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• Rental cost (up to 12 people): 3000 rub / Jass 10: 00-16: 00 - Monday-Friday, 4000 rubles / hour - 16: 00-10: 00 - Monday-Friday and Sat., Sun. and festive days
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• Rental cost (up to 12 people): 3000 rub / Jass 10: 00-16: 00 - Monday-Friday, 4000 rubles / hour - 16: 00-10: 00 - Monday-Friday and Sat., Sun. and festive days
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• Bath services: Banchik, selection of brooms, massage, various types of ranks, wraps, cosmetic pilling

• Rental cost (up to 12 people): 3000 rub / Jass 10: 00-16: 00 - Monday-Friday, 4000 rubles / hour - 16: 00-10: 00 - Monday-Friday and Sat., Sun. and festive days
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• Special offer: On Monday and Tuesday rental discount - 50%; On Sunday and Wednesday rental discount - 20%; Always discount for the first hour of 50% care and a gift to any font *. Call at the share number 89096604423. Scroll of offer until 09/15/2017 * Any package
• Bath services: Banchik, selection of brooms, massage, various types of ranks, wraps, cosmetic pilling

• Rental cost (up to 12 people): 3000 rub / Jass 10: 00-16: 00 - Monday-Friday, 4000 rubles / hour - 16: 00-10: 00 - Monday-Friday and Sat., Sun. and festive days
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The baths of the central and northern regions of Europe are under the influence of the northern type of baths - saunas. For the sauna, the use of two spaces with different temperatures is characteristic. The steam room is a heat outdoor bath with low relative humidity. Usually the steam room is made of wood.

Heat is formed in the furnace, covered with stones that accumulate it. It is usually granite, a diorit, peridotitis, etc.

If it is necessary to increase the concentration of steam, hot stones are watered with cold water.

The temperature in the steam room varies within 60-90 ° C, depending on the height of the shops. Under the ceiling, the temperature reaches about 100 ° C, the floor decreases to 40 ° C. The sauna is characterized by low relative humidity, which fluctuates in the range of 5-20%, which depends on the temperature in the pair.

Cooling, which follows sufficiently in the steam room, is carried out in a colder medium - most often with the help of cold water (pouring, shower, immersion in a row with tap water, etc.). Another way is to exit the sauna outside. Especially useful cooling in the external environment with the ability to wander on the grass covered with dew. If natural and climatic conditions allow, many are cooled in the snow, lake or river. Trained persons can cool in the hole in the winter.

It is important that you want to take a sauna refer to it positively. He must know the rules of washing in the sauna and the goal with which it takes. In other words, you need to know the effect of the sauna, then the rules of washing will be performed with the appropriate psychological mood.

An important condition for the proper reception of the sauna is to determine the duration of stay in it. Do not hurry, the duration of the procedure is approximately 2 hours. The well-being during the reception of the sauna should be good. The sauna is not a venue for the competition, the common fun and fun. In compliance with these conditions, the stay in it can be very pleasant, and the invitation to the sauna is a manifestation of hospitality. The sauna can not be attended by persons with severe somatic or mental disorders, as well as after abundant meals. If the visitor is hunger, it can take a small amount of light food.

The sauna visitor is recommended to have 1-2 small towels and 1 large, better terry, where you can sit or lie so that the sweat is absorbed into it. In addition, the towel protects the hot surface of the bench from the burn and is a means of personal hygiene. Usually it is a simple rule most often violated by visitors. (Some for this purpose are brought to steam wooden seats.) It is advisable to have shoes, easy to disinfect. Be sure to take with you soap, especially when collective visits, because before entering the sauna it is necessary to wash. Women should have a cape on their heads for hair protection, preferably from the canvas, which should be worn in a steam room and shoot when washing under the shower. For mechanical exposure to the skin, various means can be used, which visitors should use strictly individually (brooms, brushes, etc.). After visiting the sauna, disposable means (brooms, etc.) must be thrown out.

Before entering the sauna, the body should be labeled, especially intimate places and legs, i.e., a short time to wash with soap under the warm shower. At the same time, there should be no clothes on the visitor. Then you need to dry the body with a towel, so as not to create an increase in relative humidity in the steam room. On the other hand, it allows for a short time to increase body temperature and cause rapid sweating. If the legs or arms remained cold, they should be warm in the bath with water temperature of 36-40 ° C for 10 minutes. This positively affects the vessels of the skin, prepares the body to the effective effects of heat in the steam room.

After the hygienic soul, it is necessary to immerse the legs into the antifungal solution in preventive purposes.

Visitors occupy benches at different heights depending on individual temperature tolerance and may be in the sitting or lying position. The most beneficial position is lying, as it contributes to the correct blood circulation in the limbs. At the height of the lower bench, the air temperature reaches about 60 ° C. At the top level (about 140 cm above the floor), the temperature should not exceed 90 ° C, otherwise there is an unpleasant feeling of burning near the nasal moves when inhaled hot air. The head must be somewhat raised and rest on a wooden head restraint. When moving from a horizontal position to the vertical, 1-2 minutes should be sitting in order to avoid dizziness. Depending on the habit, you can sit on the benches with navigated or bent feet.

The duration of stay in the steam room depends on the individual tolerance of heat, the height of the occupied bench, habits for the features of microclimatic conditions.

Before leaving the pair (in 2-3 minutes), water should be poured into the hot stones in the amount of 10-15 g per 1 m3 for the purpose of a sharp increase in the number of steam. It is necessary to do it carefully, put on your hand a mitten with a long sleeper, otherwise you can burn the ferry. Steam is deposited on the body surface in the form of small droplets, which leads to strengthening the activity of the sweat glands.

In the saunas often use birch brooms that contribute to mechanical irritation of the skin, accelerating blood flow, improving air circulation near the body and the destruction of the isothermal air sheath. At the same time, muscle activity increases, the frequency of heart abbreviations and respiration increases. Essentials contained in the leaves and branches of plants used for bath brooms and trees (birch, oak, eucalyptus, etc.) have no less influence. Some branches are wetted in advance in various decoction or extracts. (In the past for the purpose of poisoning in brooms, branches of ivy or other poisonous plants.) The branches branches are most commonly used, which are cut in spring or early summer. Sliced \u200b\u200band related branches are gradually dried in the shade and fold in a ventilated room until winter. Sometimes they can be preserved with salt or cold. Dried branches before applying dipped for a few minutes in hot waterwhich is then used in a steam room than a pleasant birch fragrance is achieved.

We often use washcloths, brushes or other suitable means to improve blood flow, for mechanical skin irritation, removing it dead and donating cells, which contributes to its regeneration.

The second phase of the sauna reception is cooling to which you should move after sufficient heating of the body and the appearance of an irresistible desire to cool. After the transition from the horizontal position to the vertical and adaptation to it, it is possible to leave the circulation to it and go to the cooling zone, best on fresh air. First, several deep breaths and exhale should be made, since the forced breathing can cause cramps.

The cooling phase is very important for the body. Its duration is individual and depends on the state of health. The duration and method of cooling in patients are determined by the attending physician. Cooling can be carried out by staying in the fresh air, with cold water and other, less frequently used methods.

Most often, cooling is achieved by staying in the fresh air or in a special sauna room with a temperature of 18 20 ° C. After short-term cooling under the shower, you can sit or slowly, it is especially nice to resemble the grass. With a long stay in the room for recreation, it is recommended to immerse the legs to the upper third of the legs into the water with a temperature of about 39 ° C. It is impossible to use cold water, as the spasm of the vessels of the foot muscles and reflex changes in the whole body are possible. Water cooling is made based on the overall state of health. The water temperature should be within 8-15 ° C.

The best way is cooling under the shower or dumping with water from the hose, and without a strong pressure, as this can cause vascular reactions up to the collapse. First, there are legs, and then hands in the direction from top to bottom.

The most efficient body cooling in the pool or in other devices (barrels, bathtubs, etc.), but it creates an additional load on the cardiovascular system. Before immersion in the pool, you should take a shower and remove the sweat from the surface of the body. Soap should not be used, as it disrupts the natural acidic skin reaction, which has a protective antimicrobial value.

