Boeing-737. On board the crashed liner there were 88 people: 82 passengers and 6 crew members. None of them managed to survive.

Condolences to the families and friends of the victims were expressed by Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and Prime Minister Vladimir Putin. "The government commission will make every effort to investigate the circumstances of the plane crash and provide assistance to the families of the victims," \u200b\u200bPutin stressed.

Numerous condolences come to Russia from abroad. In particular, during telephone conversations with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev words of sympathy and support were conveyed by the presidents of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev, Armenia Serzh Sargsyan and Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko, President of the People's Republic of China Hu Jintao, the official representative of the Iranian Foreign Ministry, the Estonian Foreign Minister and other world leaders, public and religious leaders.

The Governor of the Perm Territory Oleg Chirkunov instructed the Ministry of Finance of the region to allocate from the reserve fund of the regional government to the Ministry social development 8.8 million rubles to provide material assistance to the closest relatives and families of those killed in the plane crash. "The amount of payment for each victim will be 100 thousand rubles," - said the source of RIA Novosti.

The relatives of those killed in the plane crash will receive compensation of 12 thousand rubles (12 minimum wages) and, in accordance with the 2008 amendments to the Air Code, Aeroflot will pay another compensation - up to 2 million rubles for each person killed in the crash.

A street in Grozny will be named after one of the passengers, Colonel General Gennady Troshev, said Chechen President Ramzan Kadyrov.

Former commander of the North Caucasian Military District, Hero of Russia, Colonel-General Gennady Troshev was heading to the city of Krasnokamsk for a sambo tournament: Troshev was a member of the Board of Trustees of the Federation of this type of wrestling. According to media reports, the general, at the request of the Federation, interrupted his vacation in order to catch the opening of the tournament in memory of Vasily Shvai. In addition, the Perm Territory is the birthplace of his father.

General Troshev was perhaps the most famous military man in Russia. He was one of the commanders of the Russian army in both Chechen campaigns, rose to the rank of general, commanded a district, liberated his native Grozny from militants, became the country's main Cossack and more than once met death face to face.

Gennady Troshev was born on March 14, 1947 in Berlin. He spent his childhood in Germany, then moved to Moscow, where he entered the Institute of Land Management Engineers. Despite the admonitions and prohibitions of his father, who punished his son "so that your legs were not in the army!" Troshev submitted a report asking him to be enrolled in the Kazan Tank School. In 1976 he graduated from the Military Academy of Armored Forces, and in 1988 - from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces.

Troshev served in various positions in the tank forces. He was the commander of the 10th Ural-Lvov Volunteer Tank Division in Germany, and then, from 1994 to 1995, the commander of the 42nd Army Corps of the North Caucasus Military District (SKVO). In 1995 he took command of the 58th Army of the North Caucasus Military District, and also commanded the Joint Group of Forces of the Ministry of Defense in Chechnya during the first Chechen war. It was he who developed and carried out the operation to block and destroy the bandit formations in the villages of Karamakhi and Chabanmakhi and to liberate the Novolaksky district of Dagestan during the operation to clear the Kadar zone of militants.

In July 1997, Troshev took the post of deputy commander of the North Caucasus Military District; two years later, in August 1999, he headed the grouping of federal forces in Dagestan, and in 2000 - the United grouping of federal forces in the North Caucasus.

From May 2000 to December 2002, Troshev was the commander of the North Caucasian Military District. In February 2003, he was appointed advisor to the President of the Russian Federation for the coordination of the activities of the offices of the plenipotentiary representatives of the President in the federal districts to provide methodological guidance for the activities of Cossack societies included in the state register of Cossack societies in the Russian Federation. On March 30, 2004, after the reorganization of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, he was again approved as an adviser to the president.

Troshev was also a co-chairman of the Board of Trustees of the National Foundation "Public Recognition", the Independent Organization "Civil Society" and the National Civil Committee for Cooperation with Law Enforcement, Legislative and Judicial Bodies.

Gennady Troshev was awarded the title of Hero of Russia (1999) for the anti-terrorist operation in Dagestan and Chechnya; awarded the orders: "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" III degree (1990), Friendship of Peoples (1994), "For Military Merit" (1995), "Peter the Great. For the strengthening of the Russian state ”(2003). Cavalier of the Golden Badge of Honor "Public Recognition" (1999) and the Badge of Honor "Golden Shield of Economy" (2004). In 2001, he was awarded the highest award of the International Prizes Foundation - the Order of Nicholas the Wonderworker "For the enhancement of good on Earth"; laureate of the A.V. Suvorov (2000), them. G.K. Zhukov - for an outstanding contribution to the development and strengthening of the defense capability of the Russian Federation (2002).

As Troshev's relatives and colleagues noted, each award was deserved to him: all the years spent in the Chechen Republic, Troshev tried to merge with conflicts in the region peacefully - by negotiating with the population.

According to Gennady Alekhin, the former press secretary of Troshev, since September, the Colonel-General was planning to start new job... “Just two weeks ago, they spoke to him on the phone, and he said:“ I’ll bring some benefit, now I’ll have a little rest, and in September I’ll start some new work. ”He did not say what kind of work it would be, he only said that "most likely in state structures", - Gennady Alekhin specified. He stressed that Troshev" was surprisingly energetic, not at all like a pensioner. "

In addition, he noted, journalists treated Troshev very well: “It is not for nothing that they called him“ the best newsmaker ”in the journalistic environment, especially for the events in the Caucasus - in the first and second Chechen campaigns. because he always spoke the truth, albeit an impartial one. His books also testify to this. " Gennady Alekhin recalled that Troshev's last book "The Chechen Breakdown" was published in March this year (the first two are "My War" and "Chechen Relapse"). “There was no talk about the next book. He said:“ time will tell - maybe I’ll write something else, ”he said.

The material was prepared by the editors of rian.ru based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources

Gennady Nikolaevich

Battles and victories

Soviet and Russian military leader, colonel general, commander of federal troops during the hostilities in Chechnya and Dagestan (1995-2002). Hero Russian Federation.

General Troshev's position was very clear: “Any stoppage of the war is a half measure and a crime. Only by completely destroying and dispersing the gangs can we live and work in peace. " At the same time, a feature of his strategy was the desire to minimize losses through competent negotiations.

In the preface of one of his books, he admitted that he could not fulfill the behest of his father, a combat pilot, who completed the Great Patriotic War in Berlin, who at the age of 43 fell under the famous Khrushchev reduction and once said in his hearts to his son: “So that your feet are not in the army!” At first, the future Hero of Russia really entered the institute as an architect, but then the Cossack genes still took their toll - the hereditary Terek Cossack filed a report with a request to enroll him in the Kazan Tank School.

In 1969 he graduated from college, then the Military Academy of Armored Forces and the Military Academy of the General Staff, after which he served in various positions in the tank forces, was the commander of the 10th Ural-Lvov Volunteer Tank Division.

Zhukov of the XXI century, as many called General Troshev, passed a difficult path. And the central place on this path, of course, belongs to Chechnya. In one of his interviews, when asked by a reporter, what is it like for him, a native of Chechnya, to fight in his native land, sighing heavily, Troshev replied: “Of course, it's a shame. Of course, it's hard to fight on your own land, Russian land. Moreover, where he was born and raised. " Perhaps that is why he was a special officer ...

In January 1995, when, in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Defense, the transfer of army units from most of the Russian military districts began to the region of Grozny, Troshev was appointed commander of the grouping of troops of the Ministry of Defense in the Chechen Republic. Over the next three years, up to and including 1997, Gennady Nikolayevich commanded the 58th Army, and from July 29, 1997, he became deputy commander of the North Caucasian Military District.

