiseptic. After that, carrier frame racks are attached. It is necessary to check the entire design horizontally and vertical.
It's time to establish the remaining racks, while you need to remember the openings for windows and doors. Corners are fixed using screws and iron corners. After that, go to the installation of the upper lags for overlapping. They are stacked as well as gender lags in special grooves. You must not forget to strengthen all the bearing items with the help of Ukusin. Then the walls from the overflow side are closed by paro and hydro-insulation. The coating begins at the bottom and the bottom sheet should overlap the upper to prevent moisture penetration.
Now it's time to sneak out the outside of the walls. To do this, you can use any favorite material for example a blackboard or eurvagon. Next, you can proceed to the insulation bookmark. What kinds it happens earlier. Heated the walls, and on the inside, as with the outer items are covered with parochproofing sheets. For the convenience of the interior walls of the walls, it is recommended that the perimeter of isolation nurtures thin bars.
Nowadays, within the construction of panel structures, exclusively modern high-quality materials are used. Therefore, such buildings are distinguished truly excellent performance. Their popularity, among other things, is also explained by the simplicity of construction, as well as low cost. On how to make frame walls on their own and talk later in the article.
We buy the necessary materials
To assemble the shield walls will need to be prepared:
| Material | Purpose | Parameters |
| Exhausted bar | Racks of carcass | 150 * 50mm |
| Exhausted bar | Lower strapping | 150 * 150mm |
| OSP panels | Saving framework | Thickness - 9 - 12mm |
| Mineral wool | Wall insulation | 50mm thick plates |
| Brucki | Obsek under the ventilation layer | 40 - 25mm |
| Parosolation material | Protection of thermal insulator from moisture from the inside of the room | Foil |
| Waterproofing film | Wool protection from moisture outside | Polyethylene |
| Siding | Clean covering of walls | Vinyl |
| Corners, self-tapping screws, nails | Fasteners |
Fill the foundation for skew walls
Put frame walls on a ribbon or column foundation. The device is particularly powerful, they do not require, as they differ in low weight. When the ribbon of the foundation should be pouring metal studs in it (with a step in 1m). Subsequently, the lower strapping of the walls will be fixed. From above, the foundation is necessarily hydroizing the rubberoid. How to make the foundation waterproofing.
Start the construction of frame walls from the device of the bottom strapping. The bar for this purpose you need to take the highest quality, since it will have the main load.
Tip: Making frame walls, maximum attention should be paid to the issue of extension of the service life of the material. The entire barcass bar must be soaked in a solution of iron vapor (10%).
Laying the lower strapping is performed as follows:
- Metal studs, poured into the foundation, are deceived by bitumen and turn into rubberoid slices.
- In the bar, holes are drilled under the heels. On the edges, the grooves are selected for the fastening device "in the floor of the tree".
- Next, the timber is installed on the foundation. Each corner is driven by 4 nails (150mm).
- If the studs in the construction of the foundation are not flooded, additional mounting of the bar on an anchor is performed. At the same time used fasteners with hex nuts and wide washers.
Read more, how to make the bottom strapping with your own hands.
Continue to build frame walls by installing racks. With your own hands, the easiest way they will be fixed on steel galvanized corners. First of all, the angular elements are installed, then intermediate. In order to prevent loosening the racks before the upper strapping is mounted, they must be strengthened by temporary bodies. The distance between the racks is usually about half a meter.
Installation of upper strapping and strengthening racks
The upper strapping is also mounted using steel corners. Before fastening it to the racks, it is necessary to check their verticality. At the corners of the upper strapping, the "in the floor of the tree" is fixed using four nails. Next proceed to the installation of permanent shusin. Make them from a smaller bar than racks, and fasten from the inside of the house. Each rack must be subheaded by four short drives - two at the top and two below.
At the next stage, mineral wool plates are installed between the racks. In the location of Ukusin, the insulation is cut and inserted under them.
Important: So that the frame walls, erected with their own hands, turned out to be warm, to install the plates of Minvati need a Mospus. You can achieve this by choosing a width of a little more than a step of racks.
Next, begin to cover the facade with the plates of the arms. The waterproofing film is attached to them. Sayding is fixed by self-stakes to the resulting counterbalax. After that, from the inside of the building, a vapor insulator is also mounted on the bars. Next, the walls are trimmed by plywood or plasterboard. On this construction of frame-shield walls can be considered complete.