It should be remembered that when immersed in cold water raises rapidly arterial pressure. This must be taken into account people with a tendency to circulatory disorders. It is recommended to dive into the water on the neck, and the head should remain above the surface of the water. With sufficient sizes of the pool in it you can move freely. It is impossible to jump into the pool, the more heads, and should be careful and slowly immerse the body from the legs to the neck.

It can be cooled in a non-rigging snow, rubbing them all the body or in the corner of rivers and lakes. The depth of water in the corner should not exceed two thirds of the height of bathing. This cooling method can only be applied to healthy trained people, and in no case in order to compete or from snobsm. (In countries where water is deficient, the steamboats are cooled in the sand.)

Continue cooling is recommended until desire to warm up. It is impossible to make the feeling of cold and especially chill. Cooling complete the reception of the shower and draining the entire body before re-entry into the sauna. If the legs remain cold, then before entering the steam room, they should be warm in a foot bath. Stay in the steam room and cooling repeat 2-3 times.

When you first visits the sauna, caution must be taken, in the steam room there is a short time and at lower shelves, the cooling duration should be strictly individual, it is impossible to allow the appearance of an unpleasant feeling of hypothermia, especially legs. The procedure is recommended to complete the taking a foot bath, which leads to a reflex flow of blood to the skin, accompanied by a pleasant sensation. Next should be rest in the sitting or lying position, following the supercooling. The duration of rest is determined individually, however, it is at least half an hour. Sometimes a short deep sleep can come.

With proper reception, the sauna usually arises a pleasant feeling of freshness. The appearance of a feeling of fatigue testifies to the wrong mode of stay in the sauna. During recreation, the loss of liquid and some mineral salts of mineral waters, vegetable juices, etc. should be filled with alcoholic beverages during and after the sauna are contraindicated.

Some saunas are carried out ultraviolet and infrared irradiation. An overdose of ultraviolet rays should be avoided, since after staying in the sauna, the sensitivity of the skin rises to them.

Sometimes the sauna can be used when sleep disorders, then it is visited in a few hours or immediately before the desired time of sleep.

Sauna microclimate

The temperature in the steam room should be high, and the humidity is low. The air temperature at a distance of 1 m from the heat source and 20 cm from the wall at a height of 150 cm should not be below 85 ° C, and the relative humidity should not exceed 15%. Absolute humidity ranges from 40-60 g / m3. The temperature of the floor is approximately 40 ° C, and the ceiling reaches 110 ° C, the temperature difference is 60-70 ° C. Depending, a sauna visitor selects the shelf at an appropriate height from individual temperature tolerability.

Air saturation with water vapors in the sauna is inversely proportional to its temperature. With increasing temperature, the relative humidity of the air decreases, and vice versa. Relative humidity is the lowest under the ceiling and the highest floor. The temperature and humidity of the air paired also depend on the number of people, the humidity of the skin of incoming, ventilation, volume, steam remoteness from the shower, door opening frequencies, etc. The low humidity of hot air in the sauna is associated with the fact that the steam room is made from wood that adsorb moisture.

The dew point, i.e. the temperature to which the air should be cooled to the steam condensation occur should be below the skin temperature. What it is lower, the greater the possibility of evaporation. A large difference in the temperatures of the body and the external environment, low relative air humidity and high radiation of the heat source give a positive heat balance.

The maximum heating of the body in the steam room is achieved due to not only hot air, but also heat from hot walls, ceiling and floor. Approximately 2/3 of heat The body receives by radiation, and 1/3 by heating the body surface with hot air. To achieve an optimal thermal regime, a uniform warming of walls should be achieved, on which, depending on the design of the furnace and the pair, may require several hours.

With an increase in air flow, for example, when using brooms, the possibility of convection increases (heat transfer by air). In immobile air around the body, a protective air sheath is formed, which reduces heat absorption. At air temperature of about 100 ° C and low humidity with rapid movement or fast movements, burns may occur. With a forced breathing, it is possible to burn the mucous membrane and skin near the nasal strokes. The occurrence of burns is possible even at a temperature of about 70 ° C when the skin is infused with air at a speed of 3 m / s. At a more intensive speed of air flow, burns may appear at an air temperature of about 58 ° C. At a temperature difference between the body surface and environmentalequal to 30-60 ° C, air movement speed should not exceed 0.2 m / s. Normal exchange is carried out at a speed of about 0.10-0.12 m / s.

In addition to the temperature and humidity of the air, atmospheric electricity is important. Tension electric field The sauna reaches 4000-8000 V / m and depends on the amount of water consumed and the temperature of the heated stones. The usual indicator is 100 V / m, with an increase in the amount of steam - approximately 300 V / m. This is accompanied by an increase in the number of negative ions.

A prerequisite for the creation of an optimal microclimate in the sauna is a sufficient air exchange, which allows to maintain the desired air humidity and remove evaporation associated with the stay of visitors to the pair.

Features of the sauna microclimate and the Russian bath with the eyes of scientists

The human body has a wide range of adaptive capabilities. A person can adapt to the conditions of the Far North, where the air temperature decreases to -90 ° C, and to the climate of the tropics, where the air temperature may increase to 60 ° C. In addition, a person has to experience intensive thermal loads in the process of production activities (hot workshops, deep mines, etc.).

Numerous studies (both domestic and foreign scientists) patterns natural adaptation The conditions of the roast climate showed that the inhabitants of the desert climate in heat exchange the mechanisms of physical thermoregulation prevail, the main exchange is reduced, the heat transfer from 1 m2 of the body surface does not exceed 30-36 kcal; In the population of moderate latitudes, this parameter is 39 kcal. When acclimatization, blood pressure decreases to the conditions of the roast climate, the body temperature is somewhat increasing, the sweating increases, the level of lungs decreases. There is a so-called heat shortness of breath, the secretion of bile is reduced, the digestive properties of digestive juices decrease, which leads to a decrease in appetite. In the hot climate, hypodynamia, tropical irritability and other adverse symptoms are often observed.

The question naturally arises, what physiological effects are at the heart of the preventive (tempering) and therapeutic effect of the microclimate of paired different designs?

The prerequisite of the sauna and the Russian bath is alternate heating and cooling of the body in various environments (air or water), depending on the characteristics of the climate, season and other factors. When cooled in air, the temperature contrast may be 100 ° C, and in water 60-70 ° C. The temperature and humidity of the air in the steam room are different at different heights. In this case, the temperature changes to a much greater extent than humidity.

The increase in temperature from the floor to the ceiling is an average of 6O ° C and more, while the humidity in this direction, on the contrary, decreases by 10-30%. The vertical distribution of temperature and humidity in the steam room is most often measured by the psychrometer of Augustus, the thermometers of which should not be mercury, but alcohol (for security purposes) and have a scale of large sizes (up to 100 ° C). To warm up and achieving the optimal temperature of the sauna, it is necessary to 2.5-4. In this case, a stable temperature regime is installed on the two upper shelves, whereas the temperature stability is not observed on the lower shelf.

After 4 hours of heating, the temperature in the steam room is held at the maximum level (about 85 ° C), and then decreases sharply (up to 65 °), which is explained by the frequent opening of the doors.

Sauna air is usually characterized as dry. However, absolute humidity at the same time significantly exceeds the limits that determine the fuchot state in natural air.

An important condition for the optimal microclimatic steam mode is the speed of air, not exceeding 0.2 m / s. The fixed air reduces the flow of heat to the body, and also slows the evaporation of moisture from its surface, forming an insulating air sheath. At the same time, the intensive movement of air can cause burns.

The integrated effect of the sauna and the bath on the human body consists in a gradual increase in air temperature. In the sauna rest room, it is 24-31 °, in the locker room 28-31 °, in the steam room about 60 ° (1st regiment), 90 ° (2nd shelf) and 96-100 ° C (3rd regiment) . In the Russian bath, the air is heated to 45 ° germinated mode, with a training - up to 60 ° C. These temperature gradations with the corresponding indicators of humidity of air create conditions for comfortable heat supply, overheating or stuffiness.