This person has not only military talent, but also good organizational skills, enjoys authority in the army. Moreover, he is a man of action. There are not enough of them in the country now. People who are more inclined to talk sit in the Duma. AND executive power lacks the rigidity inherent in Troshev.

Petr Kuznetsov, lieutenant colonel of the Airborne Forces

With the outbreak of hostilities in Dagestan in August 1999, Troshev was assigned the command of the operation to clear the Kadar zone of militants. It was he who developed and carried out an operation to block and destroy bandit formations in the villages of Karamakhi and Chabanmakhi and to liberate the Novolaksky district of Dagestan.

In October 1999, Troshev received a new appointment as Deputy Commander of the Joint Group of Forces in the North Caucasus, and in December of the same year he became First Deputy Commander of the Joint Group.

By December 1999, federal forces controlled the entire flat part of the Chechen Republic. The militants concentrated in the mountains (about 3,000 people) and settled in Grozny. A special group of troops was created to fight the militants. On December 26, 1999, she began her task. During the assault on Grozny, it was necessary to break through three defense rings, but on February 6, 2000, the city was taken under the control of federal forces. To fight in the mountainous regions of Chechnya, in addition to the eastern and western groups operating in the mountains, a new grouping "Center" was created. On February 27, 2000, on February 25, 2000, “West” units blocked Kharsena, and the “Vostok” grouping closed the militants in the Ulus-Kert, Dachu-Borzoi, Yaryshmardy areas. On February 29, federal forces occupied Shatoi. On the same day, the commander of the UGV Gennady Troshev said that “with the capture of Shatoi, the counter-terrorist operation in Chechnya was completed. An operation to destroy small groups of militants will be carried out for another two or three weeks. " Then he was awarded the title of Hero of Russia.

On January 7, 2000, Gennady Troshev was appointed deputy commander of the OGFS. In February he was promoted to Colonel General. Two months later, on April 21, Troshev was appointed commander of the United Group of Federal Forces in the North Caucasus. At the end of May 2000, the Colonel-General took over the command of the troops of the North Caucasian Military District.

Photo: Foundation for Patriotic Education of Youth named after General Troshev

What is the peculiarity of Gennady Nikolaevich Troshev's strategy? In diplomacy. In an effort to minimize losses through competent negotiations. Thanks to this, the mountainous part of Chechnya was under the control of federal forces without direct military clashes, which, however, did not reduce the intensity of the struggle - the sorties continued. But in moral terms, the advance of the troops played a big role in the defeat of the militants. Resistance was relentlessly declining for one reason: the troops were garrisoned in almost every significant settlement in Chechnya, thereby removing the question of the relevance of the Ichkerian government. The irreconcilable had to go underground, huddle in cellars and caves.

It was Troshev who, in the fall of 1999, entered into a dialogue with Akhmad Kadyrov, the Chechen mufti, who was "demoted" by Maskhadov for calling to come to his senses and prevent a war. In fact, it was Troshev who “appointed” the Kadyrov family as rulers of Chechnya. The general managed to find a common language with the mufti, despite the fact that Kadyrov at one time declared jihad on the Russian military. A strange, at first glance, symbiosis of the spiritual leader of Ichkeria and the Russian general gave a real result: without a fight, the second largest and most important city of Chechnya - Gudermes, a major railway junction in the North Caucasus - was taken. This made it possible to quickly deploy forces during the counter-terrorist operation. Moreover, Gennady Troshev, thanks to his connection with Akhmad Kadyrov, achieved the seemingly almost impossible: he made it so that one of the most efficient detachments of Chechen fighters under the command of the youngest in the history of Ichkeria, "brigadier general" Sulim Yamadaev, left the city and left without a fight into the mountains. The Yamadayev brothers were Kadyrov's support, and they obeyed him, the only one. They were the first to go over to the side of the federal forces.

This is how the so-called Chechen special forces of the Russian Ministry of Defense were born. In January 2000, the general flew by helicopter to the village of Benoy, located in the Vedeno region, a stronghold of the rebels. Here Troshev handed the Russian flag to one of the Yamadayevs - Dzhabrail - and ordered the creation of a spetsnaz company. The militants of Sulim Yamadayev, who made war his meaning of life, joined the formation. The Yamadayevites began to smash the Wahhabis throughout the mountainous Chechnya. The Vostok battalion began to operate, whose fighters shot in the mountains of Chechnya the Saudi intelligence officer Abu al-Walid, recaptured his body from the militants and took him to Rostov. By the way, "Vostok" performed successfully during the conflict with Georgia. So, part of the merit in the operation to force Georgia to peace belongs to General Troshev, who at one time supported and directed the Chechen special forces into the right track.

Only by completely destroying and dispersing the gangs can we live and work in peace. We are Chechens, and Dagestanis, and Russians - all ...

The result of all these actions by Troshev was several vendettas announced to the general by very influential Chechen teips. Moreover, despite the "softness" of military tactics, he was a staunch supporter of bringing the war to the very end without any compromises. He defined his position clearly and precisely: “... any stoppage of the war is a half measure and a crime. Only by completely destroying and dispersing the gangs can we live and work in peace. We are Chechens, and Dagestanis, and Russians - everything ... And I cannot say that this story will not be repeated today. Once again, we hear statements from some politicians that the war must be stopped, that we must sit down at the negotiating table. Who to sit with? With executioners, sadists who enjoy brutal murders and shoot them "for history"? With “popularly elected” Maskhadov? That "nation-wide" who during the three years of his reign has proved his complete powerlessness and lack of rights. What to negotiate with him? Over the years, he could not stop the abductions of people, did not disarm the gangs, not only could not stop the invasion of Dagestan, but did not even dare to condemn. With whom to negotiate? Just for the sake of negotiations, so that Europe was calm? .. "

Photo: Foundation for Patriotic Education of Youth named after General Troshev

“For me, so to protect the militants with barbed wire and minefields” - this position of A. Troshev did not always coincide with the political line, and on December 18, 2002 he was dismissed from the post of commander of the North Caucasus Military District “for a public discussion of the leadership of the Armed Forces countries of decisions ”. Namely, the refusal to head the Siberian Military District.

From this moment on, a new page begins in the biography of a military officer. In February 2003, Troshev became an adviser to the President of Russia on issues of the Cossacks. He dreamed of uniting the Cossacks, ending the formal division into "public" and "registered" Cossacks. This idea was repeatedly sounded in his speeches: “After all, we, the Cossacks, have nothing to share. The Cossacks were, are and will be the stronghold of their state, the support of the head of state: before there was a tsar, today - a president. Today the Cossacks are being revived with a single goal: by reviving themselves, to revive Mother Russia. " It is gratifying that these appeals by Gennady Nikolayevich were finally heard - already at the first Big Circle of Russian Cossacks in Stavropol and at the World Cossack Congress in Novocherkassk, several dozen public organizations announced that they were entering the register.

Equally insistently, Colonel-General Troshev, supported by the Council of Military and District Atamans, by all military Cossack societies insisted on the adoption of a new federal law "On the State Service of the Russian Cossacks", which lasted for a decade. The Hero of Russia rightly believed that only his acceptance "would knock the ground out from under the feet of those bureaucrats who do not want or are afraid of the revival of the Cossacks." And Troshev achieved his goal - the law in the required edition, with a proper legal basis, was adopted at the end of 2005.