Video on the topic "Establishing frame walls with your own hands":
Uniqueness frame technology Largely determines the design of the walls. Composition of a frame of a frame house It is very different from the composition of the walls of houses built according to traditional technologies. So, if in a brick or wooden house-building, the walls are erected from a homogeneous material (brick, blocks, bar, log), performing all the functions at once - from carrier to protective, wall frame house Multi-layered. And all the layers of various materials, each of which solves its task.
About "Pie"
Frame as a base
Justification of the use of foreign beams
Wood for carcass
Layers of a frame house
Insulation
OSB (OSB)
Parosolation
Windproof
Plasterboard
Outdoor finish
- Wooden frame house assembly options
Frame house wall design It implies a hard frame of vertical racks (in the case of PNP, these original 2-way beams) associated with horizontal jumpers. In the formed cells, the insulation, vaporizolation, wind-and water protection, and the external lining of the walls are laid.
In construction such a multi-layer frame house wall device got the name "Pie".
Frame as a base
Justification of the use of foreign beams
The use of an 2-way beam as the main frame element provides a high level of rigidity of the structure, significantly improving the bearing ability of the walls.
Its name is a foreign beam gained similarity with steel bodies - one of the most popular types of metal. In a wooden frame house-building, a foreign beam is a design of two RESEK / BROs, which are connected by the OSP strip.
Before the traditional solid board, which is the initial framework of the frame, a foreign beam has a number of important advantages, the main of which are:
saving the geometry of the carcass: If the properties of a solid board are directly dependent on the overall state of the fibers of wood and mechanical voltage, then a two-level beam consisting of three elements practically eliminates the possibility of deformation. When in some of the elements there is a voltage, the other two are leveled. Therefore, everything design of frame house It turns out much more stronger and reliable, eliminating unpleasant deflection and shrinkage
reducing the weight of the building: I-beam is easier than solid board, so Frame house wall design, which is based on the boutique, as a result, it turns out easier
ensuring the convenience of strip engineering networks : Making passes for pipes and holes for wires is much easier in a thin OSP than, for example, in a full-fledged board with a thickness of 5-6 cm. At the same time, at the same time, due to the uniform structure of the OSP, no weakening of the design in the field laying of communications does not occur.
Finally, from the point of view of the preparedness of the material to use, it is worth noting that drying the crystal beams and bring it to the desired level Humidity is easier than to do the same manipulations with a solid board. After all, to the wood forming the basis of the walls of the frame house, the rigid demands on the level of humidity, which should not exceed 20% are presented. Subsequently, humidity decreases to 12-16%. It happens natural way. While the foreign base of the skeleton house satisfies these requirements at the construction stage. 
Wood for carcass
When it comes to how arranged frame house , not bypass the face and the topic of wood used for the production of frame. After all, it is from the properties of the wood in the future will depend on the strength of the house and other operational characteristics.
In a frame house-building, coniferous wood applies. As a rule, it is pine, although spruce and more expensive - larch and cedar are also common. The latter, by virtue of their high costs, are still more often used in the finish, rather than in the production of the frame. Pine, on the contrary, relatively inexpensive, while it has smooth high trunks, from which you can get a high-quality board with a minimum amount of bitch. And the resinous properties inherent in coniferous wood make it resistant to rotting, increasing the service life of the house.
That is why, before the wooden 2-way beam becomes the main design of the frame house, it is subjected to a multi-stage treatment with antiseptics and anti-epiments, after which the operational properties of wood are improved so much that no condensate with fire and insects is terrible to her! In addition, the protective function is performed by others.
Layers of a frame house
Insulation
The insulation is stacked between foreign beams - in cells formed using horizontal link links. As a heater can be used:
mineral wool: non-combustible, does not attract rodents and insects, breathable, durable (service life of 30-60 years, depending on the stated characteristics)
ekwata.: 100% eco-friendly and hypoallergenic material, stacked without seams and emptiness, moisture resistant, biologically stable (due to the content of boraners and salts boric acid), provides good sound insulation
polystyrene foam: inexpensive, light, characterized by good insulating properties, is safe from a sanitary and hygienic point of view
basalt insulation in stoves: non-combustible, provides high noise insulation
granulated foamglo: Absolutely non-combustible, moisture-resistant, not afraid of insects and rodents, does not give a shrinkage and serve more than 80 years
The range of modern thermal insulation materials is so rich and diverse that choose the insulation in accordance with the technical features of the construction of the house, the requirements and budget of the buyer will not be much difficult.
Sheaving
OSP framework another important element Designs of frame house. And the use of OSP is a visiting card of Canadian technology.