Studies of scientists have shown that the factors directly defining the process of sweating in an environment with a high content of water vapor are the relative humidity of the air and its deficit. Relative physiological humidity, i.e. air humidity at human body temperature is 46.7 mm Hg. Art.

Another indicator is no less important - a relative humidity deficit expressing the amount of moisture that is lacking for complete saturation of air at its temperature, equal to 37 ° C. The most optimal conditions are created with a decrease in relative humidity and with increasing its deficit.

The microclimatic sauna conditions are most favorable for sweating compared to those of the Russian bath. It should be emphasized that in microclumatic conditions that exclude sweating, as a rule, not only the skin, but also the pulmonary gas exchange.

In steam room, just like atmospheric airThe composition of the gases does not change. At the same time, their ratio significantly fluctuates the increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide and water vapor, as well as a significant reduction in the absolute amount of oxygen. The absolute number of gases in the air and paired structures were calculated. They showed that in the air of the sauna, the amount of oxygen decreases from 264.5 g / m3 (in the rest room) to 244.0-208.4 g / m3 in steam room. The difference is 56.1 g / m3 (or 21%). In the air of the steam bath, the amount of oxygen compared to the air of the rest room is less than 33.5 g / m3, which is 12.6%. In the natural conditions of the plain climate, the absolute amount of oxygen in the air can range within: winter-300-360 g / m3, in the summer 245-270 g / m3. The difference between extreme values \u200b\u200bcan reach 55-90 g / m3. This implies the conclusion that the reduction of the absolute amount of oxygen in the sauna air by 56.1 g / m3 is equivalent to a height of 1500 m above sea level. Reducing the amount of oxygen in the air of a steam bath for 33.5 g / m3 is equivalent to an altitude of 1000 m above sea level. This fact must be taken into account when determining the optimal regime, especially persons with diseases of cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

In vivo, at air temperature above 22 ° C and absolute humidity, more than 18.8 mbar arise meteorological conditions of "stuffiness". In the pair of not only the bath, where the absolute humidity exceeds 40 g / m3, but also the saunas, especially with steam jokes, also arise meteorological conditions for thermal discomfort - a combination of overheating with a slurness. The combination of low oxygen content with stuffiness (and overheating) quite complicates the functioning of cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

Significant air temperature differences between the natural air environment (especially during the cold year), a rest room and a steam room are primarily the redistribution of blood, which flows phase. The spap phase is replaced by the phase of the expansion of peripheral vessels, the sequence of which is determined by the individual characteristics of the body and the degree of temperature difference and humidity of the air. Expansion of peripheral vessels contributes to unloading the blood flow of internal organs, including organs depositing blood, which is of great importance for persons with diseases of cardio-vascular system.

The redistribution of blood has a positive effect on venous pressure and lymphobam, improves the elasticity of the skin and its tour.

As a result of a survey of healthy men before and after heat load in the sauna, substantial individual differences in the temperature reaction, the size of the sweating, the speed of the skin blood flow, as well as the value of the voluntarily selected thermal load were revealed.

With a more "soft" temperature mode, changes in biochemical blood indicators are insignificant (an increase in blood concentration of urea and uric acid, as well as ketone bodies); There is some intensification of metabolism, a slightly increases the concentration of non-composite exchange products. Higher temperature (90 °) causes more pronounced biochemical shifts in the body (an increase in the concentration of residual nitrogen, urea, uric acid, creatine, cholesterol, a common protein in the blood). This indicates the intensification of metabolism.

As you know, saunotherapy ends with the cooling of the body with different means (air, water, snow). The choice of a cooling method, its duration and sequence is no less important than the prescription of the hygrotermic steam mode. It is necessary to emphasize that the intensity of heat transfer in water mainly depends on its temperature. In the first minutes, water produces very strong cooling, then this effect is significantly reduced and remains at a certain level. When cooled by air, the heat transfer intensity is although less than in an aqueous medium, but it increases with the same speed, the body with a supercooling. In this regard, the duration of the cooling of the organism by the air environment should be strictly dosed, given the heat supply of man and its thermal exchange depending on the temperature, humidity and air velocity in the pool room.

Use of a sauna in preventive purposes

Modern health care is focused on the further development of disease prevention and injuries, which is more profitable than their therapy and rehabilitation. Sauna occupies a certain place in preventive medicine. IN lately It is increasingly used to improve physical and mental health. It is very important that the habit of visiting the sauna arose in childhood and became an integral part of the right lifestyle, so its preventive use should be started already in kindergartens.

Prevention of cooling diseases. This is a group of very common diseases, which are most often susceptible to people regardless of their age, gender and classes. They lead to significant economic losses, sometimes accompanied by severe health impairment, require prolonged treatment. Most often these diseases of the upper respiratory tract and inflammation of infectious nature almonds arising from excessive or long-term cooling, and sometimes when overheating followed by cooling.

For the prevention of these diseases, it is necessary to eat properly: in food there should be enough vitamins, especially with and a, mineral salts, iodine (in sea fish). It is equally important to comply with personal hygiene and lead healthy image Life. It is especially necessary to train thermoregulation, i.e. to study hardening. However, modern person most of the time is in warm and dry rooms, which leads to the fascination. Hardening can be carried out using different ways or their combinations. Good for this use natural environmental factors. You can study hardening and at home, and even better - in the sauna.

For hardening, water is most effective, as it has a thermal conductivity 25 times greater than air. For hardening, water can be used from rivers, ponds, etc. The easiest way is to rub with a wet towel dipped in cold water, followed by wiping the bodies of dryness. It is especially good to order young children. More powerful methods are pouring, shower or cold bath. The water temperature should gradually reduce and extend the time of the procedure.

Hardening the Sun is a qualitatively different method. Moderate irradiation increases the overall metabolism in the body, leads to the formation of vitamin D, protects the skin from infection, and the body from colds. In the winter and spring months, when natural irradiation with the Sun is insignificant, ultraviolet irradiation can be used. With proper irradiation the next day, light erythema should appear on the skin. The dose should be chosen gradually, since there are significant individual differences in sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation. It can be prescribed 1 time per week during the whole winter period.

The sauna can be prescribed in addition to ultraviolet radiation and massage once a week, which is usually enough for a good hardening of the body. Due to this, the frequency of colds is reduced.

Prevention of cardiovascular diseases. This pathology is one of the most frequent reasons disability, and mortality from it higher than from tumor and infectious diseases. In the primary prophylaxis, smoking should be deleted, bad habits and increase physical activity. It is also necessary to establish the correct lifestyle, especially from a psycho-generic point of view. The use of a sauna during primary prevention practically meets all the above requirements. It should be recalled that smoking in all sauna premises is prohibited, including those serving personnel. In case of insufficient physical activity, the sauna contributes to an increase in metabolism in the body, which leads to an increase in total energy costs.

The sauna can also be used in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Prevention of neurosis and psychoneurosis. Along with the high frequency of this pathology, a tendency to its participation should be noted. The emergence of these diseases causes a number of factors, the main of which are constant hurry, noise, mental stress, bad interpersonal relations, unreasonable insults, insufficient rest, minor physical activity, monotonous or unfinished work, violation of labor and recreation, intractability of some situations, etc. The sauna can give a good effect in the treatment of these violations, as it contributes to rest, the elimination of fatigue, the achievement of spiritual peace, to improve interpersonal bonds, the normalization of lifestyle, etc.

Prevention of production I. domestic injury. Traumism is currently very common. It is possible to note the tendency to reduce the production and increase in cases of domestic injuries. Injury is important both medical and state problem.

A visit to the sauna may have a prophylactic value, so it leads to an improvement in the somatic and mental state, to the elimination of fatigue, improved sleep, etc. Hardening with a sauna reduces the risk of damage to muscles and joints and increases the tolerability of low temperatures.

Use of sauna in cosmetics

Finnish saying "The woman after the sauna becomes beautiful" reflects the old observation of the positive effect of the sauna on the health and beauty of the human body. In the past, she was almost the only way to hygienic body care.