Photo: Foundation for Patriotic Education of Youth named after General Troshev

As the grandson and great-grandson of the Terek Cossacks and as a serviceman of the Russian army who had to fight in the Caucasus, he could not ignore the question of the future for the Cossack clans on the primordial Cossack lands, which are now within the administrative-territorial borders of Chechnya. “I think so,” reasoned Gennady Nikolayevich, “the Cossacks should return to these lands and live as before: in Shelkovskaya, Naursky, Nadterechny regions and many others inside the republic on a flat or foothill area. Today, Kadyrov, who has been elected president of Chechnya, the Chechen people must understand that they have always lived well with the Cossacks, they have always carried culture and all the good things have been carried by the Cossacks. The Chechens themselves, being left alone with difficulties without the Cossacks, without the Russian-speaking population, simply will not be able to pull out what needs to be revived there today. "

It is difficult to say whether the military general, who called himself a "trench", was satisfied with the new role of a politician. However, in his person, the citizens of Russia discovered a new type of Russian general - who can not only successfully fight, but also speak, clearly and understandably for the whole world to state the essence of the events that are taking place, which many of our politicians could not boast of. In parallel with the main activity of the legendary general, his books “My War: The Chechen Diary of a Trench General” (2001), “Chechen Relapse. Commander's Notes "(2003). What caused them to appear? The answer is in the words of the author: “The Chechen war has made many politicians, military leaders and even bandits widely known both in our country and abroad. Most of them I knew and know personally. I know who is who, what lies behind the words and deeds of each person involved. I admit that my assessments are too personal. But even in this case, I believe that I can publicly express my attitude towards many "famous characters of the Chechen wars." I even have to do this, if only for the sake of completeness of the picture. Telling about the war in the North Caucasus was also prompted by my desire to warn everyone against repeating the serious mistakes made in the 90s - both political and military. We must learn the bitter lessons of Chechnya. And this is impossible without a sober, calm and deep analysis of all the events that have taken place in this republic over the past ten years. I hope that my memories will contribute to this. "

In his book “The Chechen Relapse. Commander's notes "Gennady Troshev wrote:" The Chechens and Russians have to pay with their lives to restore peace. How Dzhabrail Yamadayev, Musa Gazimagomadov, dozens of other courageous Chechens, who are shoulder to shoulder with Russian soldiers power structures protected and restored peace and tranquility in this land. " Gennady Troshev also paid for peace in the Caucasus and Russia ...

On September 14, 2008, Adviser to the President of the Russian Federation, Colonel General Gennady Troshev died in a plane crash in Perm. The question of the causes of the disaster remains open ...

D. V. SURZHIK, Institute of General History of the Russian Academy of Sciences

President of the Chechen Republic Ramzan Kadyrov:

As the commander of the United Group of Russian Forces in the North Caucasus, he very painfully experienced the events that were taking place in his homeland at that time. Thanks to such military generals as Gennady Troshev, a large number of military and civilians were saved in those terrible years, although there could have been many more victims. He himself often went to negotiations with the elders and persuaded them to influence the militants, tried to resolve the situation peacefully.

Putin about Troshev:

This is an experienced commander. In addition, he lived in Grozny for a long time, he understands the inhabitants of the republic well and sensitively.

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One of the most successful commanders of the mid-19th century in the Turkish direction.

Hero of the first capture of Kars (1828), the leader of the second capture of Kars (the greatest success of the Crimean War, 1855, which made it possible to end the war without territorial losses for Russia).

A talented commander who showed himself during the Troubles at the beginning of the 17th century. In 1608, Skopin-Shuisky was sent by Tsar Vasily Shuisky to negotiate with the Swedes in Novgorod the Great. He managed to negotiate Swedish assistance to Russia in the fight against False Dmitry II. The Swedes recognized the unconditional leader in Skopin-Shuisky. In 1609 he with the Russian-Swedish army came to the rescue of the capital, which was under siege by False Dmitry II. In the battles near Torzhok, Tver and Dmitrov, he defeated the detachments of the adherents of the impostor, and freed the Volga region from them. He lifted the blockade from Moscow and entered it in March 1610.

Peter I the Great

Emperor of All Russia (1721-1725), before that, Tsar of All Russia. He won the Northern War (1700-1721). This victory finally opened up free access to the Baltic Sea. Under his rule, Russia ( the Russian Empire) became a Great Power.

Petrov Ivan Efimovich

Defense of Odessa, Defense of Sevastopol, Liberation of Slovakia

Rumyantsev Pyotr Alexandrovich

Russian military and statesman who ruled Little Russia throughout the reign of Catherine II (1761-96). During the Seven Years' War, he commanded the capture of Kohlberg. For the victories over the Turks at Larga, Cahul and others, which led to the conclusion of the Kuchuk-Kainardzhiyskiy peace, he was awarded the title "Transdanubian". In 1770 he received the rank of Field Marshal, Cavalier of the Orders of Russian St. Andrew, St. Alexander Nevsky, St. George 1st class and St. Vladimir 1st class, Prussian Black Eagle and St. Anna 1st class

Saltykov Pyotr Semyonovich

Commander-in-chief of the Russian army in the Seven Years War, was the main architect of the key victories of the Russian troops.

Khvorostinin Dmitry Ivanovich

Outstanding military leader of the second half of the 16th century. Oprichnik.
Rod. OK. 1520, died on August 7 (17), 1591. At the provincial posts since 1560. Member of almost all military enterprises during the independent reign of Ivan IV and the reign of Fyodor Ioannovich. He has several won field battles (including: the battle of the Tatars near Zaraisk (1570), the Molodino battle (during the decisive battle he led Russian troops in the Gulyai-gorod), the defeat of the Swedes at Lyamits (1582) and not far from Narva ( 1590)). He led the suppression of the Cheremis uprising in 1583-1584, for which he received the boyar rank.
On the basis of the merits of D.I. Khvorostinin is much higher than M.I. Vorotynsky. Vorotynsky was more noble and therefore he was more often entrusted with the general leadership of the regiments. But, in terms of military leadership talent, he was far from Khvorostinin.

Stessel Anatoly Mikhailovich

Commendant of Port Arthur during his heroic defense. An unparalleled ratio of losses of Russian and Japanese troops before the surrender of the fortress - 1:10.

Barclay de Tolly Mikhail Bogdanovich

In front of the Kazan Cathedral there are two statues of the saviors of the fatherland. Saving the army, exhausting the enemy, the Battle of Smolensk — that's more than enough.

Drozdovsky Mikhail Gordeevich

Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

He was the Supreme Commander-in-Chief during the Great Patriotic War, in which our country won, and made all strategic decisions.

General Ermolov

Kolovrat Evpatiy Lvovich

Ryazan boyar and voivode. During Batu's invasion of Ryazan, he was in Chernigov. Having learned about the invasion of the Mongols, he hastily moved into the city. Having found Ryazan all incinerated, Evpatiy Kolovrat with a detachment of 1,700 people began to catch up with Batu's army. Having overtaken, he destroyed their rearguard. He also killed the strong heroes Batyevs. Died on January 11, 1238.

Uvarov Fedor Petrovich

At the age of 27 he was promoted to general. He participated in the campaigns of 1805-1807 and in the battles on the Danube in 1810. In 1812, he commanded the 1st artillery corps in the army of Barclay de Tolly, and later - the entire cavalry of the united armies.