Oriented chipboard, it is OSB, unlike a tree, consists of large oriented and compressed in different areas chips. This material with an amorphous structure and uniform properties in all directions. In addition to the fact that the OSP is very durable, it is also moisture-resistant, light, compact, perfectly holds self-tapping screws. Despite some similarity from the chipboard and fiberboard, they cannot be considered as an alternative to the OSP, significantly inferior to the latter on the strength characteristics, moisture resistance, and, consequently, durability. There is another important reason to abandon the use of chipboard and fiberboard in device Wall Frame House - They allocate phenols and formaldehydes, which accumulate in the house, contributing to the deterioration of household health and amazing the immune system. While OSB (OSP) is absolutely safe for human health!
OSP on a par with other components of the "cake" of the walls participates in the heat shift of the house, protecting the insulation from moisture. In addition, the use of OSB allows you to organize the basis for fastening the rest of the "Pie" layer.
Parosolation
Continues assembling walls of a frame house Stacking vaporizoation - a vapor insulation membrane, which is a biodegradable film that can delay moisture, but at the same time passing the air. Thus, the possibility of dampness is eliminated, the direct consequence of which is mold and pathogenic fungi. If you go back to cotton insulation, then protected by such vapor barrier membrane, they do not wet, do not freeze, and the walls are breathing at home, excluding the effect of the thermos. 
Windproof
Listing frame house design elements, It is impossible not to mention the windproof layer, which is a special vapor-permeable membrane material - wind-hydro-proof membrane. It protects the walls and internal elements of the "cake" from wind and water vapor. This is not just a plastic film! The wind hydrogen-proof membrane has unique properties, being able to remove moisture, releasing wet air from the middle of the house outside and not passing it inside.
The RNR company uses the world's best wind-hydro-proof breathable TYVEK membranes, which in addition to direct providing protection against wind and moisture, also increase the energy efficiency of the house.
Plasterboard
IN composition of a frame of a frame house Also included GLC (plasterboard sheet) or GVL (gypsum fiber list) used for interior wall decoration. Contrary to stereotypes, plasterboard is chemically inert, is an environmentally friendly material and at the end of the service life is 100% utilized. But until the end of the service life will pass 15-20, and even 30 years. During this time, the plasterboard will delight you with walls that do not need alignment, and the ability to implement any planning and interior ideas into life.
Outdoor finish
Outdoor wall of the frame house - "Field" for the manifestation of your imagination! After all wooden housesbuilt on framework technology can be decorated the most various materials. This is a decorative stone, and facing brick, and wooden lining, and siding, etc. But despite the fact that outdoor finish Performs, first of all, a decorative function, choosing materials, it should be remembered that this is also an important layer of "cake", creating additional protection for all other layers of moisture, wind and temperature drops.
On this assembling walls of a frame house can be considered completed.
Wooden frame house assembly options
Constructions framework wooden houses May be collected 3 in different ways:
Assembling frame from beams / boards and other sawn timber directly at the construction site
Building a frame of workpieces: A pre-assembled section of the frame walls and partitions of the rafter systems are supplied to the construction site
Assembly frame from sandwich panels, i.e. installation of walls of a frame house It is carried out from the already fully equipped sections with insulation, covered with OSB, vapor insulation and wind-hydrogen-free.
It is clear that the first option in practice is very time consuming and the longest time. Third option - Power designer LEGO.Despite the seeming simplicity of assembly and speed of installation, also not devastable. Standardization of panels presented in total in 3-4 types, imposes restrictions on architectural solutions. The effectiveness of vapor barlasting and wind-hydrogen protection is reduced, because in the case of the sandwich panels, it turns out not monolithic cover, one for the entire wall, but the cover of a single block. And in general, the strength of the house is reduced. If in the second embodiment, the frame joints can be covered with plates, getting rid of potentially weak sections on the seams, then the assembly of the sandwich panels does not allow this.
So deciding as it is better make the walls of a skeleton house And in which way to carry out their installation, pay attention to the second embodiment. Of the three it seems the most balanced both in terms of terms and quality of work.
The framework blocks collected at the factory allow you to build a wooden frame house of the highest quality, eliminating the possible inaccuracy of the assembly and a violation of geometry, as in the case of the first option. At the same time, in contrast to the third version, the work on the lining of the house is already on the construction site upon completion of the installation of the frame. As a result, a wooden frame house with his "cakes" is warmer than houses of brick, concrete or solid wood, in which the material of the walls is both the bearing base, and the heat insulator. This allows you to save on heating and generally reduce the operating value of the house.