Modern dermatocosmetics in its preventive and therapeutic arsenal has a sauna. It should be noted that dermatocosmetics concern mainly the face, heads, neck, limbs and an open surface of the chest.

When appointing a sauna with a cosmetic aim to determine the skin type of the face: normal, greasy, dry (combinations possible). For each of them there are specific features when appointing sauna and relevant activities. In addition, the skin reaction should be taken into account on external influences in the sense of normal or sharp reactions. When determining the type of skin, the person gives a complete characteristic of the properties: tone, turgor, fatness, blood supply, painting, wrinkle, pigmentation, etc.

First of all, we can talk about eliminating bacteria from the face of the face, dust particles, dead cells and skin secretions. At the same time, the glands of glands are exempt, physiological properties, functioning, regeneration, lubrication and skin triqués are improved as a result of an increase in blood flow. The structure and functions of the skin of the face are normalized, its bactericidal properties increase and acidity increases as a result of an increase in blood flow and area. During steam jokes, we can add vegetable extracts to water and medicinal products And we kill brooms from various plants or branches of trees (birch, eucalyptus, etc.).

With oily skin in the sauna, slowing down the selection of the secrets of the sebaceous glands, the release of their ducts, removing dead cells than the skin drying is achieved. With an increase in blood flow, the skin is softened, its anti-inflammatory abilities are improved. Sometimes when visiting the sauna, there can be significant drying of the face. In such cases, the sauna should be used by Lanoline soap, and after it - astringent means, which are less dried face and prevent enhancing the function of the sebaceous glands. It is advisable to combine a visit to the sauna with a special dermatocosmetics massage.

Therefore, the massage should conduct a dermatocosmetical massage specialist. Usually it comes down to light patting, and not to intense massage techniques. An increase in blood flow in the skin contributes to the expansion and formation of small vessels, so the sauna should be prescribed to individuals with advanced vessels. Especially careful should be done when pink acne appeared. In case of degenerative diseases of sweat and sebaceous glands, overheating should be avoided due to reduction of the ability to sweating, and in front of the sauna, fatty protective emulsions or creams are applied to the skin.

In the elderly, the elasticity and turgor of the skin are reduced, there is a tendency to form wrinkles due to a decrease in subcutaneous connective tissue, pigmentation. In this regard, strong steam jokes, mechanical irritation of the skin and coarse massage, which contribute to the formation of wrinkles should be avoided. A visit to the sauna leads to updating the physiological functions of the skin, the braking of its aging, promotes epithelization. After the sauna, the use of emulsions and creams that contribute to improving the activity of the skin and preserve its freshness is recommended.

With a mixed skin type, the above techniques are combined and modern complex dermatocosmetics procedures are carried out. Since we are talking about border or pathological changes on the face, prevention and treatment are carried out on the recommendations of the dermatologist and the dermatocosmetologist.

Indications for the purpose of the sauna with skin diseases: chronic eczema in stationary or regressive stages, dermatitis on the second year of life, atopic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, chronic and nodular scratch, itching, urticaria, medication, all forms of psoriasis in stationary and regressive stages, red flat Lisha, parapsoriasis, labile forms of ichthyosis in school age children, atrophic aquirrelmatitis in the regression stage, chronic furunculosis without suppuration, inductive and spherical acne, chronic dermatitis.

Use sauna in sports

Doctors working in sports facilities, for a long time investigated the effect of saunas on athletes and physical consultancy. Particularly extensive experience has Finnish doctors and athletes, achievements that are associated with the positive effect of the sauna. Its effects are used in healthy athletes mode most often for hardening, maintaining the sports form and removal of fatigue.

A sauna as a method of hardening has a great practical value for athletes, since with its help, it is possible to achieve adequate vascular reactions to the effects of the external environment. This is improved by the adaptability of athletes to frequently changing conditions, including high and low temperatures. The athletes visiting the sauna decreases the likelihood of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, the incomplete sinuses, almonds and pulmonary fabric.

For athletes, it is very important to avoid even lung diseases of the upper respiratory tract, as they make it difficult to perform the training program and worsen the possibility of achieving high indicators in competitions. Despite the fact that some colds not accompanied by significant manifestations, with significant physical exertion may deteriorate the state of health, and in some cases There may be a threat to the life of athletes, especially with viral diseases. Therefore, they can never be underestimated. However, in practice, athletes are often neglecting treatment even at high temperatures. Since such diseases lead to a significant violation of training plans, then, naturally, the prevention of morbidity is important. One of the prophylactic methods that increase the hardening is a sauna.

The main importance of the sauna as the means of maintaining a sports form is its effect on the cardiovascular system, the load on which (temperature and duration of stay in the steam room, the method and degree of cooling, the number of visits to the steam room, the total duration of the procedure, the frequency of visits to the sauna, etc.) Gradually increase. The sauna is a load and has a training character.

The impact of the sauna on the cardiovascular system can be compared with the effect of running 3000 m. The sauna has the same specific effects on the body: a change in the level of metabolism, muscle activity, etc. Of course, running compared to the sauna has a more comprehensive effect. Both loads (running and sauna), except for general influences, have their own features.

The sauna has a tonic effect on the psyche, so its use by athletes is fully justified.

The sauna is also used to remove fatigue in athletes or reduce its manifestations. It can be visited shortly after a significant load. However, immediately after the load in the so-called rapid recovery phase, the residence mode in the sauna should be moderate. It should not be visited after an overly high load or if the training was accompanied by a significant sweating. More often, the sauna is used in the phase of distant recovery of forces after training or competition. It brings relief with pain in the muscles and joints arising after loads causes emotional calmness, deepens the dream, improves appetite, which leads to a good mood and well-being.

From a methodical point of view, it is necessary to remember that the sauna is a certain load, the degree of which depends on the intensity of heating and cooling, their duration, the number of repetitions of these procedures, the frequency of visits to the sauna, etc. In addition, the sauna portability to individuals and various Ability to add to it. The duration of stay in the sauna is individual. The athlete must warm up well and penetrate the steam room, but it is impossible to allow the feeling of heat. The same applies to cooling. It must be discontinued when the feeling of the cold becomes unpleasant. The cooling method must match the degree of hardening. Increase the amount of warming and cooling in the sauna, it is possible to increase its effect to maintain a sports form.

If the sauna is appointed athlete to eliminate fatigue, then immediately after the load, it is necessary to take easy food, after which a passive vacation is recommended. The time interval between the load and visits to the sauna depends on the well-being of the athlete: sometimes it is insignificant, and in some cases, the sauna visit is better to postpone for several hours or even until the next day.

Take a sauna is useful in the evening, so that there is a dream after that. If the sauna visit is assumed before dinner, it should be 2-3 hours for passive rest lying, sometimes accompanied by a short sleep.

There are restrictions in the appointment of sauna boxers. They can visit it no earlier than 24 hours after competition in the absence of deviations in a state of health. This is due to the possibility of internal hemorrhages (including in the brain) that when visiting the sauna can lead to a deterioration in health, and sometimes to the threat to the life of the boxer. The same risk is possible in other athletes, especially with the injuries of the head and concussion.

You should never abuse in the sauna, as in this case, the body weight is rapidly reduced, which sometimes athletes are achieved to get into the desired weight category. Long-term stay in the sauna leads to excessive loss of water and mineral substances, which is very harmful to the body and adversely affects the fitness form. With a significant sweating in the sauna, 1.5-2 liters of sweat are distinguished, and mineral substances with it. If diuretics are used, there may be severe health disorders.

It should be carefully visited by a sauna after loads, accompanied by plenty of sweating. In such cases, before the sauna, it is necessary to compensate for the loss of water and mineral substances and relax. After such a load, the sauna can be visited not earlier than 1-2 hours.

It is unwanted to visit the sauna after abundant meals, it is better to do it in 1-1.5 hours. It is clear that food should be lightly accurate. You should not attend a sauna on an empty stomach.