Olsufiev Zakhar Dmitrievich

One of the most famous military leaders of the Bagrationovsk 2nd Western Army. Always fought with exemplary courage. He was awarded the Order of St. George, 3rd degree for his heroic participation in the Battle of Borodino. He distinguished himself in the battle on the Chernishna (or Tarutinsky) river. His reward for his participation in defeating the vanguard of Napoleon's army was the Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd degree. He was called "a general with talents." When Olsufiev was captured and taken to Napoleon, he told his entourage the words well-known in history: "Only Russians know how to fight like that!"

Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

“As a military leader, I studied JV Stalin thoroughly, since I went through the entire war with him. questions ...
In the leadership of the armed struggle as a whole, JV Stalin was assisted by his natural mind and rich intuition. He knew how to find the main link in a strategic situation and, seizing on it, to resist the enemy, to carry out one or another major offensive operation. Undoubtedly, he was a worthy Supreme Commander-in-Chief "

(Zhukov G.K. Memories and reflections.)

Dmitry Pozharsky

In 1612, the most difficult time for Russia, he led the Russian militia and freed the capital from the hands of the conquerors.
Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky (November 1, 1578 - April 30, 1642) - Russian national hero, military and political leader, head of the Second People's Militia, which liberated Moscow from the Polish-Lithuanian invaders. The country's exit from the Troubles, which is currently celebrated in Russia on November 4, is closely connected with his name and the name of Kuzma Minin.
After the election of Mikhail Fedorovich to the Russian throne, D.M. Pozharsky played a leading role in the royal court as a talented military leader and statesman. Despite the victory of the people's militia and the election of the tsar, the war in Russia still continued. In the years 1615-1616. Pozharsky, at the direction of the tsar, was sent at the head of a large army to fight the detachments of the Polish colonel Lisovsky, who besieged the city of Bryansk and took Karachev. After the fight against Lisovsky, the tsar entrusted Pozharsky in the spring of 1616 with collecting money from the merchants to the treasury of the fifth, since the wars did not stop, and the treasury was depleted. In 1617, the tsar instructed Pozharsky to conduct diplomatic negotiations with the British ambassador John Merik, appointing Pozharsky as governor of Kolomensky. In the same year, the Polish prince Vladislav came to the Moscow state. Residents of Kaluga and neighboring cities appealed to the tsar with a request to send them to protect them from the Poles, namely, DM Pozharsky. The Tsar fulfilled the Kaluga residents' request and gave an order to Pozharsky on October 18, 1617 to protect Kaluga and the surrounding cities by all available measures. Prince Pozharsky fulfilled the tsar's order with honor. Having successfully defended Kaluga, Pozharsky received an order from the tsar to go to the aid of Mozhaisk, namely, to the city of Borovsk, and began to harass the troops of the prince Vladislav with flying detachments, causing significant damage to them. However, at the same time Pozharsky became very ill and, at the behest of the tsar, returned to Moscow. Pozharsky, barely recovering from his illness, took an active part in protecting the capital from Vladislav's troops, for which Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich awarded him with new estates and estates.

Senyavin Dmitry Nikolaevich

Dmitry Nikolaevich Senyavin (6 (17) August 1763 - 5 (17) April 1831) - Russian naval commander, admiral.
for courage and outstanding diplomatic work shown in blocking the Russian fleet in Lisbon

Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich

The greatest Russian commander! On account of his more than 60 victories and not a single defeat. Thanks to his talent to win, the whole world learned the power of Russian weapons

Kutuzov Mikhail Illarionovich

Commander-in-Chief during the Patriotic War of 1812. One of the most famous and beloved military heroes by the people!

Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

The largest figure in world history, whose life and state activities left a deep imprint not only on the fate of the Soviet people, but also of all mankind, will be the subject of careful study by historians for more than one century. The historical and biographical feature of this person is that she will never be consigned to oblivion.
During Stalin's tenure as Supreme Commander-in-Chief and Chairman of the State Defense Committee, our country was marked by victory in the Great Patriotic War, massive labor and front-line heroism, the transformation of the USSR into a superpower with significant scientific, military and industrial potential, and the strengthening of our country's geopolitical influence in the world.
Ten Stalinist strikes is the general name for a number of the largest strategic offensive operations in the Great Patriotic War, carried out in 1944 by the armed forces of the USSR. Along with other offensive operations, they made a decisive contribution to the victory of the countries of the Anti-Hitler coalition over Nazi Germany and its allies in World War II.

prince Monomakh Vladimir Vsevolodovich

The most remarkable of the Russian princes of the pre-Tatar period of our history, which left behind resounding glory and good memory.

Grachev Pavel Sergeevich

The hero of the USSR. May 5, 1988 “for the performance of combat missions with minimal human losses and for the professional command of a controlled formation and the successful actions of the 103rd Airborne Division, in particular, in the occupation of the strategically important Satukandav pass (Khost province) during the military operation“ Magistral ” "Received the medal" Gold Star "No. 11573. Commander of the Airborne Forces of the USSR. In total, during his military service he made 647 parachute jumps, some of them during testing of new equipment.
Was shell-shocked 8 times, received several wounds. He suppressed the armed putsch in Moscow and thereby saved the system of democracy. As the minister of defense, he made great efforts to preserve the remnants of the army - a similar task that few people have ever faced in the history of Russia. Only because of the collapse of the army and a decrease in the number of military equipment in the Armed Forces, he could not victoriously end the Chechen war.

Bobrok-Volynsky Dmitry Mikhailovich

Boyar and Voivode of Grand Duke Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy. "Developer" of the tactics of the Battle of Kulikovo.

Skopin-Shuisky Mikhail Vasilievich

In the conditions of the disintegration of the Russian state during the Troubles, with minimal material and personnel resources, he created an army that defeated the Polish-Lithuanian invaders and liberated most of the Russian state.

Rokossovsky Konstantin Konstantinovich

Soldier, several wars (including World War I and II). passed the way to Marshal of the USSR and Poland. Military intellectual. did not resort to "abusive leadership". knew tactics in military affairs to the subtleties. practice, strategy and operational art.

Momyshuly Bauyrzhan

Fidel Castro called him a World War II hero.
He brilliantly implemented in practice the tactics developed by Major General IV Panfilov of combat with small forces against an enemy many times superior in strength, which later received the name "Momyshuly's spiral".

Kutuzov Mikhail Illarionovich

After Zhukov, who took Berlin, the second should be precisely the brilliant strategist Kutuzov, who drove the French out of Russia.

Udatny Mstislav Mstislavovich

A real knight, recognized as a fair military leader in Europe

Wrangel Pyotr Nikolaevich

Member of the Russo-Japanese and World War I, one of the main leaders (1918-1920) of the White movement during the Civil War. Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army in the Crimea and Poland (1920). General Staff Lieutenant General (1918). George Knight.