The mode of receiving sauna athletes largely depends on the training periods. In the preparatory period, you can visit the sauna 2 and even 3 times a week after training or in days when the intensity of training is below the usual (as a rule, at the end of the week). When visiting the sauna 1 time a week, it is better to take it at the end of the week. In the period before the competition, the sauna is usually visited 2-3 times a week. The duration of stay in it is reduced to 0.5-1 hours with a follow-up. In the transition period, the sauna training cycle is scheduled 3 times a week or daily. The duration of stay and recreation is usually increasing, and in general, the procedure takes 2-3 hours.

All said is related to high-class athletes. Athletes with less loads and longer intervals between workouts, the number of sauna visits are usually somewhat less.

The use of sauna athletes engaged in certain sports, has its own characteristics depending on the volume of training, the prevalence of motor, power, high-speed and other loads. At the same time, the subjective state of the athlete, climatic conditions, in which workouts and competitions, the degree of fatigue and training regime are taken. To remove the fatigue, it is necessary to achieve the elimination of pain in muscles, relaxing muscles, improvement of mood, etc. The residence mode in the sauna should be individual and even change in its individual visits, depending on the nature of sports loads.

Practically sauna is an independent procedure with a combined effect on the heat and cold organism. However, it can be combined with such procedures as underwater massage, etc. Possible different methods of visiting saunas: an increase in temperature contrast, a different duration of stay in the sauna, etc. This may be important for the restoration of power immediately after one-time exercise Or before the expected competitions and after them. In the remote recovery phase after the load, the beneficial use of only one sauna, which can sometimes be supplemented in the sun.

Sometimes there are situations when only the heat of the sauna is necessary, for example, for warming up to a massage or warm-up on the eve of the competition. Then the athlete is in pair of short time (to light sweating) and not cooled. In addition, heating in the steam room is required before some procedures in the rehabilitation phase.

To maintain form and hardening, other water procedures are used, resembling some elements of the sauna, but acting less intensively. These include souls, contrast baths, etc. The mechanisms of their action are approximately the same, but the intensity is different. If it is necessary to combine methods, it is necessary to combine the potential procedure with weak.

Sauney hygiene requirements

(From construction to operation)

When visiting the sauna, a number of requirements should be observed. First of all, there are certain hygienic rules that contribute to improving the state of the person, increase the endurance of the body and the effectiveness of treatment various diseases. Hygienic requirements should be carefully observed in the construction and further operation of the sauna.

It is clear that the requirements for various saunas may vary. In private saunas, all the rules that are respected in public saunas are not required. However, B. family saunas It is necessary to perform the mains hygienic requirementsDisranged which can lead to undesirable consequences. For example, in private saunas do not always follow the rules fire safetythat often leads to fires.

Hygienic requirements for the placement of saunas. For these purposes, a favorable external environment is needed, it is desirable among green plantings from deciduous and coniferous trees, away from noise, dust. The saunas located in the protective zone of industrial enterprises must be completely closed and have forced ventilation. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of supplying a significant amount of pure water and sewage device.

The exhibition is the first sauna room. It must be designed for 2/3 of the number of places in the steam room and is equipped with enough chairs and hangers for outerwear.

The locker room should have places 2 times more than in the steam room. One visitor accounts for at least 1.2 m2 of useful area. The changing room should be equipped with cabinets 40 cm wide, a depth of 56 cm and a height of 187 cm. The distance between the cabinets should be at least 150 cm, and between them and the wall - 85 cm. The floor should be easily detergent, with a slope to the garbagers.

Shower is located between the locker room and the steam room. On 4 places in the steam room there must be 1 shower. The soul diffusers are installed at a distance of at least 175 cm from the floor at an angle of 30 °. It is convenient to use the manual shower, with which you can thoroughly wash the body from all sides. The water temperature should not exceed 45 ° C. The shower must be easily washable shelves for soap and towel hangers. Walls should be washed to a height of at least 225 cm, and above (also ceiling) they are covered with lime plaster with antifungal additives. The floor should be covered with light, non-slip tiles and to have a slope to the garbagers that are usually covered with lattices. In the shower, it is necessary to single out the space for the diesel. There should also be a crane with a long hose for wet cleaning.

The steam room should be roomy so that the stay in it is comfortable and safe. At 1 visitor usually accounts for at least 2 m3. The height of the steam room, as a rule, is 220-260 cm. It is not recommended to build pairs with a volume of more than 40 m3. Walls and ceiling are dry, a well-absorbent tree without bitch and resin (poplar, aspen, alder, pine). Doors should be wooden and open out. The tree can not be soaked or varnished. In a steam room, at least 2 shelves made of wood with a height of more than 40 cm, and the upper shelf is set at a distance of at least 140 cm from the ceiling. The surface of the shelves should be smooth and well subjected to sanitary processing. In the steam room there should be no metallic objects or fasteners due to the danger of burns. The floor should be covered with smooth tiles or cement and have a slope to the garbage collector outside the steam room. The steam room needs to ensure air exchange. Luminaires for lighting steam room for safety should be installed above the door.

To cool the body, it is desirable to have a room in the sauna and the possibility of cooling beyond. The pool inside the sauna makes an area of \u200b\u200bat least 6 m2 and a depth of 130 cm, but with the ability to lower the water level for children up to 50 cm. The area of \u200b\u200bthe pool must be at least 0.5 m2 on 1 place in steam room. The pool is located next to the steam room. Its walls and bottom should be light, well detergent; They are covered with frost-resistant tiles or other materials with similar properties, smooth, but non-slip and non-porous surface. The bottom of the pool must have a slope to the outlet. Stops and railing are made to the pool. The floor near the pool should have a slope to the garbage collector. The water in the pool enters through the holes in the bottom, and its excess reaches the discharge groove into the sewer. When the water level is 50 cm and below it should be constantly changed. The water temperature does not exceed 10 ° C and meets the requirements for water in recycling pools. Water is constantly chloric (the concentration of free chlorine reaches 0.2-0.3 mg / l of water).

For cooling, you can use water, snow or simply located in the air in the covered structure connecting with the sauna. The area of \u200b\u200bthe cooling zone is planned at least 2 m2 per 1 place in the steam room. It should be equipped with benches from a suitable material and have green plantings. Water for outer cooling must comply with water requirements in recycling pools.

Restroom. The area is calculated on the basis of 2 m2 on 1 place in the steam room. The equipment consists of couches and chairs in an amount corresponding to the number of places in the steam room. The rest room should be observed silence.

Restroom. At least 1 cabin is connected with the expectation, the other - with a shower. Ventilation makes forced. Each cab is equipped with a toilet bowl for toilet paper, a crochet for clothes, a mirror and a washbasin. The height of the cab should not be below 180 cm. Cabins are barebressed or other easily washing material of light color. The floor should also be easy to deteriorate, without cracks and have a slope to the garbage collector. Before each cabin should also be a washbasin.

The utility room is necessary for storing detergents and disinfectants. Walls to height 180 cm are covered with washing materials. The room is fed warm and cold water. Clean and used underwear should be stored separately. If the underwear can not be sent on the same day in the laundry room, it should be possible to dry it.

Other rooms. The sauna should have a place to relax her employees. First aid kit first aid. You can envisage the room for massage and solarium. The area of \u200b\u200bthe massage room is planned at the rate of 7 m2 per massage table. The solarium is equipped with sources of ultraviolet radiation. Its height should be at least 3 m. The area of \u200b\u200bthe solarium is planned at the rate of 6 m 2 per 1 procedural place.

Climatic conditions in sauna premises. To measure the temperature in all sauna rooms, thermometers are installed. The pair should have a thermometer with a scale up to 150 ° C, and it is attached at a distance of at least 1 m from the heat source, at a height of 150 cm from the floor and 20 cm from the wall.

Before entering the steam room, it is necessary to completely wash under the shower with warm water with soap. It is also necessary to wash off the sweat before entering the pool. Men and women should visit the sauna separately. However, small family saunas are often built.

Workers saunas can enter its premises in special protective clothing and shoes. The sauna room and its equipment must be constantly kept clean. Before closing the sauna, wash and disinfect non-smell with means. Doors, walls, wardrobes for clothing, heating radiators, etc. It is necessary to process the disinfectant solution at least once a week. Chairs, handrails, doors handles should be disinfecting at least once a day. Rags, brushes and other means for cleaning the sauna can not be used for other purposes. After use, they should be washed and placed in a disinfecting solution.