Rokossovsky Konstantin Konstantinovich

Because it inspires many by personal example.

duke of Württemberg Eugene

General of Infantry, cousin Emperors Alexander I and Nicholas I. Served in the Russian Army since 1797 (enlisted as a colonel in the Life Guards Horse Regiment by Decree of Emperor Paul I). Participated in military campaigns against Napoleon in 1806-1807. For participation in the Battle of Pultusk in 1806 he was awarded the Order of St. George the Victorious 4th degree, for the 1807 campaign he received the golden weapon "For Bravery", distinguished himself in the 1812 campaign (personally led the 4th Jaeger Regiment into battle in the battle of Smolensk), for participation in the Battle of Borodino was awarded the Order of St. George the Victorious 3rd degree. From November 1812, commander of the 2nd Infantry Corps in the Kutuzov army. He took an active part in the foreign campaigns of the Russian army in 1813-1814, units under his command especially distinguished themselves in the battle of Kulm in August 1813, and in the "battle of the peoples" at Leipzig. For courage at Leipzig, Duke Eugene was awarded the Order of St. George, 2nd degree. Parts of his corps were the first to enter the defeated Paris on April 30, 1814, for which Eugene of Württemberg received the rank of general from infantry. From 1818 to 1821 was the commander of the 1st Army Infantry Corps. Contemporaries considered Prince Eugene of Württemberg to be one of the best Russian infantry commanders during the Napoleonic Wars. From December 21, 1825 - Nicholas I was appointed chief of the Tavrichesky Grenadier Regiment, which became known as the "Grenadier of His Royal Highness Prince Eugene of Württemberg Regiment". On August 22, 1826, he was awarded the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called. Participated in the Russian-Turkish war of 1827-1828. as commander of the 7th Infantry Corps. On October 3, he defeated a large Turkish detachment on the Kamchik River.

Antonov Alexey Innokentievich

He became famous as a talented staff officer. Participated in the development of almost all significant operations of the Soviet troops in the Great Patriotic War since December 1942.
The only one of all Soviet commanders awarded the Order of Victory in the rank of General of the Army, and the only Soviet Knight of the Order who was not awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich

If anyone has not heard, writing is useless

Svyatoslav Igorevich

I want to propose "candidates" for Svyatoslav and his father, Igor, as the greatest commanders and political leaders of their time, I think it makes no sense to list historians for their services to the fatherland, I was unpleasantly surprised not to find their names in this list. Sincerely.

Slashchev Yakov Alexandrovich

Barclay de Tolly Mikhail Bogdanovich

Finnish war.
Strategic retreat in the first half of 1812
European campaign of 1812

Denikin Anton Ivanovich

The commander, under whose command the white army, with a smaller force for 1.5 years, won victories over the red army and took possession of the North Caucasus, Crimea, Novorossiya, Donbass, Ukraine, Don, part of the Volga region and the central black earth provinces of Russia. He retained the dignity of the Russian name during the Second World War, refusing to cooperate with the Nazis, despite the irreconcilably anti-Soviet position

Grand Duke of Russia Mikhail Nikolaevich

General Feldzheikhmeister (commander-in-chief of artillery of the Russian Army), the youngest son of Emperor Nicholas I, Viceroy in the Caucasus since 1864. Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army in the Caucasus in the Russian-Turkish War of 1877-1878. Under his command, the fortresses of Kars, Ardahan, and Bayazet were taken.

Kolchak Alexander Vasilievich

Russian admiral who gave his life for the liberation of the Fatherland.
Scientist-oceanographer, one of the largest polar explorers of the late 19th - early 20th centuries, military and political leader, naval commander, full member of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society, leader of the White movement, Supreme ruler of Russia.

Kornilov Lavr Georgievich

KORNILOV Lavr Georgievich (08/18/1870 - 04/31/1918) Colonel (02.1905). Major General (12.1912). Lieutenant General (08/26/1914). General from Infantry (06/30/1917). Graduated from the Mikhailovskoe Artillery School (1892) and with a gold medal Nikolayev Academy of the General Staff (1898). Officer at the headquarters of the Turkestan Military District, 1889-1904. Participant russo-Japanese War 1904 - 1905: Headquarters Officer of the 1st Rifle Brigade (at its headquarters), while retreating from Mukden, the brigade was surrounded. Leading the rearguard, a bayonet attack broke through the encirclement, ensuring freedom of defensive combat operations of the brigade. Military attaché in China, 04/01/1907 - 02/24/1911 Participant in the First World War: commander of the 48th Infantry Division of the 8th Army (General Brusilov). During the general retreat, the 48th division was surrounded and the wounded General Kornilov on 04.1915 at the Duklinsky pass (Carpathians) was captured; 08.1914-04.1915 In captivity by the Austrians, 04.1915-06.1916. Disguised as an Austrian soldier, on 06.1915 escaped from captivity. Commander of the 25th Rifle Corps, 06.1916-04.1917. Commander of the Petrograd Military District, 03-04.1917. Commander of the 8th Army, 24.04-8.07.1917. 05/19/1917 by his order introduced the formation of the first volunteer "1st Shock Force of the 8th Army" under the command of Captain Nezhentsev. Commander of the Southwestern Front ...

Loris-Melikov Mikhail Tarielovich

Known mainly as one of the minor characters in the story "Hadji Murad" by Leo Tolstoy, Mikhail Tarielovich Loris-Melikov went through all the Caucasian and Turkish campaigns of the second half of the middle of the 19th century.

Having shown himself perfectly during the Caucasian War, during the Kars campaign of the Crimean War, Loris-Melikov led intelligence, and then successfully fulfilled the duties of the commander-in-chief during the difficult Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878, having won a number of important victories over the united Turkish troops and in the third once captured Kars, by that time considered inaccessible.

Gorbaty-Shuisky Alexander Borisovich

Hero of the Kazan war, the first governor of Kazan

Dolgorukov Yuri Alekseevich

Outstanding statesman and military leader of the era of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, prince. Commanding the Russian army in Lithuania, in 1658 he defeated Hetman V. Gonsevsky in the battle of Verki, taking him prisoner. This was the first time after 1500 when a Russian governor captured the hetman. In 1660, at the head of an army sent under the besieged by Polish-Lithuanian troops, Mogilev won a strategic victory over the enemy on the Basya river near the village of Gubarevo, forcing the hetmans P. Sapega and S. Charnetsky to retreat from the city. Thanks to the actions of Dolgorukov, the "front line" in Belarus along the Dnieper remained until the end of the war of 1654-1667. In 1670, he led an army aimed at fighting the Cossacks of Stenka Razin, quickly suppressed the Cossack rebellion, which later led to the oath of the Don Cossacks of loyalty to the tsar and the transformation of the Cossacks from robbers into "sovereign servants".

Svyatoslav Igorevich

Grand Duke of Novgorod, from 945 Kiev. The son of Grand Duke Igor Rurikovich and Princess Olga. Svyatoslav became famous as a great commander, whom N.M. Karamzin called "Alexander (Macedonian) of our ancient history."

After the military campaigns of Svyatoslav Igorevich (965-972), the territory of the Russian land increased from the Volga region to the Caspian Sea, from the North Caucasus to the Black Sea, from the Balkan Mountains to Byzantium. Defeated Khazaria and Volga Bulgaria, weakened and intimidated the Byzantine Empire, opened the way for Rus' trade with the eastern countries

Platov Matvey Ivanovich

The military chieftain of the Don Cossack army. He began active military service at the age of 13. Member of several military companies, best known as the commander of the Cossack troops during the Patriotic War of 1812 and during the subsequent Foreign Campaign of the Russian Army. Thanks to the successful actions of the Cossacks under his command, Napoleon's saying went down in history:
- Happy is the commander who has Cossacks. If I had an army of some Cossacks, then I would have conquered all of Europe.

Kondratenko Roman Isidorovich

A warrior of honor without fear or reproach, the soul of the defense of Port Arthur.

Kappel Vladimir Oskarovich

Perhaps the most talented commander of the entire Civil War, even if you compare it with the commanders of all its sides. A man of powerful military talent, fighting spirit and Christian noble qualities - a real White Knight. Kappel's talent and personal qualities were noticed and respected even by his opponents. The author of many military operations and exploits - including the capture of Kazan, the Great Siberian Ice March, etc. Many of his calculations, not estimated in time and missed through no fault of his own, later turned out to be the most correct, as shown by the course of the Civil War.

Baklanov Yakov Petrovich

An outstanding strategist and a mighty warrior, he won respect and fear of his name from the undisguised highlanders who forgot the iron grip of the "Thunderstorms of the Caucasus". At the moment - Yakov Petrovich, an example of the spiritual strength of a Russian soldier in front of the proud Caucasus. His talent crushed the enemy and minimized the time frame of the Caucasian War, for which he received the nickname "Boklu" akin to the devil for his fearlessness.

Zhukov Georgy Konstantinovich

Successfully commanded Soviet troops during the Great Patriotic War. Among other things, he stopped the Germans near Moscow, took Berlin.

Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

He was in charge of the armed struggle of the Soviet people in the war against Germany and its allies and satellites, as well as in the war against Japan.
He led the Red Army to Berlin and Port Arthur.

Suvorov Mikhail Vasilievich

The only one who can be called GENERALISIMUS ... Bagration, Kutuzov are his students ...

Saltykov Petr Semyonovich

One of those generals who managed to inflict exemplary defeat on one of the best generals of Europe in the 18th century - Frederick II of Prussia

Barclay de Tolly Mikhail Bogdanovich

Full Commander of the Order of St. George. In the history of military art, according to Western authors (eg: J. Witter), he entered as the architect of the strategy and tactics of "scorched earth" - cutting off the main enemy troops from the rear, depriving them of supply and organizing guerrilla warfare in their rear. M.V. Kutuzov, after taking over command of the Russian army, in fact, continued the tactics developed by Barclay de Tolly and defeated Napoleon's army.

Karyagin Pavel Mikhailovich

Colonel, Chief of the 17th Jaeger Regiment. He showed himself most vividly in the Persian company of 1805; when with a detachment of 500 people, surrounded by a 20-thousand-strong Persian army, he resisted it for three weeks, not only repulsing the attacks of the Persians with honor, but taking the fortresses himself, and finally with a detachment of 100 people made his way to Tsitsianov, who was going to his aid.

Kuznetsov Nikolay Gerasimovich

He made a great contribution to strengthening the fleet before the war; conducted a number of major exercises, initiated the opening of new naval schools and naval special schools (later the Nakhimov schools). On the eve of Germany's surprise attack on the USSR, he took effective measures to increase the combat readiness of the fleets, and on the night of June 22, he gave an order to bring them to full combat readiness, which made it possible to avoid losses of ships and naval aviation.

Shein Mikhail

Hero of the Smolensk Defense 1609-11
He led the Smolensk fortress during the siege for almost 2 years, it was one of the longest siege campaigns in Russian history, which predetermined the defeat of the Poles during the Time of Troubles

General-Field Marshal Gudovich Ivan Vasilievich

The assault on the Turkish fortress of Anapa on June 22, 1791. In terms of complexity and importance it is only inferior to the storming of Izmail by A.V. Suvorov.
The 7-thousandth Russian detachment stormed Anapa, which was defended by the 25-thousandth Turkish garrison. At the same time, shortly after the start of the assault, 8,000 mounted highlanders and Turks attacked the Russian detachment from the mountains, attacking the Russian camp, but could not break into it, were repulsed in a fierce battle and were pursued by the Russian cavalry.
The fierce battle for the fortress lasted over 5 hours. From the garrison of Anapa, about 8,000 people were killed, 13,532 defenders were taken prisoner, led by the commandant and sheikh Mansur. A small part (about 150 people) escaped on ships. Almost all artillery (83 guns and 12 mortars) was captured or destroyed, 130 banners were taken. To the nearby fortress Sudzhuk-Kale (on the site of modern Novorossiysk) Gudovich sent a separate detachment from Anapa, but when he approached the garrison burned the fortress and fled into the mountains, throwing 25 guns.
The losses of the Russian detachment were very high - 23 officers and 1215 privates were killed, 71 officers and 2401 privates were wounded (in the "Military Encyclopedia" of Sytin, slightly smaller figures are indicated - 940 killed and 1995 wounded). Gudovich was awarded the Order of St. George, 2nd degree, all officers of his detachment were awarded, and a special medal was established for the lower ranks.

Chernyakhovsky Ivan Danilovich

To a person to whom this name does not say anything, there is no need to explain and it is useless. To the one to whom it says something - and so everything is clear.
Twice Hero of the Soviet Union. Commander of the 3rd Belorussian Front. The youngest front commander. It is believed. that army general - but just before his death (February 18, 1945) he received the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union.
He liberated three of the six capitals of the Union Republics captured by the Nazis: Kiev, Minsk. Vilnius. Decided the fate of Keniksberg.
One of the few who drove the Germans back on June 23, 1941.
He held the front at Valdai. In many ways, he determined the fate of repelling the German offensive on Leningrad. Kept Voronezh. Liberated Kursk.
He successfully attacked until the summer of 1943, having formed the summit of the Kursk Bulge with his army. Liberated the Left Bank of Ukraine. I took Kiev. Repulsed Manstein's counterstrike. Liberated Western Ukraine.
Carried out the operation Bagration. Surrounded and captured thanks to his offensive in the summer of 1944, the Germans then humiliatedly marched through the streets of Moscow. Belarus. Lithuania. Neman. East Prussia.

Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR, Generalissimo of the Soviet Union, Supreme Commander-in-Chief. Brilliant military leadership of the USSR in World War II.

Gurko Iosif Vladimirovich

Field Marshal (1828-1901) Hero of Shipka and Plevna, Liberator of Bulgaria (a street in Sofia is named after him, a monument is erected). In 1877 he commanded the 2nd Guards Cavalry Division. To quickly capture some of the passages through the Balkans, Gurko led a vanguard, composed of four cavalry regiments, a rifle brigade and a newly formed Bulgarian militia, with two batteries of horse artillery. Gurko fulfilled his task quickly and boldly, won a number of victories over the Turks, which ended with the capture of Kazanlak and Shipka. During the struggle for Plevna, Gurko, at the head of the guard and cavalry forces of the western detachment, defeated the Turks at Gorny Dubnyak and Telish, then went back to the Balkans, occupied Entropol and Orhanje, and after the fall of Plevna, reinforced by the IX corps and the 3rd Guards Infantry Division despite the terrible cold, he crossed the Balkan ridge, took Philippopolis and occupied Adrianople, opening the way to Constantinople. At the end of the war, he commanded military districts, was governor-general, and a member of the state council. Buried in Tver (Sakharovo settlement)

Saltykov Pyotr Semyonovich

The greatest successes of the Russian army in the Seven Years' War of 1756-1763 are associated with his name. Winner in the battles of Palzig,
At the Kunersdorf battle, having defeated the Prussian king Frederick II the Great, Berlin was taken under him by the troops of Totleben and Chernyshev.

Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

He was the Supreme Commander of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War! Under his leadership, the USSR won the Great Victory during the Great Patriotic War!

Pokryshkin Alexander Ivanovich

Marshal of Aviation of the USSR, the first three times Hero of the Soviet Union, a symbol of Victory over the Nazi Wehrmacht in the air, one of the most effective fighter pilots of the Great Patriotic War (WWII).

Taking part in the air battles of the Great Patriotic War, he developed and "tested" in battles a new tactic of air combat, which made it possible to seize the initiative in the air and eventually defeat the fascist Luftwaffe. In fact, he created a whole school of WWII aces. Commanding the 9th Guards Air Division, he continued to personally participate in air battles, having won 65 air victories over the entire period of the war.