After the end of the work, the water from the pool for cooling is produced, the bottom and walls are subjected to mechanical cleaning and disinfection, and then the pool is filled with clean water.

The sauna color is made at least 1 time per year. All work performed should be noted in the Sauna's operational book.

Hygienic requirements for sauna visitors. You can visit the sauna primarily healthy people, and on the recommendation of the doctor to persons with cardiovascular and other diseases. Sauna can not be visited by persons with signs of acute diseases, respiratory disorders, increased temperature, cough, runny nose, diarrhea, headache, with reduced organism resistance, skin diseases, purulent or bleeding wounds, etc. It should be limited to a sauna to persons who were in contact with infectious patients or fixtures. You can not allow the sauna to persons in a state of alcoholic intoxication, in dirty clothes. Sauna staff should know the main signs of these diseases. In the sauna it is impossible to eat, drink and smoke. In a prominent place, the rules for use of the sauna, the order of first aid, must be posted, short description The physiological effect of the sauna on the human body.

Responsibilities of sauna staff. Each employee is obliged to carefully fulfill the requirements of sanitation, hygienic and anti-epidemic prescriptions. Sauna staff are provided by personal workers, protective clothing and shoes. Protective clothing should be white, it must be changed at least 2 times a week. When working in a humid environment, an adhesive apron is needed, which daily at the end of the work should be washed with hot yard and wipe the disinfectant. Hair at work closed.

Sauna staff must constantly take care of personal hygiene and above all about the purity of the skin. Before work, they must wash the whole body with water with soap. Persons drawn up to work in the sauna must undergo a medical examination and have a corresponding medical certificate. Subsequently, they undergo periodic preventive medical examinations according to the sanitary service plan and, depending on the epidemiological situation.

Load modes for therapeutic and preventive, rehabilitation and tempering purposes

The human body gets used to the conditions of high air temperature after receiving 10-15 bath procedures with an interval between them at least 5-7 days.

Based on the analysis of clinical and physiological data of surveys of athletes, practically healthy people and persons suffering from hypertension and some chronic diseases of the respiratory disease, it has been established that the purpose of the bath procedures should be individual with regard to the degree and speed of heating, as well as its duration.

We characterize the thermal load modes when using the warm baths in the baths.

Each thermal load mode is characterized by certain conditions in the steam room and in other rooms intended for recreation and intermediate cooling. He is appointed by a doctor depending on the testimony. The whole procedure consists of three periods. Each of them, depending on the mode, a certain duration, the number of points to the steam room and its place in it, the nature and duration of intermediate and the main cooling, as well as the conditions of rest and drinking mode.

As at intermediate stages of stay in the stereon, and after the end of the procedure, during the rest, the reception of a mineralized liquid in the form of salted tomato juice, weakly alkaline mineral waters, refreshing beverages, fruit juices, freshly fastening teas are required. The amount of the adopted fluid should approximately be 50-60% of the lost body weight (2nd weighing) after the procedure.

Body weighing before and after the warm procedure is mandatory for independent and medical control. Changing body weight is one of the objective criteria for estimating the action of the procedure.

When placing on the shelf, the legs should be on the same level with a torso or somewhat raised on a special stand.

After each entering the polarin, intermediate cooling and rest for at least 15-30 minutes are needed.

The allowable limit temperature in the steam room is 60 ° C (1st regiment), relative humidity - 10-20%. In conventional baths, only humidity and air temperature can be adjusted (control over their values \u200b\u200bin traditional baths is very estimated). Staying on the 3rd shelf at air temperature above 60 ° C for this mode is not shown.

It is recommended to be located on the 1st shelf in the lying position. After every 2-3 minutes, the position of the body should be changed so that it is evenly warmed up. At this time, the skin temperature rises by 1.5-3.0 ° C compared to the source.

In the first minutes of reception, procedures should be performed breathing exercises In the form of deep and slow breaths and exhale (speed arbitrary). If there is a burning of the wings of the nose when inhaling, it should be slowed down. Such breathing exercises are recommended to perform at the beginning, middle and end of the next airport at the beginning. In total, 6-9 respiratory exercises with an interval of at least 30 s should be made.

Sign of completion adaptation period It is easy skin moisturizing (appearance of Spains). However, the height during this period may not come, especially in persons poorly carrying thermal loads. In this case, the adaptation period should be reduced. Over the entire period, it is recommended to carry out 1-2 pointers.

The first intermediate cooling should be carried out in air at a temperature not lower than 18-20 ° C in the cold and cool time of the year in a special place for these purposes (rest room), and in warm - on an open specially equipped area. The cooling duration usually lasts about 10-15 minutes. Receiving airbags in open areas must be combined with breathing exercises.

Second period. Intensive warming is carried out by repeated (2-3 times) entering the polarm (stay at the 1st or 2nd shelves). After each yield, the intermediate cooling according to the scheme described above. The duration of stay in Parilla is 6-12 min, depending on individual tolerance. This period is usually accompanied by an abundant sweating. The temperature of the skin may increase compared to the initial 3-6 ° C. After the 2nd and 3rd yields, the temperature inside the body increases by 0.5-1 ° C, and the body weight decreases by 0.3-1.0 kg due to the loss of fluid from then. Therefore, during intermediate cooling and rest after staying in Parilla, it should take 200-250 ml of fluid. After the 1st and 2nd, it is recommended to use air-cooled, and after the 3rd and 4th - water (in the pool or under the shower).

The temperature of the water in the pool should be no less than 28 ° C, it should be in it no longer than 2-3 minutes. This is dictated by the fact that the temperature inside the body will not have time to decrease below the usual level. A longer stay in the pool can cause the appearance of an unpleasant sensation of chills associated with more significant, cooling, exciting and core of the body. This can lead to supercooling and to reduce performance. The total warming time in the steam room for this regime is 20-35 minutes.

Third period. After the third and fourth warming on the 2nd shelf of the steam, there should be a vacation with gradual cooling for 40-50 minutes. During this time, the body temperature should return to the initial value. Secondary progestion completely ends after 15-25 minutes. At this time, it is recommended to take at least 0.3-0.5 liters of liquid and 150-200 g of fresh fruit.

The final stage Cooling should be carried out in a well-wedrid room for relaxing on comfortable sun beds or couches. The air temperature should not exceed 22 ° C, and relative humidity must comply with hygienic standards - 60-70%.

Mode 2nd (moderate thermal load).

The limiting air temperature in the steam room is up to 70 ° C, relative humidity - 10-18%. Showing stay only on the 1st and 2nd shelves.

The duration of stay on the 1st shelf is 7-15 minutes. The procedure should be taken in the position lying with the legs raised on a special stand so that they heat up faster. At this time, the skin temperature stops the legs and the hips increases sharply and approaches the temperature of the body. The temperature of the skin surface rises by 5-6 ° C, and the core of the body to the completion of this period is 0.5-0.7 ° C. At the end of the period, true sinking begins, the skin is covered with a wet film. This suggests that the period of addiction to the body ended.

Intermediate cooling is carried out in the cool and cold seasons in comfortable microclumatic conditions of the pre-tribader or recreation room, in warm seasons - not only in specially fitted rooms, but also outdoors.

Second period. Intensive warming is carried out by repeated (up to 3 times) stay on the 2nd shelf of steam. Each occurrence lasts 5-10 min, depending on the individual tolerance of the thermal load. In this period, as a rule, there is plenty of sweating, so it is necessary to change the position of the body to uniformly penetrate all sections of the skin surface, turning out of the sides on the stomach and on the back. It is not recommended to accept the procedure in the sitting position, since the body falls into adverse temperature conditions under which the head is at the level of the 3rd shelf at a temperature of 80 ° C, and the legs are at the level of the 1st shelf with air temperature of 50-60 ° C . Such an uneven warming of the body can adversely affect the functional state of the cardiovascular system and thermoregulation.