Petr Stepanovich Kotlyarevsky

Hero of the Russian-Persian War of 1804-1813 At one time it was called the Caucasian Suvorov. On October 19, 1812, at the Aslanduz ford across the Araks, at the head of a detachment of 2221 people with 6 guns, Peter Stepanovich defeated the Persian army of 30,000 people with 12 guns. In other battles, he also acted not by number, but by skill.

Drozdovsky Mikhail Gordeevich

He managed to bring his troops to the Don in full force, he fought extremely effectively in the conditions of the civil war.

Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich

He is a great commander who did not lose a single (!) Battle, the founder of Russian military affairs, brilliantly fought battles, regardless of its conditions.

Ushakov Fyodor Fyodorovich

A person whose faith, courage, and patriotism defended our state

Antonov Alexey Inokentievich

Chief strategist of the USSR in 1943-45, practically unknown to society
"Kutuzov" of World War II

Modest and committed. Victorious. The author of all operations from the spring of 1943 and the victory itself. Others gained fame — Stalin and the front commanders.

Bennigsen Leonty Leontievich

Surprisingly, a Russian general who did not speak Russian, who made the glory of Russian weapons of the early 19th century.

Chernyakhovsky Ivan Danilovich

He commanded a tank corps, 60th Army, from April 1944 - 3rd Belorussian Front. He showed a bright talent and especially distinguished himself during the Belarusian and East Prussian operations. He was notable for his ability to conduct highly mobile combat operations. Fatally wounded in February 1945

Generals Ancient Rus

... Ivan III (capture of Novgorod, Kazan), Vasily III (capture of Smolensk), Ivan IV the Terrible (capture of Kazan, Livonian campaigns), M.I. Vorotynsky (battle at Molody with Devlet-Girey), Tsar V.I. Shuisky (battle of Dobrynichy, capture of Tula), M.V. Skopin-Shuisky (liberation of Moscow from False Dmitry II), F.I.Sheremetev (liberation of the Volga region from False Dmitry II), F.I. Mstislavsky (many different campaigns, rebuff to Kazy-Giray), There were many commanders in the Troubles.

Bagramyan Ivan Khristoforovich

Marshal of the Soviet Union. Chief of staff Southwestern Front, then at the same time the headquarters of the troops of the Southwest direction, the commander of the 16th (11th Guards Army). From 1943 he commanded the troops of the 1st Baltic and 3rd Belorussian fronts. He showed talent as a leader and especially distinguished himself during the Belarusian and East Prussian operations. He stood out for his ability to react prudently and flexibly to impending changes in the situation.

There were legends about General Troshev. So, he could not sleep for days, sharing with his subordinates all the hardships of military life (the soldiers lovingly called him "baty"). He personally flew around the territory of hostilities in a helicopter, and in the battle for Argun gave commands from the air, from the window. Somehow, in the fog, the helicopter almost ran into a high-voltage line, and only the skill of the pilot Alexander Dziuba, who passed through Afghanistan, saved the commander's life. Another time, a general's helicopter was shot down, and he sat down right in the cemetery. But no one was hurt.

Troshev tried, where he could, to avoid bloodshed. The "Vostok" grouping often managed to take settlements without a fight. For the operation in Dagestan and the courage shown during the hostilities in Chechnya, the general was awarded the title of Hero of Russia. The award was presented personally by President Boris Yeltsin.

Unlike his other colleagues, Gennady Troshev was always open to the press, wrote several books about the events in Chechnya, the most famous of which is “My War. The Chechen Diary of a Trench General ”(2001).

In December 2002, Troshev received a new appointment - to head the Siberian Military District. And this is after so many years of life and career have been devoted to the Caucasus! The general resigned. In February 2003, he took up the post of adviser to the president, oversaw the issues of the Cossacks. It was said that it was all for a reason. They say that the general was seriously guilty: his name was associated with the death of the legendary sixth company of 90 special forces, who stood in the way of a two-thousand-strong group of militants who were trying to break into the Argun Gorge area. But this is only speculation, there are no direct facts ...

Troshev Gennady Nikolaevich (1947-2008) - Colonel General, Commander of the Joint Force Group of the Russian Ministry of Defense during the First Chechen War. He took part in repelling the invasion of militants in Dagestan (August 1999), during the Second Chechen War he commanded the Vostok group of the United Federal Forces in the North Caucasus, and in 2000 he headed the United Federal Forces.

Biography

Gennady Troshev was born on March 14, 1947 in the capital of Germany, Berlin (according to other sources, he was born on March 15, 1947 in Grozny, Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic). Father - Nikolai Troshev - career officer, military pilot, graduate of the Krasnodar Aviation School; participant in World War II, ended the war in Berlin. Mother - Nadezhda Trosheva - Cossack.

He spent his childhood in the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

In 1965, Troshev entered the architectural faculty of the Moscow Institute of Land Management Engineers, but after the death of his father he dropped out.

Military career

In 1969, Gennady Troshev graduated from the Kazan Higher Tank School named after the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Tatar ASSR.

Troshev served in various positions in the tank forces, was the commander of the 10th Ural-Lvov Volunteer Tank Division.

In 1976 he graduated from the Military Academy of Armored Forces, and in 1988 - from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces.

During the First and Second Chechen Wars

Since 1994, Gennady Troshev commanded the 42nd Vladikavkaz Army Corps of the North Caucasian Military District (SKVO).

In January 1995, Troshev was appointed commander of the grouping of troops of the Ministry of Defense in the Chechen Republic.

In July 1995, he became commander of the 58th Combined Arms Army of the North Caucasus Military District.

On September 3, 1999, Gennady Troshev was given command of the United Group of Federal Forces in Dagestan.

In October 1999, he was appointed deputy commander of the United Group of Forces (UGV) in the North Caucasus Viktor Kazantsev, commander of the Vostok special forces battalion of the United Federal Forces in the North Caucasus. In December 1999, Troshev was appointed first deputy commander of the UGV.

In the winter of 1999, the group under the command of Gennady Troshev occupied the second largest city in Chechnya, Gudermes, almost without a fight. This happened after the general's negotiations with the then field commanders, the brothers Sulim and Ruslan Yamadayev, on whose troops the President of Ichkeria Aslan Maskhadov entrusted the task of defending the city.

In February 2000 Gennady Troshev was awarded the rank of Colonel General.

April 14, 2000 (according to other sources: April 21) Troshev was appointed commander of the OGV in the North Caucasus. Since May 31, 2000 - Commander of the North Caucasus Military District.

On May 15, 2001, Gennady Troshev temporarily headed the grouping of federal forces in Chechnya (Troshev's appointment is connected with the departure of the commander of the UGV Valery Baranov for 45 days).

Accusations

Russian human rights activists Oleg Orlov and Alexander Cherkasov, in their book "Russia - Chechnya: A Chain of Errors and Crimes", mention that the 58th Army of the North Caucasus Military District, during Trosheva's command, used local residents as a human shield during cleansing operations in Chechen villages.

Chechen separatists declared Troshev a "war criminal". In 2000, the "Military Majlisul Shura of the Mujahideen" acting at that time appointed a monetary reward for Troshev's head.

On June 4, 2001, an interview with Gennady Troshev appeared in the Izvestia newspaper, in which he stated: "Yes, I am for the death penalty for Chechen militants! ... The most painful execution! I would do this: I would gather everyone in the square, throw up a bandit and the path hangs, let everyone see!" ... Chairman of the Russian Society "Memorial" Sergei Kovalev, who was at that time a deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation, called the words of the commander of the North Caucasian Military District "monstrous", and Troshev himself - a cruel, stupid and hysterical person, and made complaints to the authorities who consider it possible further stay of the general in his post.