Third period. Final cooling is carried out with rest and is at least 35-50 minutes. During this time, the body temperature is reduced to the initial value. In this period, secondary progestion ends usually after 20-30 minutes. Immediately after getting out of the steam removal, water should be used (shower, pool) for no more than 2-3 minutes, while its temperature should be no less than 14 ° C. After that, cooling passes in the air: in the cool time of the year - indoors, to warm - on the open climatoplood.

In conclusion The final cooling requires control weighing.

Mode 3rd (pronounced thermal load).

Characteristics of the mode conditions. The permissible limit temperature on the wipe shelf is 80-85 ° C, relative humidity - 10-12.6%.

The adaptation period is carried out in 2 pointing balls. The total duration of it is 7-15 minutes. The procedure is recommended to take on the 1st shelf, changing the position of the body, turning through every 2-3 minutes, making slow, deep breathing exercises, as in the first two modes. Skin temperature in this period increases compared with the original on 5-6 ° C.

The first intermediate cooling is recommended to be carried out at the cool time of the year in the air in a closed well ventilated recreation room at a temperature not lower than 18-20 ° C, and in warm - in the form of air baths at a temperature not lower than 16 ° C. The duration of cooling is 10-20 minutes.

Second period. Intensive warming is carried out strictly sequentially first on the 2nd, and then on the 3rd shelves with intermediate cooling in air or in water. Subsequent 3 approach is recommended to be carried out on the 2nd shelf. The duration of each of them is 7-10 minutes. Intermediate cooling is recommended to be carried out in air: indoors at a temperature not higher than 16 ° C, on an open climatoplood - not lower than 10 ° C. The cost of cooling indoors is 15-20 minutes, outdoors - 2-3 minutes. The last 2 sites stay on the 3rd shelf of 5-7 minutes. To quickly remove the heating effect, the cooling is allowed in cold water (pool or shower) at a temperature not lower than 14 ° C. In this case, the duration of the procedure should not exceed 1-2 minutes.

The period of intensive warming is accompanied, as a rule, abundant sweating, redness of the skin, the increase in pulse and breathing. The skin temperature rises at 7 ° C, and the core of the body is 2-3 ° C compared to the initial values. When the symptoms of overheating (sensation of the skin of the skin, unpleasant dryness of the mucous membranes of the respiratory organs, carved in the eyes, dizziness, difficulty breathing, hipping, general weakness) The procedure should be immediately stopped, leave the steam room, stay in the recreation room, get a cool shower, take 200 -250 g of a cool drink. After the disappearance of acute signs of overheating, cooling the air in the lounge or in the pool at a water temperature of 26-28 ° C for 1-3 min.

Third period. Final cooling is characterized by a significant temperature contrast when heating and cooling the body. Due to the fact that the amount of heat adopted by the body according to the third regime exceeds more than 3 times its magnitude under normal conditions, cooling is recommended to be carried out in colder environments: on cold, up to frost, air, cold water, snow. Such cooling forms are particularly rational in the first 2-5 minutes, then pass to a less intensive and more prolonged (10-15 min) cooling in air or in water with an already higher temperature (28-30 ° C).

Final cooling is recommended to be carried out according to the following scheme. Immediately after heating, plunge on 2-3 minutes into the pool with water temperature up to 10 ° C or wipe in snow on the outdoor frosty air for 1-2 minutes. Instead of water cooling, you can take an airbag for 2-3 minutes at an air temperature not lower than -10 ° C. Do not allow hypothermia to the appearance of muscle tremors, which indicates the beginning of a decrease in body temperature below the permissible limits. In persons of asthenic physique, initial signs of supercooling may appear earlier, therefore, for them, the time of staying in extreme cooling conditions should be reduced by half.

In the future, the final cooling is recommended to be carried out in the room first in the water of the pool at a temperature of 25-30 ° C or under the shower. At this time, it is recommended to use a manual massage or hydromassage at a water pressure of 1.5-2 atm for 5-8 minutes. Next, go to the air cooling in the rest room for 20-30 minutes. During this period, refreshing beverages are recommended, sufficiently saturated with mineral salts, especially potassium, magnesium and chlorides. Berries and fruits are useful, which are rich in these saline components and vitamins. The volume of fluid taken inward should be 40-60% of body weight loss during the entire procedure. The duration of the final cooling should be at least 40-50 minutes. During this time, the body temperature returns to the original and completes the secondary progestion. Then you should dress for a season and for a while (15-10 minutes) to stay in the rest room, the lobby or waiting room at rest. This procedure ends.

Sauna or bath in a private house case is already familiar. But the idea of \u200b\u200binstalling the cabin with a ferry in his apartment, using modern achievements, even in a novelty for our country.

Compared to a Russian bath, sauna is much easier and in the device, and in use, and in organizing a free space for them. Of course, much depends on the means owned by the person and from the project, and from desires and requirements for the premises.

What is a sauna? Everything is simple. The sauna is the "Bath" in Finnish. Modern saunas may not have a heating source with firewood, and therefore practically, fireproof. Infrared elements are used as the heating element, which are not heated by air indoors, but, directly, the human body. This method allows you to arrange a sauna even in an urban apartment or in any room. country house. In the sauna it is very pleasant to relax after a working day, especially in the winter; Conduct time there with friends.

The principle of heating in the infrared chamber

Where to begin

It will be necessary to determine how many people are designed sauna. If for one or two, then there will be a sauna-booth, if it is planned to receive guests or spend there time together with relatives and loved ones, then the area is needed more, and also, it will be necessary to equip a place to rest.

Home Sauna for Two Man

You can now buy a ready-made cabin, and make it yourself, choosing any finish, most importantly, to decide on the requirements, design, and optional sauna features.

Views of Saunas

Sauna Barrel

The perfect modern and original option for a small apartment is a sauna barrel. This species of the parley has an amazing beneficial effect on the body: strengthens the cardiovascular system, increases immunity, removes the effects of cellulite, restores skin elasticity. However, despite simple design, instruct the installation of a miracle mini sauna better to charge professionals.

Sauna Barrel in the home bathroom

Such a sauna is controlled using a remote control panel, and with the help of additional options, the procedure for making steam procedures becomes even more comfortable. For example, it has a balm flavor option. The most common options with wood cedar and built-in steam generator.

Internal Sauna Barrel Device

Kabinea Sauna

It is not too big in size to the room can be put right in the bathroom, but an important condition for such installation will be the presence of a stock near the floor and the ceiling (several centimeters). Usually, the height of the finished cabins does not have more than two meters, otherwise their ventilation will be broken.

Bathroom Sauna

Kabina per person

Place this booth will come even in a close bathroom, in Khrushchev. Such a cabin per person resembles a "cabinet". The main plus of the finished saunas is that the equipment in them is posted for all the rules.

Single Cabin Sauna

Sauna with glass doors

In miniature saunas, the doors are made of glass, or are wooden design In the form of a frame in which the glass is inserted. It is made more for the psychological unloading of a person who will be in the sauna, so that the space does not give.

The idea of \u200b\u200ba sauna with glass doors

Salt sauna

Another innovation is a salt sauna. Once ancient times is a unique natural material that people apply to benefit and strengthen their health. In the salt sauna, a unique Himalayan salt is used, which works wonders. As a result of the visit, the operation of the circulatory system, the cordial and vascular system, the body is getting rid of harmful bacteria. In addition, it turns out the pronounced effect on the central nervous system. The state of the skin is improved, the operation of respiratory organs improves, allergic reactions disappear, the states of chronic patients are facilitated.

Salt sauna

Such a sauna can be easily and just arrange in country house. Its arrangement is not harder than the usual sauna, but the benefits are obvious.

Salt Sauna in a country house

Sauna with window

It is advisable to arrange a window in the sauna if technologically made it allows the wall. First, the premises will penetrate the natural light, secondly, again, from the point of view of psychology, it will unload the room.

Sauna idea with country house window

Cabin from designer

If you wish, you can embody all your most bold ideas on the arrangement of the sauna in the house, if you pay the case in the hands of the designer. Such a sauna can become a "highlight" of the interior and the "nail" of the program when guests come.