Resignation

In December 2002, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree relieving General Gennady Troshev from the post of commander of the North Caucasian Military District. He was asked to take up the post of commander of the Siberian Military District.

On December 17, 2002, at a press conference in Makhachkala, Troshev made a public statement about his rejection of this proposal. Putin considered it inadmissible for Troshev to publicly discuss the decisions taken by the leadership of the Armed Forces, and on December 18, 2002, he was dismissed.

Public service

On February 25, 2003, Gennady Troshev was appointed adviser to the President of the Russian Federation for coordinating the activities of the offices of the presidential representatives in the federal districts to provide methodological guidance for the activities of Cossack societies included in the state register of Cossack societies in the Russian Federation.

In November 2003, General Troshev announced that "there is no war in Chechnya today, and only those who have not yet laundered all the money are shouting about war." He also argued that the Russian military in Chechnya was "prohibited from carrying out sweeps and entering courtyards." However, according to the testimony of local residents and human rights activists, at that moment, to replace "large-scale sweeps", when federal forces cordoned off settlements and carried out rampant searches in houses, accompanied by the arbitrary detention of people, other, no less terrible "targeted sweeps" came to Chechnya. which had about the same consequences for the population as the "large-scale" ones.

On March 30, 2004, after the reorganization of the Russian presidential administration, Troshev was re-approved as an adviser to the president.

Gennady Troshev was the co-chairman of the Board of Trustees of the National Public Recognition Foundation, the Civil Society Independent Organization and the National Civil Committee for Cooperation with Law Enforcement, Legislative and Judicial Bodies.

Doom

Gennady Troshev died on September 14, 2008 as a result of the crash of a Boeing-737 passenger aircraft belonging to the Aeroflot-Nord airline and en route from Moscow to Perm.

On September 21, 2008, the mayor of the Chechen capital, Muslim Khuchiev, signed an order to rename Krasnoznamennaya Street, located in the Leninsky District of Grozny, into Gennady Troshev Street.

Awards

In 1999, Gennady Troshev was awarded the title of Hero of Russia "for conducting an anti-terrorist operation in the North Caucasus." He was awarded the orders "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" III degree (1990), Friendship of Peoples (1994), "For Military Merit" (1995), "Peter the Great. For Strengthening the Russian State" (2003) and more than 20 medals. Cavalier of the Golden Badge of Honor "Public Recognition" (1999) and the badge of honor "Golden Shield of Economy" (2004). In 2001, he was awarded the highest award of the International Prizes Foundation - the Order of Nicholas the Wonderworker "For the enhancement of good on Earth." Laureate of the A.V. Suvorov Prize (2000), the G.K. Zhukov Prize - for his outstanding contribution to the development and strengthening of the defense capability of the Russian Federation (2002). In August 2007, Gennady Troshev was awarded the highest award of the Chechen Republic - the Order of Akhmat Kadyrov.

Hobbies

A family

A wife and two daughters.

Notes

1. One hundred great generals. Russian Military Historical Society.
2. Site of the General Gennady Nikolayevich Troshev Foundation for Patriotic Education of Youth.
3. Russia - Chechnya: a chain of mistakes and crimes. M .: "Zvenya", 1998.
4. Izvestia, 04.06.2001.
5. IA "Interfax".
6. IA "Rosbalt".

Troshev Gennady Nikolaevich - Deputy Commander of the United Group of Forces in the North Caucasus, Commander of the Vostok Group, Lieutenant General.

Born March 14, 1947 in the center of the Soviet zone of occupation of Germany (now the capital of Germany), the city of Berlin, in the family of an officer. Russian. He spent his childhood in the Chechen-Ingush ASSR.

Since 1965 - in Soviet army... In 1969 he graduated from the Kazan Higher Command Tank School. He served in various positions in the tank forces. In 1976 he graduated from the Military Academy of Armored Forces named after R. Ya. Malinovsky, and in 1988 - the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR. From August 1988 to September 1991 - commander of the 10th Ural-Lvov Volunteer Tank Division of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany.

From 1994 to 1995, he commanded the 42nd Vladikavkaz Army Corps of the North Caucasus Military District. In January 1995, by order of the Minister of Defense, the transfer of army units from most of the Russian military districts began to the Grozny region. In the same month, Troshev was appointed commander of the grouping of forces of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in the Chechen Republic. Member of the first Chechen war (1994-1996). Lieutenant General (05.05.1995).

From 1995 to 1997 - Commander of the 58th Army of the North Caucasian Military District. On July 29, 1997 he was appointed Deputy Commander of the North Caucasian Military District. In August 1999, he became the commander of the federal forces in Dagestan.

With the outbreak of hostilities in Dagestan in August 1999, Troshev was assigned the command of an operation to clear the Kadar zone of Islamic militants. It was Troshev who developed and carried out the operation to block and destroy the bandit formations in the villages of Karamakhi and Chabanmakhi and to liberate the Novolaksky district of Dagestan. Troshev knew how to prepare not only military, but also political support for the upcoming operation. He negotiated with the elders of the settlements on the way of the advance of the troops, and during these negotiations Troshev showed himself as a good diplomat.

Since October 1999, Deputy Commander of the United Group of Forces in the North Caucasus and Commander of the Vostok Group, directed its actions during the second Chechen war.

Haveby the decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 4, 1999, Lieutenant General Gennady Nikolayevich Troshev was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation for courage and heroism shown during the liquidation of illegal armed formations.

Since December 1999 - First Deputy Commander of the United Group. On January 7, 2000, he was appointed Deputy Commander of the United Federal Forces Group.

On April 21, 2000, he was appointed commander of the United Group of Federal Forces in the North Caucasus, on May 31, 2000, as commander of the North Caucasian Military District, on May 15, 2001, temporarily headed the group of federal forces in Chechnya.

On December 18, 2002, he was dismissed from the post of commander of the North Caucasian Military District - "for public discussion of decisions taken by the leadership of the country's Armed Forces", namely after refusing to head the Siberian Military District.

From February 25, 2003 to May 7, 2008, he was the adviser to the President of the Russian Federation on the issues of the Cossacks.

Lived and worked in the hero city of Moscow. Died on September 14, 2008 in a Boeing-737-500 plane crash at the airport of Perm. Buried on October 22, 2008 with military honors at the cemetery of the Severny village near Krasnodar.

Colonel-General (02.22.2000), State Councilor of the Russian Federation, 2nd class (07.14.2007).

He was awarded the Soviet Order "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" 3rd degree (1990), Russian orders "For Services to the Fatherland" 4th degree (23.06.2008), "For Military Merit" (1995), Friendship of Peoples ( 1994), medals, as well as orders and medals of foreign states, including the Order of Leon (Abkhazia).

Honorary Citizen of the cities of Prokhladny (2000) and Nalchik (2002) of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Makhachkala (2000) of the Republic of Dagestan, Shali (2001) of the Chechen Republic.

In accordance with the order of the head of the administration of the city of Grozny in the Chechen Republic, in September 2008 Krasnoznamennaya Street, located in the Leninsky district of Grozny, was renamed into Gennady Troshev Street. The name of Gennady Troshev in November 2008 was assigned to the Dagestan cadet corps, on the building of which a memorial plaque was installed. The name of the Hero of Russia Gennady Troshev was also awarded to a cadet school in the village of Chernyshevsky in the Republic of Yakutia in 2008, a memorial plaque was unveiled on the school building on April 14, 2009.