Designer Sown Cabin Idea

Sauna in Mansard

Modern technologies are able to accomplish such an idea. The sauna can be arranged not only in the attic, but also in the attic. Why not? Even in country houses, where there is a place to arrange the storeroom and dressing room, the attic of the habit of clogged with unnecessary trash and outdated things. Why not arrange a sauna there?

Sauna in the attic at home

Sauna with pool

This is the most ideal option to arrange the steam. To plunge into cool water after the heat is just an excellent feeling. The pool can be arranged right there, moreover, it may be optionally long, but deep, and more remind of "Font".

The idea of \u200b\u200ba sauna for home with a small font

Sauna with wine cellar

Such a sauna can be arranged next to the rounded pool, and a modern cellar will be near him. Moreover, cooling and heating systems for both rooms are made by common.

Infrared sauna

This is a modern installation for the adoption of thermal procedures. Currently, such a sauna is very popular. It can be found in beauty salons, in sports studios, sanatoriums and hotels, and, of course, in houses of advanced people. What is it? This is a miniature cabin that has infrared heaters. They are able to create a deeper and efficient, but, at the same time, the gentle effect on the body, by radiation of infrared rays. At the same time, the reception of thermal procedures passes with maximum comfort, because the heating temperature does not exceed more than 55 degrees Celsius. But there are still disputes about the usefulness of the IR sauna, and the opinions were divided.

Infrared Sauna in the apartment

Stone Sauna

You can get away from the banal design of the sauna with a tree and arrange it with natural stones. This material is able to withstand high temperatures, resistant to destruction and moisture. Its only minus - high cost - but the resulting appearance fully justifies the investment. You can combine and the tree, and the stone in the finish will turn out, undoubtedly, successful combinations.

FINISH SOUN NATURAL STONE

Sauna with stone tiles

In the design of the sauna you can use a stone tile. It will contrast with the shades of red wood.

Such combination is a good designer reception. Using various materials With a variety of color solutions, the sauna premises can give an amazing variety and a stunning appearance.

Stone tile sauna finish

A special chic will give the room a porcelain stoneware, which is stylized under marble. The raw stone brings the breath of nature into the sauna room, returns to the origins of humanity. Take procedures in such a sauna will be especially nice, being in a country house built in the middle of the forest. Full harmony of nature and man!

In the finish, you can use such material as pebbles. This unusual design applies to the room the pair of originality. Natural materials create naturalness in the finish, and never look frightly and scratchy. In addition, walking on pebbles is incredibly useful - after all, this is a natural massage of the legs, and on them, as you know, there are many points, massaging that can be significantly correcting your health. By applying a pebble in the sauna finish, you can get home spa procedures without leaving home.

Trim pebbles in the sauna

If it is not possible to fulfill the trim of a stone completely, you can decorate the stone only a part of the room, for example, one wall.

Application of backlighting in the sauna

In the design of the sauno, various elements of backlighting, separating shelves, steps, etc. began to be actively used. If only moisture-resistant lamps were used in the design of the lighting of the saunas, then there are entire lighting systems using LED tapes, in various combinations and colors.

Lighting in the sauna with LED tapes

Despite the fact that the sauna can have doors made of glass, as well as windows with natural light sources, the backlight does not hurt it at all, but on the contrary, it will be able to give the atmosphere of comfort and benefits the necessary accents to decide.

Lighting will help arrange accents in the sauna

Requirements for materials to finish the sauna

Materials for finishing the saunas should not only be beautiful and able to transform the appearance of the room, but also to meet safety requirements, be environmentally friendly and durable.

The trim for the sauna should be:

• durable (this is not the placement where you can repair every year);
• durable (high temperatures and humidity are able to destroy many materials);
• ecology (under the influence of high temperatures from poor-quality materials, harmful substances may be released);
• with high ability to maintain heat;
• with low heat-conducting qualities (so that a person does not get a burn during operation);
• resistant to high humidity, temperature drops.

The conversion of the sauna should be resistant to temperature drops.

The tree is considered a traditional material for trimming a sauna, as it will fully meet all the qualities listed above. The tree has high aesthetic properties, capable of flavoring the air in the process of receiving paired procedures, and has an additional healing effect on the human body.

Tree - Traditional material for decoration of the sauna

Visit your home sauna with friends at the end of the labor week - what could be better? The following types of wooden materials are used to cover the saunas:

• log-rounded;

Distorted log sauna finish

• lining;

Calcular home sauna finish

• block house.

Sauna Cover Block House

All these elements will be perfectly combined with brick masonry, finishing with a natural stone or tiles.

Mandatory rule: when finishing the sauna, it is unacceptable to apply paint coatings on no surface area! This is, firstly, it is very harmful, secondly, it will not stand and first reception of paired procedures.

Sauna, currently, this is not only an object of hygiene, but also a place to leisure, rest. Therefore, it may consist of several rooms: pre-bankers, steam rooms, shower. Other saunas may include a small kitchen room, swimming pool, bathroom, gaming room.

Sauna, consisting of several rooms

Pregnant and his appointment

This room is necessary so that thirsty can get calmly, it also protects the steam room from cold air, dirt. Here you can get ready for receiving bath procedures, prepare accessories.

Earbier in Sauna

If the size of the room is limited, then in the pre-tribades put a table, followed by a cup of fragrant herbal tea after a cup of fragrant herbal tea.

The design of this room the owners are usually suitable with a creative approach, especially since now is represented big choice Different accessories for saunas: This is a wooden funny signs, clocks, thermometers, original vessels made of wood, caps from felt. All this creates a unique flavor, and sets up on the desired way.

Recreation area in the pre-tribades

To finish the premises of the premises, we can use coniferous wood, for example, Spandinavian and pine spruce. The design of the prebator is a big space for creativity. In his finish, you can use various styles and directions:

• english style;
• oriental;

East Style Project

• country style;

Country Style Sauna

• modern style;
• eco-style.

Accessories will help to create a room in the selected style: accessories: mirrors in frames, furniture, all possible bedspreads, stylized towels and sheets, lamps, dishes, decorative sculptures, and figurines and much more.

If you wish and the availability of a large space, you can equip a sleeping place for guests.

Steam

To finish the room, the steam room needs to be used only by deciduous wood, otherwise resin will be released, which will adhere to the body.

Such trees such as:

• linden;
• aspen;

Ospen steam finish

• alder;
• larch;

Larch steam room

• abashi tree.

The floor does not necessarily have wooden, it can be equipped with a tile (non-slip), stone tiles.

From the point of view of hygiene, it is better to use the tile, as the wooden floor is wicked soon or later and is contaminated.

Tiled floor in the sauna

There are no special requirements for the design of the room with a pair of room: this place is drawn up in the spirit of minimalism, since the tree itself is already remarkably transformed.

To make some variety and dynamics in the steam room, you can make multi-level sun beds, put buckets of wood, decompose brooms, hang on the walls of the buckets. A wonderful way to save space is the arrangement of angular sun beds. Inside the steam room, you can also leave the window, it will shock the closure of the room, as well as, perform the function of the ventilation.

Corner Sunbeds Save Space Space

Shower

For decoration shower it is better to use ceramic tilesSince there is already a contact of finishing directly with the water medium. For decoration, you can use mosaic elements, stained glass windows. In the room, install not only shower, but also a font, hydromassage bath or make a jacuzzi.

Shower for sauna

Impact of sauna design for creating the desired atmosphere

Real connoisseurs of the wage values \u200b\u200bnot only the possibility of adopting hygienic procedures. The sauna is the place where it is customary to spend a whole Saturday or Sunday evening: communicating with friends, taking water treatments in the steam room, swimming in the pool. After such a holiday, a person feels truly rested. The cargo of the problem, which pressed on the shoulders - disappears, and the person is ready for labor empires again.

The sauna has a wellness effect on the human body, the pores open, toxins are extended, excessive fluid from the body, in addition, this is a kind of training for the organs of the cardiovascular system, the prevention of ORZ and ARVI, who hardening procedures contributing to the strengthening of immunity.

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